中国海帮斗蛤科一新种——中华帮斗蛤     

徐凤山 《海洋与湖沼》1992,23(3):285-287

在1985年进行长江口调查时,采到了数个双壳类标本,经鉴定认为系帮斗蛤科一新种——中华帮斗蛤Pandora(Frenamya)sinica sp. nov.。新种左壳前主齿和中主齿为一横向的隔板相连结。右壳中主齿发达,后主齿短小。模式标本保存于中国科学院海洋研究所内。  相似文献   

Adriatic ‘opisthobranchs’ (Gastropoda,Heterobranchia): shedding light on biodiversity issues          下载免费PDF全文

Argyro Zenetos  Vesna Mačić  Andrej Jaklin  Lovrenc Lipej  Dimitris Poursanidis  Riccardo Cattaneo‐Vietti  Sajmir Beqiraj  Federico Betti  Diego Poloniato  Lefter Kashta  Stelios Katsanevakis  Fabio Crocetta 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(6):1239-1255

We herein review the Adriatic opisthobranch fauna, provide an updated checklist of 223 species and assess their distribution at regional and country levels. New Adriatic records are provided for 67 opisthobranch taxa, adding three new records for the Italian coastline, five new records for Albania, eight for Croatia and 15 for Montenegro. The presence of Hermaea bifida (Montagu, 1815), Hermaea variopicta (Costa A., 1869) and Facelina annulicornis (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821) is reported for the first time from anywhere in the Adriatic Sea. Including the new findings, our inventory includes 28 species from Albania, 163 from Croatia, 178 from the Italian coastline of the Adriatic, 41 from Montenegro and 74 from Slovenia. No records were available from Bosnia and Hercegovina. Ninety species (40.4%) are widespread, and were recorded from all three main divisions (Northern, Western and Eastern Adriatic), whilst 79 species (35.4%) were reported from only one of them. At sub‐division levels, the Albanian inventory is the most dissimilar to the other country/regional lists, presumably because of the lack of targeted field surveys. The highest similarity is observed amongst the Western Adriatic, Croatia and the Italian Ionian coastline. Seven alien, one possible alien and three cryptogenic opisthobranchs were reliably recorded from the Adriatic Sea. The first Mediterranean records of five species were in the Adriatic Sea, of which four species have not been found elsewhere in the Mediterranean. Shipping and aquaculture are the probable pathways for most of the alien species. A steady rate of one to two alien introductions per decade since the 1970s was evident. The Northern Adriatic coasts are the most affected by alien invasions, probably due to repeated local introductions along with shellfish transfers (oysters, mussels, Manila clams), and heavy maritime transport.  相似文献   

Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) as bioturbators in neritic habitats: an insight through the analysis of benthic molluscs in the diet     

Bojan Lazar  Romana Gračan  Jelena Katić  Dušan Zavodnik  Andrej Jaklin  Nikola Tvrtković 《Marine Ecology》2011,32(1):65-74

Molluscs are a diverse and ubiquitous group of organisms which contribute to the formation of biogenic sediments and are one of the major prey taxa for the neritic‐stage loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) worldwide. Here we investigated to what degree molluscs contribute to the diet of individual turtles, and what role the feeding strategy of loggerheads might play in bioturbation, one of the key processes in nutrient transport in marine ecosystems. We performed a detailed analysis of benthic molluscs from the digestive tracts of 62 loggerhead sea turtles (curved carapace length: 25.0–85.4 cm) found in the Northern Adriatic Sea. From 50 of the turtles that contained benthic molluscs, we identified 87 species representing 40 families and three classes (Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Scaphopoda), including 72 new dietary records for loggerhead turtle. Most of the identified molluscs were small‐sized species (shell length ≤ 3 cm) and were often found in a subfossil condition. Their intake may be considered a byproduct of infaunal mining, while larger molluscs were mainly found crushed into smaller fragments. Through such foraging behaviour loggerheads actively rework sediments, increase the surface area of shells and the rate of shells disintegration, acting as bioturbators in this system. We conservatively estimate that loggerheads in the neritic zone of the Adriatic Sea bioturbate about 33 tonnes of mollusc shells per year, and hypothesize about the possible effects of bioturbation reduction on environmental changes in the Northern Adriatic ecosystem.  相似文献   

Identifying outliers and assessing the accuracy of amino acid racemization measurements for geochronology: II. Data screening   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Matthew A. Kosnik  Darrell S. Kaufman   《Quaternary Geochronology》2008,3(4):328-341

