白云岩成因相关问题及主要形成模式   总被引：18，自引：5，他引：18  

张学丰  胡文瑄  张军涛 《地质科技情报》2006,25(5):32-40

在综述白云岩成因研究历程和最新成果的基础上,总结阐述了与之相关的4个方面的问题:①尽管白云岩原生沉淀与次生交代成因分歧依旧,但越来越多的证据表明白云岩的形成以次生交代为主;②白云石难以直接沉淀的原因是受结晶动力学条件制约,而非热力学因素;③控制次生交代强度和规模的关键条件是富Mg流体的来源及其量的大小;④微生物活动很可能有助于白云岩的形成。关于白云岩化模式,其核心是构建富Mg流体与先成钙质碳酸盐岩相互作用的条件与场所,其中浓缩正常海水模式、萨布哈模式、混合水模式和埋藏白云岩化模式等具有一定的普遍性。理清白云岩成因问题,对于认识以白云岩及其相关的碳酸盐岩为储层的油气勘探工作尤为重要。  相似文献   

新型白云岩珠核的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

童银洪  陈敬中 《岩石矿物学杂志》2007,26(3):280-284

筛选天然白云岩为原料,采用机械磨削和表面处理等工艺,制成新型珠核。这种珠核物化性质与现有贝、蚌壳珠核相近,具有颜色白、光泽强、外形圆和价格低廉等特点。研制和开发新型白云岩珠核,既能保护生物资源和生态环境,又能满足今后珍珠产业发展的需求。  相似文献   

Quantitative study of landscape patterns in homogenous carbonate rock distributed regions in Guizhou     

Qiu TAN Shijie WANG Yangbing LI 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):174-175

With the utilization of GIS software, research is conducted on （a） the characteristics of cells, fragmentation, and patch fractal of landscape based on homogenous carbonate rocks in Guizhou; （b） causes of the formation of these characteristics. It has been found that under the influence of lithology, the landscape of the study region as a whole shows consistency, yet embodies distinct diversity inside. The consistency is embodied in the following aspects： （a） the preponderant landscape consists of bushes and small woods; （b） secondary landscape is characteristic of forests and grounds covered with grass; （c） of all the patches making up the study area small patches are in the majority, with positive-skewed distribution of patches-as a result, steep peaks are characteristic of the charts showing the distribution of patches. The factor of scale is not taken into account in the study of patches. The shapes of patches tend to be regular with strong disturbances from human activities, and consequently, the values of fractal dimensions of landscape types tend to get smaller. The fragmentation of patches is more apparent in landscape under influence of human activities than the one without these disturbances. Compared with regions characteristic of homogenous dolomite, the characteristics of homogenous limestone areas are described as follows： （a） low utilization rate of water resource; （b） uneven distribution of diversified landscape; （c） weak resistance against disturbances from human activities; （d） the continuous degradation, ever-increasing fragmentation, intensification of spatial heterogeneity, and the deteriorating stability of landscape.  相似文献   

Flotation Separation of Trace Elements from Alkaline-Earth Matrices by Co(III) Hexamethylenedithiocarbamate before ICP-AES Determination     

Vesna Zajkova Paneva  Katarina Cundeva  Trajce Stafilov 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2007,31(1):51-60

A method for the selective separation of Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in traces from solutions of calcite (CaCO₃), dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂) and gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) before their determination by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is presented. The expected interferences of Ca and Mg on intensities of trace analytes were removed by collecting the elements of interest with cobalt(III) hexamethylenedithiocar-bamate, Co(HMDTC)₃. The flotation of aqueous solutions (1 l) of calcite, dolomite and gypsum was performed at pH 6.0, by 1.5 mg l⁻¹ Co and 0.6 mmol l⁻¹ HMDTC⁻. To minimise the effect of the reaction between Ca/Mg, which restrains the function of the surfactant, careful selection of the most suitable foaming reagent was necessary. The accuracy of the method was established by analysing natural alkaline-earth minerals by the standard addition method as well as using the dolomite reference materials GBW 07114 and GSJ JDo-1. The ICP-AES limits of detection following flotation on different minerals were found to be 0.080 μg g⁻¹ for Cd, 0.105 μg g⁻¹ for Ag, 0.142 μg g⁻¹ for Cu, 0.195 μg g⁻¹ for Cr, 0.212 μg g⁻¹ for Ni, 0.235 μg g⁻¹ for Zn and 0.450 μg g⁻¹ for Pb.  相似文献   

西藏羌塘盆地侏罗系白云岩储层中油砂资源评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周文  邓虎成  伊海生  李勇  谢润成  林家善 《矿物岩石》2007,27(4):85-91

西藏羌塘盆地是一个烃源岩发育厚度大、分布广的大型中生代海相沉积盆地,构造活动对早期形成的油气藏破坏和改造强烈,为油砂富集成矿提供了条件。通过对盆地中发现的隆鄂尼和昂达尔错两个矿点进行勘察。矿点油砂主要富集于中侏罗统布曲组,分析认为其形成和分布受燕山晚期形成的大型古隆起带的控制,早期形成的古油藏带在后期构造过程中遭受破坏和抬升,使顶部布曲组含油白云岩被抬升剥蚀风化形成现今的油砂矿。采用含油率法对油砂矿带进行了资源量的计算,结果表明两个矿带的油砂地质资源总量为93 099.76×104t。通过类比认为整个盆地油砂资源潜力巨大,可以成为油砂资源主要的勘探地区。  相似文献   

