Human-induced change in sedimentary trace metals and phosphorus in Chaohu Lake,China, over the past half-millennium     

Enfeng Liu  Ji Shen  Gavin F. Birch  Xiangdong Yang  Yanhong Wu  Bin Xue 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2012,47(4):677-691

We present a sedimentary geochemical record of human perturbation in the watershed and related changes in trace metals (Cr, Ni, Zn and Pb), phosphorus and abundant rock-forming elements (Al, Fe, K, Mg, etc.) in Chaohu Lake over the past 500 years, a period spanning historical agricultural expansion and modern economic development. The record exhibited a stable terrestrial detrital input to Chaohu Lake before ca. 1540 AD, a period with less human perturbation of the watershed, which resulted in low and constant values of trace metals and phosphorus (TP) concentrations as well as Al, Fe, K, Mg, fine silt (<16 μm), the chemical index of alteration (CIA) and K/Na ratio. Two periods of successive marked increases in Al, Fe, K, Mg, fine silt, chemical index of alteration (CIA) and K/Na ratio occurred after ca. 1540 AD and 1950 AD. The former period apparently resulted from enhanced well-weathered topsoil erosion in the watershed related to the expansion of arable land, and the latter resulted from further enhancement of human perturbation in the watershed during the modern period. Concentrations of trace metals and TP were positively correlated with that of the rock-forming elements and fine silt. Trace metal pollution was limited during 1540–1950 AD, according to the low enrichment factors (EFs = 0.8–1.1), when an increase in trace metal concentrations was also linked to changes in detrital input. In addition to detrital regulation, pollution also contributed to an increase in TP concentrations (average EF 1.4) during 1540–1950 AD and the average accumulation rate of anthropogenic phosphorus was 87.3 mg m⁻² a⁻¹. Anthropogenic phosphorus increased further and Pb and Zn pollution also occurred after 1950 AD, reaching maximum values after 1980 AD, when the average accumulation rates of anthropogenic Zn, Pb and phosphorus (mainly in the form of NaOH-P) were 242.2, 43.3 and 811.8 mg m⁻² a⁻¹, respectively. The increase in phosphorus pollution in recent decades is probably from the domestic sewage sources of Hefei City and non-point sources related to agricultural utilization of commercial fertilizer, whereas Zn and Pb pollution is probably derived mainly from industrial sources of Hefei City, as deduced from their spatial variations in the sediments of the river mouths.  相似文献   

高原地区雷暴过程地面电场变化特征分析     

邹事钢  郝俊平  刘佳  张向东  李丹  刘晋联  陈志峰 《山西气象》2010,(2):33-36

高原地区是我国雷暴天气多发区之一。通过对大气电场仪所测得雷电过程地面电场变化特征的分析有助于了解这一地区的雷暴特征,对认识该地区雷暴过程特征有一定的参考价值。对雷暴过程初期的地面电场波形变化的曲线拟合,总结出了共同的特征,为地面电场资料在雷电预警预报中的应用提供了参考价值。对雷暴过程地面电场资料的特征分析以及预报方面的研究都是很有现实意义的。  相似文献   

砖木、砖石结构建筑闪电分流系数研究     

邹事钢  祁永辉  李丹  孙少雄  张向东  郝玲英  张贞贞 《山西气象》2010,(4):27-31

随着经济的发展,我国对高层建筑,以及智能建筑物的防雷很重视,具体的防雷措施也做的很到位.但相对于一些古建筑物来说,特别是砖木,砖石结构建筑,在防雷方面却没有引起足够的重视,现阶段能够大量保存的砖木、砖石结构建筑大部分都是具有重要历史、艺术、科学价值的革命遗址、纪念建筑物、古文化遗址、古城址、古窑址、古墓葬、古建筑、石窟寺、古民居、石刻等文物,因此对这些建筑的防雷措施应该更加重视.本文做了关于砖木、砖石结构建筑闪电分流系数研究,仅供参考,希望对砖木、砖石建筑物雷电防护工作起到一定的作用.  相似文献   

滇西区域构造应力场分析     

林向东  赵亮  袁怀玉  吴朋  武敏捷  叶泵  赵桂儒  孙海霞  杨选  侯丽娟 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(2):166-167

  相似文献   

阿尔金南缘冰沟南组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其前寒武纪构造演化意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

