Preparation of Cationic Chitosan-Polyacrylamide Flocculant and Its Properties in Wastewater Treatment     

WANG Ben  ZHANG Yulian  MIAO Chunbao 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,(1):42-46

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高分子材料SH固沙性能与微结构相关性研究     

和法国  谌文武  韩文峰  张景科 《岩土力学》2009,30(12):3803-3807

SH作为一种环保型、节约型有机高分子固化材料,用于沙漠治理具有广阔的应用前景。采用不同浓度SH、不同加固方式对沙体进行加固,加固后沙体微结构会发生变化,其物理力学性能也会出现显著变化。通过图形处理软件对固化后沙体的SEM图像进行计算分析;利用多元逐步回归分析方法对其性能参数与微结构参数之间的相关性进行计算,并对其相关性进行分析评价。计算结果表明,二者之间存在着良好的相关关系,各向异性、等效直径、扁圆度、充填比和面积比是对固化沙土力学性质影响较为显著的5个微结构参数。从微观角度证明了SH是一种较为理想的高分子固沙材料。  相似文献   

高分子材料固化滨海盐渍土的强度与微结构研究   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

柴寿喜  王沛  韩文峰  李芳  魏丽  王晓燕 《岩土力学》2007,28(6):1067-1072

高分子材料SH固土剂与生石灰粉共同固化滨海盐渍土具有很高的抗压强度、抗拉强度和水稳性。由于SH固土剂对土颗粒的包裹作用及在土颗粒间和孔隙内形成的丝网状联接结构,使得固化土的强度和水稳性较单一石灰固化土提高很多,正弦波压缩疲劳作用降低了固化土的抗压强度。在一定的荷载值及幅值条件下,随疲劳次数的增加,抗压强度下降。30×103疲劳次数是强度下降的另一个起始点。固化土的微结构形貌照片显示,SH固土剂在两周固化龄期时形成了稳固的丝网状联接结构,四周龄期时结构已相当稳定。浸水后丝网状联接结构依然存在,表明SH固土剂的固化反应具有不可逆性。  相似文献   

焦磷酸根在即时合成阴离子粘土结构中的嵌入作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈天虎  谌香秀  樊明德  陈岗  孙捷 《矿物岩石》2005,25(3):105-108

污染物在矿物结构中的嵌入是固化、净化污染物的一种有前景的矿物学方法。焦磷酸根离子是工业废水中较难处理的工业磷污染源之一,研究新的除磷技术是水污染控制技术领域的重要课题之一。通过人工配制焦磷酸盐废水,初步研究镁一铝盐水解共沉淀法即时合成阴离子粘土去除焦磷酸根的效果、影响因素和焦磷酸根离子在阴离子粘土结构中的嵌入作用。研究结果表明,通过镁一铝盐水解共沉淀法即时合成阴离子粘土,焦磷酸根离子有效地嵌入阴离子粘土结构中,对焦磷酸根有非常好的去除效果。影响处理效果的主要因素是pH值和Mg／Al比值。pH值为9．0～10,Mg／Al比1：1～3：1时,都可以获得较好的去除效果。  相似文献   

羌塘盆地羌资-14井钻探施工技术          下载免费PDF全文

翟育峰  仲崇龙  刘峰 《探矿工程》2016,43(7):92-95

羌资-14井地质浅钻工程为地质参数井,设计井深1200 m,要求全井取心。存在破碎地层取心困难、钻遇小型“溶洞”地层漏失、冬季施工困难等问题。此外,井位高海拔无人环境也给施工后勤供应带来难度。通过采取特种取心工具、水泥灌浆封孔堵漏、加热电阻丝包裹吸水管加热等工艺技术措施以及针对性的施工组管理措施,有效地解决了钻井技术难题和后勤供应问题。为该区域及类似区域油气地质调查钻井施工提供了参考。  相似文献   

Occurrence and ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton in Kenya's marine environment: first documented evidence     

C Kosore  L Ojwang  J Maghanga  J Kamau  A Kimeli  J Omukoto 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(3):225-234