地层水条件下碳酸盐矿物热力学平衡条件及其在克拉2气田的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

刘建清  赖兴运  于炳松  陈晓林  隋成 《沉积学报》2006,24(5):636-640

基于热力学平衡理论及库车盆地的实际,建立了该区地层水温度、压力条件下方解石溶解、白云石对方解石交代作用的热力学平衡条件,并根据地层水介质特征探讨了该区方解石溶解、白云石交代方解石的具体成岩反应状况,认为该区地层水条件下正进行着方解石溶蚀及白云石对方解石的交代作用,方解石的溶蚀是形成该区深层次生孔隙的根本因素。   相似文献   

Rock composition and origin of the Duwi Formation calcareous rocks, Upper Egypt     

Baioumy H. M. Attia A. M. Boulis S. N. Hassan M. S. Helmy M. E. 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(4):316-326

Upper Cretaceous phosphorite beds of the Duwi Formation, Upper Egypt, are intercalated with limestone, sandy limestone, marl, calcareous shales, and calcareous sandstone. Calcareous intercalations were subjected to field and detailed petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical investigations in order to constrain their rock composition and origin. Mineralogically, dolomite, calcite, quartz, francolite and feldspars are the non-clay minerals. Smectite, kaolinite and illite represent the clay minerals. Major and trace elements can be classified as the detrital and carbonate fractions based on their sources. The detrital fraction includes the elements that are derived from detrital sources, mainly clay minerals and quartz, such as Si, Al, Fe, Ti, K, Ba, V, Ni, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu, Zr, and Mo. The carbonate fraction includes the elements that are derived from carbonates, maily calcite and dolomite, such as Ca, Mg and Sr. Dolomite occurs as being dense, uniform, mosaic, very fine-to-fine, non-ferroan, and non-stoichiometrical, suggesting its early diagenetic formation in a near-shore oxidizing shallow marine environment. The close association and positive correlation between dolomite and smectite indicates the role of clay minerals in the formation of dolomite as a source of Mg^2＋ -rich solutions. Calcareous rocks were deposited in marine, oxidizing and weakly alkaline conditions, marking a semi-arid climatic period. The calcareous/argillaceous alternations are due to oscillations in clay/carbonate ratio.  相似文献   

Zebra dolomitization as a result of focused fluid flow in the Rocky Mountains Fold and Thrust Belt, Canada   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

VEERLE VANDEGINSTE  RUDY SWENNEN  SARAH A. GLEESON†  ROB M. ELLAM‡  KIRK OSADETZ§  FRANÇOIS ROURE¶ 《Sedimentology》2005,52(5):1067-1095

Discordant zebra dolomite bodies occur locally in the Middle Cambrian Cathedral and Eldon Formations of the Main Ranges of the Canadian Rocky Mountains Fold and Thrust Belt. They are characterized by alternating dark grey (a) and white (b) bands, forming an ‘abba’ diagenetic cyclicity. These bands developed parallel to both bedding and cleavage. Dark grey (a) bands consist of fine (< 300 μm) non-planar crystalline impure dolomite. The white (b) bands are composed of coarse (up to several millimetres) milky-white pure saddle dolomites (b1) which are often covered by pore-lining zoned dolomite (b2). The b phases often possess a saddle-shaped morphology. In contrast to the replacement origin of the a dolomite, the zoned b2 dolomite rims are interpreted as a cement formed in open cavities. The b1 dolomite is interpreted as the result of recrystallization with diagenetic leaching of non-carbonate components. All the zebra dolomites studied are (nearly) stoichiometric and are characterized by enriched Na and depleted Sr concentrations. Fe and Mn concentrations in these dolomites differ depending on the sample locality. Fluid inclusion data indicate that the dolomites formed from relatively hot (T_H = 130–200 °C), saline (20–23 wt% CaCl₂ eq.) fluids. A diagenetic high temperature origin is also supported by depleted δ¹⁸O values (−20 to −14‰ VPDB). A contribution of ⁸⁷Sr-enriched fluids is reflected in the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values (0·7091–0·7123). Zebra dolomite development is explained by focused fluid flow, which exploited areas of structural weaknesses (e.g. basin-platform, rim areas, faults, etc.). Expulsion of hot basinal brines in a tectonically active regime generated overpressures, which explains the development of secondary porosity during zebra dolomitization as well as the intra-zebra fracturing at decimetre to micrometre scale.  相似文献   

Constraints on Cation Order in Calcium-rich Sedimentary Dolomite   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Richard J. Reeder 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2000,6(2):213-226

Most sedimentary Ca-rich dolomite in pre-Holocenerocks is known to exhibit a fine-scale modulation inTEM images, reflecting a domain structure of which onecomponent is a low-symmetry variant of dolomite. Thevarious structural models proposed for thelow-symmetry component involve Ca–Mg order patternsthat are different from that in dolomite. Caution istherefore required for interpretation of X-raydiffraction data, which average over the entirestructure. The average structures of two Ca-richdolomites having a structural modulation are refinedusing single-crystal intensity data. The resultsindicate a poor fit using a dolomite model, which isconsistent with the findings from TEM and electrondiffraction indicating that one component of thedomain structure is different than dolomite. Resultsalso indicate that average model A and B cation siteshave mixed Ca–Mg occupancy, which provides someconstraints on possible models for the low-symmetrydomains.  相似文献   

赣南东部银坑-青塘地区上施组硅质白云岩特征及其找矿意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高贵荣  庄贤贵  曾载淋 《江西地质》2000,14(4):266-270

在赣南东部银坑－－青塘地区广泛分布晚元古代地层,近年普查找矿发现青白口纪上施组地层有两层典型硅质白云岩层,该白云岩层层位稳定,特征明显,并与本地区的铅锌矿床关系密切。本文主要从硅质白云岩层和层控铅锌矿床的一些基本特征入手,阐述了它们之间的相互关系,明确指出上施组硅质白云岩层对寻找富铅锌矿床具重要的意义。  相似文献