海洋社会学:回顾、比较与前瞻     

刘勤 《广东海洋大学学报》2013,(2)

学术之势、国家之势与民众之势推动了海洋社会学的拓荒开路,迄今已形成数个有一定影响力的研究团队。其研究成果,在核心概念的厘清中形成了从形式主义向实体主义的演进,在体系架构的理念上呈现了从移植设计到认知的创新,在范式立场的坚守中表达了中国立场和中国视角的本土贡献,从而为深化和拓展海洋社会学的研究提供了方向。  相似文献   

中日地理学者的论文写作年龄对比分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘云刚  刘冠娜 《地理学报》2009,64(8):1019-1024

以2000年以来的《地理学报》中英文版论文为例,分析了中国地理学者的论文写作年龄特征,包括平均写作年龄、论文写作主体年龄段、高峰期年龄等等,并以日本《地理学评论》为参照,分析了体制环境因素对地理学者论文写作年龄和周期的影响。结果表明,中国地理学母语论文的写作主体是40岁左右年龄段的学者,而英文论文的写作主体是35岁左右年龄段的学者。中国地理学者的母语平均写作年龄要高于日本,但英文论文作者的平均年龄则低于日本,这种差异反映了中日两国在科研管理制度及理念上的不同。在概括分析了两者差异后提出了对中国地理学的学科发展建议。  相似文献   

An overview of physical and ecological processes in the Rio de la Plata Estuary     

E. Marcelo Acha  Hermes Mianzan  Raúl Guerrero  José Carreto  Diego Giberto  Norma Montoya  Mario Carignan 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

The Rio de la Plata is a large-scale estuary located at 35°S on the Atlantic coast of South America. This system is one of the most important estuarine environments in the continent, being a highly productive area that sustains valuable artisanal and coastal fisheries in Uruguay and Argentina. The main goals of this paper are to summarize recent knowledge on this estuary, integrating physical, chemical and biological studies, and to explore the sources and ecological meaning of estuarine variability associated to the stratification/mixing alternateness in the estuary. We summarized unpublished data and information from several bibliographic sources. From study cases representing different stratification conditions, we draw a holistic view of physical patterns and ecological processes of the stratification/mixing alternateness. This estuary is characterized by strong vertical salinity stratification most of the time (the salt-wedge condition). The head of the estuary is characterized by a well-developed turbidity front. High turbidity constrains their photosynthesis. Immediately offshore the turbidity front, water becomes less turbid and phytoplankton peaks. As a consequence, trophic web in the estuary could be based on two sources of organic matter: phytoplankton and plant detritus. Dense plankton aggregations occur below the halocline and at the tip of the salt wedge. The mysid Neomysis americana, a key prey for juvenile fishes, occurs all along the turbidity front. A similar spatial pattern is shown by one of the most abundant benthic species, the clam Mactra isabelleana. These species could be taken advantage of the particulate organic matter and/or phytoplankton concentrated near the front. Nekton is represented by a rich fish community, with several fishes breeding inside the estuary. The most important species in terms of biomass is Micropogonias furnieri, the main target for the coastal fisheries of Argentina and Uruguay. Two processes have been identified as producing partially stratified conditions: persistent moderate winds (synoptic scale), or low freshwater runoff (interannual scale). Less frequently, total mixing of the salt wedge occurs after several hours of strong winds. The co-dominance of diatoms (which proliferate in highly turbulent environments) and red tides dinoflagellates and other bloom taxa (better adapted to stratified conditions), would indicate great variability in the turbulence strength, probably manifested as pulses. Microplankton and ichthyoplankton assemblages defined for the stratified condition are still recognized during the partially mixed condition, but in this case they occupy the entire water column: vertical structure of the plankton featuring the stratified condition become lost. Bottom fish assemblages, on the contrary, shows persistence under the different stratification conditions, though the dominant species of the groups show some variations. Summarizing, the Río de la Plata Estuary is a highly variable environment, strongly stratified most of the time but that can be mixed in some few hours by strong wind events that occur in an unpredictable manner, generating stratification/partially mixed (less frequently totally mixed) pulses all along the year. At larger temporal scales, the system is under the effects of river discharge variations associated to the ENSO cycle, but their ecological consequences are not fully studied.  相似文献   

国内外城市群研究的回顾与展望   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24  

林先扬  陈忠暖  蔡国田 《热带地理》2003,23(1):44-49

城市群的存在是区域城市化与城市区域化的重要表现,它作为区域城市化高级阶级性现象,是集聚与扩散共同作用的产物.经济全球化与区域经济一体化必然要求重视和加强城市群的发展,当今城市群的发展深刻影响着国家的国际竞争力,对国家持续稳定发展具有重大意义.城市群越来越成为学者关注的焦点,对它的研究与探索是城市研究领域的新拓展,它有助于人们在更广阔的视野中把握城市的发展.文中简要回顾了国外城市群研究阶段与主要成果与观点,着重对我国城市群研究进行回顾与评述,进一步探讨了城市群研究的新趋向,以利于推动我国城市群研究的深入开展  相似文献   

