2018年秦皇岛风暴潮前后岸基站及浮标主要水质参数变化分析     

马方方  王刚  毕玉明  周秋伶  桓清柳 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(6):68-74

对2018年8月秦皇岛风暴潮期间3个入海口岸基站及邻近海域浮标的监测数据进行分析,结果显示:风暴潮导致入海口水体中COD、总磷、总氮和氨氮含量均明显升高;风暴潮2 d之后,3个入海口邻近海域均发生赤潮,此次赤潮的发生与风暴潮导致陆源入海污染物骤然大幅升高有关。此次风暴潮导致秦皇岛人造河口、大蒲河口和七里海3个岸基监测站的COD监测日均值最高分别达到15.83 mg/L、8.70 mg/L和7.92 mg/L,约升高至前期的2倍、1.5倍和2倍;人造河口总氮变化不大,大蒲河口和七里海总氮升高30%左右;大蒲河口总磷变化不大,人造河口总磷为前期的3.5倍,升高幅度最大,七里海总磷为风暴潮之前两日的2倍,但未超过前一周的最高浓度;风暴潮当天及第二天,人造河口、大蒲河口、七里海氨氮日均值陆续达到最高,分别为2.34 mg/L、1.11 mg/L和0.12 mg/L,分别为风暴潮前两日的7倍、3.5倍和10倍。风暴潮过后,入海口临近海域发生赤潮,浮标监测到叶绿素a最高值为76.4μg/L,pH和溶解氧也大幅升高。分析表明,此次风暴潮导致的入海口污染物突然大幅升高为风暴潮之后的赤潮发生提供了充足的营养基础。  相似文献   

海洋在线监测浮标在赤潮监测中的应用研究     

陈旭阳  刘保良 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(5):20-24

利用布设在广西区钦州湾的GX11、GX13两套实时在线监测浮标, 研究钦州湾2016年5月发生的红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)赤潮前后实时监测数据的变化情况。结果表明赤潮的暴发与消退受水文气象因素影响, 当寒流过后, 出现风速降低、气温迅速回升, 尤其是气温呈现昼夜温差小的天气状况时, 应重点监控实时在线浮标监测数据的变化。赤潮过程中pH、溶解氧浓度、叶绿素浓度存在明显的昼夜变化规律并高于正常范围, 三种环境要素具有显著的正相关; 当实时在线浮标监测中发现pH、溶解氧浓度、叶绿素浓度呈现较明显联动的强烈波动, 并且数值相对正常范围迅速升高时, 可进行赤潮预警及布置现场调查; pH、溶解氧浓度、叶绿素浓度的实时在线监测可作为预警环境要素, 为赤潮预警提供科学参考。  相似文献   

水下GPS系统的时间同步标定研究与试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秘金钟  章传银  高星伟  王泽民  蔡艳辉  程鹏飞  王权 《测绘科学》2007,32(3):36-37

本文从水下GPS系统的定位原理出发,阐述了时间同步的重要性。利用GPSRTK共视法,通过GPS接收机的1PPS时间同步和触发式时间同步的标定试验,证明了GPS接收机时间同步的精度可以达到几十个ns,可以作为水下定位的时间基准;同时对GPS浮标设计了全新的安置方式,实现了GPS浮标的时间同步标定,完成了GPS浮标的时间同步稳定性的试验,实现了GPS浮标相对钟差的高精度。  相似文献   

基于GNSS浮标和验潮资料的HY-2A卫星高度计绝对定标   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨磊  周兴华  王朝阳  梁冠辉  唐秋华  周东旭  雷宁  杨龙  穆博 《海洋学报》2017,39(1):111-120

为探测我国HY-2A卫星高度计海面高测量绝对偏差及其在轨运行状态,本文利用GNSS浮标星下点同步测量和验潮资料海面高传递方法在山东千里岩和珠海担杆岛海域开展定标研究。为验证GNSS浮标定标方法的准确性,还对国外卫星Jason-2和Saral进行了定标实验。实验表明GNSS浮标绝对海面高测量精度达2 cm,对Jason-2和Saral高度计多个周期定标得到的海面高偏差均值分别为5.7 cm和-2.3 cm,与国际专门定标场的结果符合较好。2014年9月和2015年5月HY-2A卫星高度计浮标定标结果分别是-65 cm和-91 cm,因两次结果差异显著,故又利用千里岩验潮站资料对HY-2A卫星高度计第56至73周期进行了定标分析,结果证明HY-2A卫星海面高存在约-51 cm/a的漂移,置信度为95%的回归分析表明浮标和验潮定标结果符合。本文研究结果表明在我国尚无专门定标场的情况下,可利用GNSS浮标对我国高度计实施灵活、精准的在轨绝对定标,在有高度计轨迹经过验潮站的情况下可使用验潮资料结合精密大地水准面模型进行绝对定标。  相似文献   

基于地磁与红外双模探测的海洋浮标预警系统设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵铁虎  齐君  阮大双 《海洋技术学报》2017,36(5):16-22

设计了一种基于地磁检测与红外感应相结合、可对浮标周围异常目标进行探测和预警的控制系统。系统采用芯片级的微型磁感线圈,以及高集成度、低功耗的数据采集与总线技术,通过探测船体磁性对地磁场的扰动,监测船舶对浮标的靠近;采用芯片级的热释电红外传感器,通过探测人体红外辐射,监测浮标在正常工作期间未知人员的入侵。系统的预警采用声光报警和图像远程传输相结合的方式,现场采集的图像数据经过压缩编码后通过无线数传电台发送至远程岸基监测站,实现海洋浮标的远程预警与现场取证功能。  相似文献   