Amino acid racemization (AAR) is a cost-effective method for dating the large numbers of specimens required for time-averaging studies. Because the aim of time-averaging studies is to determine the structure of the age distribution, any data screening must be done cautiously and systematically. Methods to quantitatively assess the quality of AAR data and to identify aberrant specimens are under-developed. Here we examine a variety of screening criteria for identifying outliers and determining the suitability of specimens for numerical dating including: high serine concentrations (modern contamination), covariance of aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) concentrations (diagenetic influences), replication of measurements (specimen heterogeneity), and the relation between Asp and Glu d/l values (internal consistency). This study is based on AAR analyses of 481 late Holocene shells of four molluscan taxa (Ethalia, Natica, Tellina, and Turbo) collected from shallow sediment cores from the central Great Barrier Reef. Different outliers are flagged by the different screening criteria, and 6% of specimens were found to be unsuitable for time-averaging analyses based on screening the raw AAR data. We recommend a hybrid approach for identifying outliers and specimens for numerical dating.  相似文献   

Continental shelf benthos off Otago Peninsula,New Zealand     

P. Keith Probert  John B. Wilson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,19(3):373-391

Benthic macrofauna of the continental shelf off Otago Peninsula, south-eastern New Zealand (45°51′S, 170°52′E) was surveyed by dredge sampling during 1973–1975. Numerical classification (Canberra metric coefficient and flexible sorting) was used to produce site groups and species groups, and three major benthic communities were recognised: a shallow-water (14–25 m) fauna inhabiting well-sorted fine sand, a mid-shelf fauna (concentrated in the depth range 50–76 m) associated with sediments containing the greatest proportions of gravel and siltclay, and a predominantly sand-bottom fauna occurring mainly on the outer shelf (87–150 m). All station groups were dominated numerically by polychaetes (mean of 36·6–56% of individuals) with Mollusca (13·8–25%) or Crustacea (12·1–19·4%) the next most abundant group.The inshore sand fauna was the most distinct, characteristic elements being the trochid gastropod Antisolarium egenum, an amphipod of the genus Hippomedon and dense patches of the spionid polychaete Spiophanes bombyx. Diagnostic species of the mid-shelf mixed sediments were Lepidonotus jacksoni, Psammolyce antipoda, Lumbrineris brevicirra and Phyllamphicteis foliata (Polychaeta), Terenochiton otagoensis, Micrelenchus caelatus caelatus, Maoricolpus roseus roseus and Zegalerus tenuis (Mollusca), Ampelisca chiltoni (Amphipoda) and Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea). Outer shelf sand stations were faunally less distinct, but among the more characteristic species were Euthalenessa fimbriata, Sigalion sp. and Euchone sp. (Polychaeta) and Gari stangeri (Bivalvia). Several abundant species were widely distributed among station groups, notably Nephtys macroura, Lumbrineris magalhaensis, Phyllochaetopterus socialis and Owenia fusiformis (Polychaeta) and Nucula nitidula and Tawera spissa (Bivalvia).Free-living lunulitiform Bryozoa of the genus Otionella were a characteristic component of inner and outer shelf sand faunas, and their inshore penetration probably marks the outer limit of a turbulent zone.Species diversity (Margalef's d) varied markedly across the shelf and appeared to be related primarily to the degree of sediment heterogeneity. Mixed sediments of the middle shelf were particularly rich in species.  相似文献   

Flying high: on the airborne dispersal of aquatic organisms as illustrated by the distribution histories of the gastropod genera Tryonia and Planorbarius     

Wesselingh  F.P.  Cadée  G.C.  Renema  W. 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1999,78(2):165-174

The actual and fossil distribution patterns of the aquatic gastropod genera Tryonia and Planorbarius indicate that avian dispersal was an important dispersal mechanism in the geological past. Combining the distribution histories of these genera with ecological data on modern relatives provides insights into the process of dispersal of aquatic taxa in general. Avian dispersal of aquatic taxa is facilitated by a variety of factors, including mass occurrence in resting/foraging places of migrating birds, ways to attach to the birds and to overcome desiccation during flight, as well as easy reproduction from a single specimen when introduced into a new habitat. The uncertain taxonomical status of aquatic organisms, as well as biased preservation and sampling, provide serious drawbacks for understanding the importance of aerial dispersal.  相似文献   