Microplastics can be ingested by marine organisms and may lead to negative impacts at the base of marine food chains. This study investigated the occurrence and composition of microplastics in the sea-surface water and sought evidence of ingestion by zooplankton. Surface seawater was collected using a stainless-steel bucket and sieved directly through a stainless-steel sieve (250-µm mesh), while a 500-μm mesh net was towed horizontally to collect zooplankton, at 11 georeferenced stations off the Kenyan coast in February 2017, on board the national research vessel RV Mtafiti. Microplastic particles were sorted and characterised using an Optika dissecting microscope. Polymer types were identified using an ALPHA Platinum attenuated total reflection—Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer. A total of 149 microplastic particles, with an average abundance of 110 particles m^–3, were found in the surface seawater. A total of 129 particles were found ingested by zooplankton groups, where Chaetognatha, Copepoda, Amphipoda and fish larvae ingested 0.46, 0.33, 0.22 and 0.16 particles ind.^–1, respectively. Filaments dominated both the surface-water microplastics and the ingested microplastics, contributing 76% and 97% to those compositions, respectively. White particles were prevalent in the water (51%), whereas black was the colour found most commonly (42%) across the zooplankton groups. The sizes of particles that were in the water were in the range of 0.25–2.4 mm, and those ingested ranged between 0.01 and 1.6 mm. Polypropylene was predominant in the surface water, whereas low-density polyethylene was the most-ingested polymer type. The results provide the first documented evidence of the occurrence, composition and ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton in Kenya's marine environment, indicating that microplastics have the potential to enter pelagic food webs and cause pollution in the study area.  相似文献   

埕北油田聚合物的筛选与性能评价     

刘义刚  ;山金城  ;卢祥国  ;赵兰兰 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(2):38-41

埕北油田具有原油黏度高、油层渗透能力强和非均质性严重等特点,水驱开发效果差,剩余油储量大。目前,埕北油田综合含水90%,采出程度30%左右,而生产平台工作时间已达到设计使用寿命,急需高效、快速的开发技术。针对埕北油藏地质、流体性质和开发现状,利用室内仪器检测和理论分析方法,开展了聚合物筛选和聚合物性能评价,利用模糊综合评判方法对聚合物进行了优选,推荐使用中国石油大庆炼化公司生产＂抗盐＂和＂超高＂部分水解聚丙烯酰胺。  相似文献   

Experimental study on low temperature performance of polymer drilling mud agents     

ZHAN Jiajia  XU Huiwen  CAI Hongliang .College of Construction Engineering  Jilin University  Changchun  China .China Water Northeastern Investigation Design  Research Co.Ltd  Changchun  China 《东北亚地学研究》2009,12(1):32-35

Drilling fluid additives has a major impact on rheology behavior and other performances of the drilling fluid. The key to low temperature drilling fluids is choosing antifreeze and polymer agent which have a strong ability in resisting low temperature. On the basis of determining glycol as antifreeze agent, the low-temperatureperformance and capacities of anti-collapse of regular validity mud agents have been studied, the mechanism of anti-caving of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide （PHPA）, polypropylene potassium （KPA） and PAC-141 polymer additives have been also analyzed. A pilot study of compatibility between ethylene glycol and the polymers has educed that the polymers, ethylene glycol and inorganic salt are compatible, and they can significantly reduce the freezing point of drilling fluid. Anti-collapse ability of the drilling mud is the results of synergistic action among the agents.  相似文献   

近十年国内钻井液降粘剂研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

庞少聪  安玉秀  马京缘 《探矿工程》2022,49(1):96-103

随着能源消费持续升高,常规资源无法满足日常需求,进行深井钻探显得尤为重要。然而,井底深部高温带来的钻井液粘度增加、流变性变差等问题,致使降粘剂成为不可缺少的钻井液处理剂之一。降粘剂主要通过拆散或阻拦粘土颗粒间形成网架结构,从而达到降低钻井液粘度、改善流变性的目的。结合相关研究文献,综述近十年来国内钻井液降粘剂的研究现状,介绍了3大类降粘剂：合成聚合物类、改性天然材料类、利用工业废料制备降粘剂。针对目前存在的问题,指出未来应从分子结构设计层面研发低成本、环保、适用于高温高盐高密度钻井液的降粘剂,同时注重工业废料的利用,积极与现场应用相结合加快成果转化。近年来,合成聚合物类降粘剂研究量居多、发展最迅速,本文着重介绍了此类降粘剂的发展现状及应用前景。  相似文献   

疏水性有机高分子材料表面亲水性改善研究及应用现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张静  李蘅  肖筱瑜 《矿产与地质》2003,17(1):87-89

系统介绍了改善疏水性有机高分子材料表面亲水性的物理和化学方法，简要讲述了现阶段改性疏水性有机高分子材料的用途及前景。  相似文献