曾忠诚  边小卫  赵江林  刘向东  张若愚  李琦  何元方  菅坤坤 《地质论评》2019,65(1):103-118

在阿尔金南缘玉苏普阿勒克塔格北侧出露的冰沟组火山岩为一套与滨浅海相细粒陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩共生的中基性火山岩,主要岩石类型有蚀变熔结凝灰岩、安山质凝灰熔岩和强蚀变玄武安山岩。该火山岩作为Columbia超大陆裂解阶段的物质记录,对其年代学和产出的地质构造背景的探讨,有助于探讨阿尔金南缘前寒武纪构造演化过程。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究结果显示,强蚀变玄武安山岩样品具有两组锆石年龄,第一组年龄分别为944. 7±6. 4 Ma(n=8,MSWD=0. 057)和951. 2±6. 3 Ma(n=12,MSWD=0. 042),测点位于锆石震荡环带上,显示了典型的岩浆锆石的特征,代表火山岩的形成时代,属青白口纪早期;第二组年龄介于446±5～458±4Ma,与区域高压—超高压岩石的原岩的退变质时代(～450 Ma)一致,可能代表受该期陆壳深俯冲/折返事件改造。另外,228±6 Ma、229±4 Ma和130±1 Ma的年龄信息,可能代表火山岩还遭受了晚三叠世和早白垩世构造热事件改造。构造背景分析表明,该火山岩形成于板内裂谷环境,对应于Columbia超大陆裂解阶段的晚期,之后索尔库里群沉积盆地由拉张转换到汇聚的构造背景,转为Rodinia超大陆汇聚阶段。结合区域地质特征和该火山岩年龄信息,进一步制约了阿尔金南缘Columbia超大陆裂解和Rodinia超大陆汇聚的时限分别为945～1602 Ma和871～945 Ma。  相似文献   

Rock Mass Characteristics in Beishan, A Preselected Area for China’s High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal     

WEI Xiang  GUO Ying  CHENG Hanlie  MENG Xiangdong  CHENG Mingqian  YANG Ting  XU Chunmei 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(2):362-372

Geological and hydrological characteristics, joint geometric features, rock physical and mechanical properties and rock mass quality are studied in the Beishan area, preselected for China’s high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal engineering. A comprehensive survey method is developed to study joint geometric features in the outcrop and samples from borehole BS06 into the Xinchang rock mass were tested. The optimal joint sets are determined by rose diagrams and equal-area lower hemisphere plots of joint poles. Results show that: 1) the distribution of joint occurrence obeys a normal distribution, while the distribution of joint spacing obeys a negative exponential distribution; 2) concentric circular and tangent circular sampling windows are applied to study the trace length and the trace midpoint density. Results indicate that tangent circular sampling window is more stable and reasonable; 3) Beishan granite shows high density, low porosity and high strength based on many laboratory tests and the physical properties and mechanical properties are closely related; and 4) a synthesis index, Joint Structure Rating (JSR), is applied to evaluate the quality of rock mass. Through the research results of rock mass characteristics, the Xinchang rock mass in the Beishan preselected area has the favorable conditions for China’s HLW disposal repository site.  相似文献   

袖阀管注浆在人工填土暗挖施工中的应用     

夏向东  张丹 《岩土工程技术》2019,(4):218-221

阜石路分洪暗涵某暗挖段,浅涵暗挖洞身大部位于人工填土内,部分区域洞底人工填土厚度仍达2m。人工填土松散,自稳能力差,易发生塌落现象,不易成洞,施工难度大。为避免暗挖施工期间人工填土产生安全隐患并减少后期隧道变形,采用了袖阀管注浆技术对填土地层进行注浆加固,以确保工程施工安全及隧道工程质量&根据工程实施效果可见,袖阀管注浆加固对在人工填土中进行暗挖隧道开挖的沉降、变形控制的效果较好。  相似文献   

绿色金融影响下中国污染性产业技术创新及其空间差异     

朱向东  黄永源  朱晟君  黄海峰 《地理科学》2021,41(5):777-787

基于2015—2018年中国335个地级以上城市,使用面板数据模型剖析绿色金融对污染性产业的技术效应,探讨其与环境规制、研发投入的交互作用,区分不同产业类型,厘清绿色金融技术效应的空间差异。结果表明：绿色金融能够在不同区域促成污染性重工业和轻工业技术创新;绿色金融与环境规制协同互补,并且这种协同对轻工业更有效,在中西部地区更突出;对于污染性轻工业,绿色金融通过提升研发投入激励技术创新的现象广泛存在,而污染性重工业仅在西部地区出现类似现象。绿色金融的技术效应呈现轻工业强于重工业,西部地区优于中部和东部地区的特征,结合中国环境治理与科技创新现实,绿色金融与环境和科技政策有望相互增益。  相似文献   

绿色金融如何影响中国城市环境污染？——以雾霾污染为例     

朱向东  朱晟君  黄永源  黄海峰 《热带地理》2021,41(1):55-66

文章将绿色金融纳入环境规制的分析框架,以2016－2019年中国289个地级以上城市雾霾污染为例,使用空间杜宾模型探讨绿色金融、环境规制、产业结构、技术水平对雾霾治理的影响,侧重分析了绿色金融与其他因素的交互作用。结果表明：绿色金融具有空间溢出效应,本地绿色金融可以降低周边地区雾霾污染;绿色金融能够与环境规制协同互补,以优化产业结构、提升技术水平的方式促成雾霾治理。绿色金融的结构效应弱于环境规制,在中部地区并不显著;绿色金融的技术效应强于环境规制,能够激励不同地区技术创新。文章启示,绿色金融与环境规制能够相互增益,应建立区域间绿色金融合作机制,增强绿色金融的普惠性,助力区域产业转型和污染治理。  相似文献   

A new method for GLONASS inter-frequency bias estimation based on long baselines     

Jiang  Weiping  An  Xiangdong  Chen  Hua  Zhao  Wen 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(4):1765-1779

GPS Solutions - Frequency division multiplexing of GLONASS signals causes inter-frequency bias (IFB) in receiving equipment. IFB significantly increases the difficulties of fixing GLONASS...  相似文献