贵州陆生贝类物种多样性及地理分布     

李兆锋  李柏株  汤晓辛  郭云海  乙引 《热带地理》2022,42(4):685-692

基于已有的贵州陆生贝类标本数据,结合2019年7月至2020年12月对贵阳、荔波和习水等地的调查结果,整理得出贵州陆生贝类2亚纲4目20科76属316种及亚种（含13个未定种）。从种类组成看,贵州陆生贝类以环口螺科（Cyclophoridae）种类最丰富,有16属71种;巴蜗牛科（Bradybaenidae）次之,有15属61种;树螺科（Helicinidae）和槲果螺科（Cochlicopidae）均为1属1种;优势种为洞穴恰里螺（Kaliella cavicola）、同型巴蜗牛（Bradybaena similaris）、弯倍唇螺（Diplommatina herziana）、缝合倍唇螺（Diplommatina consularis）、矮小双边凹螺（Chamalycaeus nanus）和假穴环肋螺（Plectotropis pseudopatula）。从分布上看,贵州陆生贝类以黔中中亚热带湿润溶丘山原区种类最为丰富,有17科54属170种;黔南中亚热带湿润山原斜坡中低山区和黔西南亚热带半湿润丘原中山区次之,分别有18科56属152种、17科57属150种;黔东温热湿润中低山丘陵区最少,仅有10科18属27种。贵州省不同区域物种相似性分析表明,黔南中亚热带湿润山原斜坡中低山区、黔北中亚热带湿润山原斜坡中低山区、黔西南亚热带半湿润丘原中山区陆生贝类物种组成比较相似,黔东温热湿润中低山丘陵区与其他区域种类组成相差较远。  相似文献   

Decline of the Jakarta Bay molluscan fauna linked to human impact     

Sancia E.T. van der Meij  Robert G. Moolenbeek  Bert W. Hoeksema 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,59(4-7):101

In 1937/38 representative mollusc collections were made in Jakarta Bay (West Java, Indonesia). New data from here and the adjacent offshore Thousand Islands archipelago (Kepulauan Seribu) became available in 2005. Although collecting efforts and sampling methods differed, a comparison of the molluscan fauna of Jakarta Bay between 1937/38 and 2005 reveals a distinct deterioration. From 1937 to 2005, Jakarta Bay received increasing amounts of sewage from the greater Jakarta area, as well as increased sediment input from the deforested West Java hinterland. Predatory gastropods and numerous mollusc species associated with carbonate (reef) substrate have vanished from Jakarta Bay, among which many edible species.  相似文献   

太湖软体动物现存量及空间分布格局(2006-2007年)   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

蔡永久  龚志军  秦伯强 《湖泊科学》2009,21(5):713-719

2006年11月至2007年10月对太湖软体动物进行了一周年调查,软体动物在30个采样点的出现率为90.0%,采集的232份样品中共记录到9科12属12种,软体动物在分布区的年均密度和生物量分别为266ind./m2、102.2g/m2,河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)和铜锈环棱螺(Bettamya aeruginosa)是太湖软体动物的优势种,河蚬的出现率为90.0%,年均密度和生物量分别为174ind./m2、58.3g/m2,其主要分布在西南湖区(393-896ind./m2)和贡湖湾(393-552ind./m2);铜锈环棱螺的出现率为56.7%,年均密度和生物量分别为58ind./m2.61.6g,m2,主要分布在东太湖(140-299ind./m2).主成分分析结果表明,河蚬空间分布格局取决于生境类型和底质性质,而螺类的分布与水生植物的分布相一致,说明水生植物对螺类的分布有重要影响,这与经典的螺一草互惠理论相一致,比较1987-2006年太湖软体动物群落结构变化发现,20年来河蚬的高值区域已由梅梁湾、竺山湾转变为大太湖,河蚬个体大小趋于小型化发展(P＜0.001),而环棱螺小型化趋势并不显著(P=0.051).  相似文献   

中国海滑蛤属Liocyma(双壳纲:帘蛤科)一新种          下载免费PDF全文

张爱君  徐凤山  冷宇 《海洋与湖沼》2010,41(5):796-798

滑蛤属至今已发现的种都分布于北半球,这些种类都是冷水种。新种Liocyma chinensis是一个温水种,采自渤海莱州湾,这是滑蛤属在亚洲大陆最南的分布界线。新种的发现,增加了黄、渤海动物区系中的冷水性因素。  相似文献