Ibiza Absolute Calibration Experiment: Survey and Preliminary Results     

J. J. MARTINEZ-BENJAMIN  M. MARTINEZ-GARCIA  S. GONZALEZ LOPEZ  A. NUÑEZ ANDRES  F. BUILL POZUELO  M. ESPINO INFANTES 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3-4):657-681

Within the framework of a project comprising part of the Spanish Space Program related to the JASON-1 CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)/NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) mission, a campaign was conducted from June 9–17, 2003, on the Absolute Calibration Site of the island of Ibiza. The objective was to determine the local marine geoid slope under the ascending (187) and descending (248) Jason-1 ground tracks, in order to allow a better extrapolation of the open-ocean altimetric data with on-shore tide gauge locations, and thereby improve the overall precision of the calibration process. For this we have used a catamaran with two GPS antennas onboard, following the Corsica/Senetosa design (Bonnefond et al. 2003a Bonnefond, P., Exertier, P., Laurain, O., Menard, Y., Orsoni, A., Jeansou, E., Haines, B., Kubitschek, D. and Born, G. 2003a. Leveling Sea Surface using a GPS catamaran. Marine Geodesy, 26(3–4): 319–334. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Five GPS reference stations were deployed in order to reduce the distance between the areas covered by the catamaran and the fixed GPS receiver used in the kinematic process. The geodetic activities (e.g., GPS, leveling) have enabled the building of a very accurate (few mm) network in a reference frame compatible with the satellite altimetry missions (ITRF 2000). The GPS kinematic data were processed using two different software programmes, allowing checking of the consistency of the solutions. If the standard deviation of the differences (3.3 cm) is close to the kinematic process precision, they exhibit some large values (up to 14 cm). These large discrepancies have been reduced using a weighting based on the crossover differences. Inasmuch as the distances between the tide gauges and the areas covered by the GPS catamaran were becoming large, we have used the MOG2D ocean model (Carrère and Lyard 2003 Carrère, L. and Lyard, F. 2003. Modelling the barotropic response of the global ocean to atmospheric wind and pressure forcing—comparisons with observations. Geophys. Res. Letters, 30(6) [Google Scholar]) to correct the sea surface from tides. In the farthest areas, the crossover differences show an improvement by a factor of two. Finally, we also present preliminary results on Jason-1 altimeter calibration using the derived marine geoid. From this analysis, the altimeter bias is estimated to be 120 ± 5 mm. The quality of this first result validates the whole GPS-based marine geoid processing, for which the accuracy is estimated to be better than 3 cm rms at crossovers.  相似文献   

Determination of Ocean Wave Period from Altimeter Data Using Wave-Age Concept     

Jignesh Kshatriya  Abhijit Sarkar  Raj Kumar 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(1):71-79

This study makes use of the concept of wave age in estimating ocean wave period from space borne altimeter measurements of backscattering coefficient and significant wave height. Introduction of wave age allowed better accounting of the difference between swells and wind waves. Using two years (1998 and 1999) data of TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter and ocean data buoy observations in the Indian Ocean, coefficients were generated for wave period, which were subsequently tested against data for the years 2000 and 2001. The results showed the wave period accuracy to be of the order of 0.6 sec (against 1.3 sec obtained with the semiempirical approach, reported earlier).  相似文献   

Leveling the Sea Surface Using a GPS-Catamaran Special Issue: Jason-1 Calibration/Validation     

《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3-4):319-334

In the framework of the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 CNES-NASA missions, two probative experiments have been conducted at the Corsica absolute calibration site in order to determine the local marine geoid slope under the ascending TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 ground track (No. 85). An improved determination of the geoid slope was needed to better extrapolate the offshore (open-ocean) altimetric data to on-shore tide-gauge locations. This in turn improves the overall precision of the calibration process. The first experiment, in 1998, used GPS buoys. Because the time required to cover the extended area with GPS buoys was thought to be prohibitive, we decided to build a catamaran with two GPS systems onboard. Tracked by a boat at a constant speed, this innovative system permitted us to cover an area of about 20 km long and 5.4 km wide centered on the satellites' ground track. Results from an experiment in 1999 show very good consistency between GPS receivers: filtered sea-surface height differences have a mean bias of ?0.2 cm and a standard deviation of 1.2 cm. No systematic error or distortions have been observed and crossover differences have a mean value of 0.2 cm with a standard deviation of 2.7 cm. Comparisons with tide gauges data show a bias of 1.9 cm with a standard deviation of less than 0.5 cm. However, this bias, attributable in large part to the effect of the catamaran speed on the waterline, does not affect the geoid slope determination which is used in the altimeter calibration process. The GPS-deduced geoid slope was then incorporated in the altimeter calibration process, yielding a significant improvement (from 4.9 to 3.3 cm RMS) in the agreement of altimeter bias determinations from repeated overflight measurements.  相似文献   

北黄海QuikSCAT 卫星风速与浮标风速的对比分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘志亮  宋丽娜  王凡  白虹 《海洋科学》2012,36(3):1-7

对北黄海QuikSCAT散射计矢量风资料与黄海实测浮标站风速资料进行对比分析,结果表明:北黄海QuikSCAT卫星风速和浮标观测风速的大小基本吻合,二者平均偏差是0.26 m/s,相关系数是0.74;风向偏差较大,平均偏差是117.52°。根据卫星风速和浮标风速的对比分析结果,提出了修正方案。修正后的QuikSCAT风向与实测浮标站风向的平均偏差显著提高到20.44°。该修正方案实施简单,修正效果显著,为更准确地使用卫星资料提供了保证。  相似文献   

Analysis for the deployment of single-point mooring buoy system based on multi-body dynamics method     

常宗瑜  唐原广  李华军  杨建明  王磊 《中国海洋工程》2012,26(3):495-506

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