室内管道系统抗震研究综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘志斌  郭恩栋  李倩  李玉芹 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(3):591-599

根据最新震害统计资料发现,非结构构件在地震中造成的经济损失远大于结构构件。非结构构件按照地震反应特征可分为位移敏感型构件和加速度敏感型构件。其中,位移敏感型构件的破坏多受层间位移角控制,主要采用拟静力试验进行研究;加速度敏感型构件的破坏多受楼面加速度的控制,主要采用振动台试验进行研究。室内管道系统是非结构构件的重要组成部分,室内管道系统中的立管和水平管分别属于位移敏感型和加速度敏感型构件。本文系统地论述了近年来国内外学者开展的关于室内管道系统的抗震研究工作,并对室内管道系统下一步的研究工作提出了建议。  相似文献   

膨润土颗粒混合物的堆积性质与水-力特性研究进展     

刘樟荣  叶为民  张召  崔玉军  王琼  陈永贵 《工程地质学报》2020,28(2):294-305

膨润土颗粒混合物是高放废物深地质处置库中的一种缓冲/回填材料,掌握其堆积性质与水-力特性是开展处置库安全性能评估的关键基础。本文全面回顾和总结了近年来国内外学者对膨润土颗粒混合物的堆积性质、持水特性、结构特征、渗透特性、胀缩特性及本构模型等方面的研究进展与取得的成果,展望了几个值得进一步研究的问题。结果表明,颗粒混合物的堆积性质与粒径级配密切相关;湿化过程中,颗粒混合物由初始松散结构逐渐转变为胶结融合结构,孔隙结构逐渐趋于均一化,并伴随着颗粒破碎和错动,进而影响其水-力特性。考虑到处置库实际运营环境的复杂性,颗粒混合物的原位填充技术以及多场(热-水-力-化)耦合条件下颗粒混合物的水-力特性是今后值得深入研究的方向。  相似文献   

Geoconservation and geoscience in England: a mutually beneficial relationship     

Eleanor J. Brown  David H. Evans  Jonathan G. Larwood  Colin D. Prosser  Hannah C. Townley 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(3):492-504

Geoconservation in England, as in Great Britain more widely, is very well established. Sites of national or international scientific importance, as determined by a systematic site assessment and selection exercise, can be protected by designation as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Sites of local importance e.g. Local Geological Sites may also be taken into account when planning decisions are made that could have an impact on them. As a whole, the network of conserved geosites represents the key elements of our current understanding of the geology and geomorphology of England. Site selection and safeguard and management of this network are dependent on geoscience information, and in return continued geoscience fieldwork is dependent on having conserved sites available for study. Here, we review the relationship between geoconservation and geoscience, and how it has developed since the first geoconservation legislation nearly 70 years ago. We discuss the achievements, challenges and where and how this relationship needs to strengthen further to meet future needs of both geoscience and nature conservation. In a changing world, there will continue to be a need for innovative geoscience supported by effective geoconservation. Those interested in conserving England’s geological heritage will need to engage the wider geoscience community more than ever to deliver a shared vision for the natural environment.  相似文献   

《地质论评》等获2016年度中国科协主管科技期刊审读优级期刊称号     

编辑部 《地质论评》2018,64(2):6402282-6402282

中国科协近期组织开展了2016年度中国科协主管期刊审读工作。中国科协主办或参与主办科技期刊1091种。本次审读共抽审206种期刊,其中72种期刊获得2016年度中国科协主管科技期刊审读“优”级期刊称号。中国地质学会所属期刊编辑部坚持办刊宗旨和编辑方针,严格执行编审制度,完善内部管理,出版质量不断提高。《地质学报》、《地质论评》、《矿床地质》、《岩石矿物学杂志》获2016年度中国科协主管科技期刊审读“优”级期刊称号。科技期刊审读主要是检查科技期刊的编校质量,内容主要是期刊是否严格执行国家标准、是否泄密、是否发生重大错漏（地质学期刊中的地图常易发生重大错漏）及是否规范用字等。  相似文献   

中国盐湖钾盐50年回顾与展望   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

宣之强 《盐湖研究》2000,8(1):58-62

从中国盐湖钾盐 5 0年回顾 ,充分阐述了中国盐湖资源多、大、富、全等特点 ,及科学家们取得的科技成果。针对中国盐湖钾盐综合利用和高值化开发 ,提出了几点建议。  相似文献   

人工影响天气研究工作的回顾与展望   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4  

王致君  刘黎平  龚乃虎 《高原气象》1999,18(3):361-367

概述了中国科学院兰州高原大气物理研究所人工影响天气研究工作的过去与现在的发展情况。该研究工作始于１９５８年,到现在已有４０年。主要研究工作可分为三个阶段, １９５８－１９６５年为第一阶段,主要开宫山人工融雪,人工增雨及人工防雹的研究。  相似文献