合浦珠母贝遗传育种研究进展   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

何毛贤  姜卫国 《海洋湖沼通报》2000,(1):75-82

随着生物技术在水产领域中的应用不断扩大,贝类遗传育种也日益受到人们的重视.自从六十年代合浦珠母贝(PinctadamartensiiDunker)人工育苗成功以来,人们对其遗传育种进行了多方面的研究,并取得了一定进展.现将其各个方面的现状作一简介.  相似文献   

Identification of Prorocentrum minimum and Takayama pulchella by fluorescence in situ hybridization through epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry     

HOU Jianjun          LAI Hongyan  HUANG Bangqin  CHEN Jixin College of Fisheries  Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan  China College of Life Sciences  Hubei Normal University  Huangshi  China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science  Environmental Science Research Center  Xiamen University  Xiamen  China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Germplasm Resources  Biotechnology  Yangtse River Fisheries Research Institute  Jinzhou  China State Key La... 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(2)

Partial rDNA sequences of Prorocentrum minimum and Takayama pulchella were amplified, cloned and sequenced, and these sequence data were deposited in the GenBank. Eight oligonucleotide probes (DNA probes) were designed based on the sequence analysis. The probes were employed to detect and identify P. minimum and T. pulchella in unialgal and mixed algal samples with a fluorescence in situ hybridization method using flow cytometry. Epifluorescence micrographs showed that these specific probes labeled with flu...  相似文献   

Identification of a putative tetrasporophyte-specific gene in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gracilaria lemaneiformis</Emphasis> (Gracilariales,Rhodophyte)     

Xueying Ren  Xuecheng Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(3):299-303

A putative tetrasporophyte-specific gene, designated as SSH466 (GenBank accession No. DQ019223), was one of the genes identified in this work using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method in Gracilaria lemaneiformis. The full length of the gene was obtained using SMART RACE strategy. Sequence analysis revealed that the gene had 1 019 nucleotides, including an open reading frame of 498 nucleotides encoding 166 amino acid residues, 158 nucleotides of 5′ untranslated region and 363 nucleotides of 3′ non-coding region. Protein motif and secondary structure prediction showed that there existed a transmembrane domain with a unique β-sheet. Thus, SSH466 protein might be a cross-membrane protein. Sequence homology search in the public GenBank databases did not reveal any significant match with SSH466. Virtual Northern blot analysis confirmed that it was a tetrasporophyte-specific gene.  相似文献   

Intercellular localization of nitrogenase in a non-heterocystous cyanobacterium (cyanophyte), <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trichodesmium</Emphasis> sp. NIBB1067     

Kaori Ohki 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(2):211-216

The nitrogenase activities of cyanobacteria of the genus Trichodesmium are strictly light-dependent, although they do not develop heterocysts. Recently, the development of heterocyst-equivalent cells (diazocytes) was suggested in Trichodesmium spp. However, no cells with a similar appearance to diazocytes could be found in Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067. An immunocytochemical analysis of nitrogenase in individual cells was performed using polyclonal antibodies generated from DNA fragments of genes encoding the Fe-protein and the α-and the β-subunit of the MoFe-protein of nitrogenase of Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067. Visualization of the antibody binding was carried out using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and a chromogenic substrate, 3,3′-diaminobenzidine, to avoid the masking effects caused by the bright autofluorescence emitted by Trichodesmium cells. Nitrogenase proteins were detected in almost all the cells (always higher than 95% of total cells) grown under nitrogen-limited conditions. These results indicate that Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067 does not differentiate heterocyst-equivalent cells.  相似文献   

强碱复合体系与大庆原油多次乳化性能分析     

李笑薇 《东北石油大学学报》2012,(5):72-75,3

在地层温度45℃条件下,开展强碱三元复合体系与大庆原油多次乳化实验,分析多次乳化后水相的化学剂组成及性能.结果表明:聚合物质量浓度降低主要为水解作用;表面活性剂和碱质量分数随乳化次数增多而降低;该表面活性剂构成合理,与大庆原油配伍性好;复合体系在乳化第5次仍与原油有较低的界面张力;多次乳化过程中存在水中含油过饱和阶段.这为加强复合体系与大庆原油乳化作用和三元体系动态驱油机理的认识,为化学驱油配方筛选及机理研究提供参考.  相似文献   

白消安及其与高温联合处理对黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)性腺发育的影响     

杨磊  胡伟华  俞燕洁  陈睿毅  徐冬冬 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(6):1465-1473

黄姑鱼（Nibea albiflora）的性成熟周期短,养殖技术成熟,是合适的生殖细胞移植受体。不育受体的制备在鱼类生殖细胞移植中非常关键。为了优化不育黄姑鱼的制备方法,采用白消安和白消安-高温（30℃）对黄姑鱼进行处理,设置5个组：对照组（Con组）、白消安10 mg/kg组（Bu10组）、白消安40 mg/kg组（Bu40组）、白消安10 mg/kg高温组（Bu10H组）、白消安40 mg/kg高温组（Bu40H组）,白消安以不同剂量进行2次的腹腔注射,间隔两周。采用组织学、qPCR以及原位杂交等方法分析白消安及其与高温联合处理对黄姑鱼性腺及其生殖细胞和体细胞发育的影响。研究结果表明白消安处理对黄姑鱼生殖细胞的影响具有明显的性别差异：雄鱼在处理28 d后其性腺重和GSI较对照组显著下降,进一步组织学观察发现雄鱼精巢在处理14 d时已经出现空腔,qPCR分析发现雄鱼vasa基因表达在处理期间显著降低,且在处理第48 d仍处于下调状态。然而,白消安及其与高温联合处理并未对雌鱼生殖细胞产生明显的影响。研究还发现高温处理组出现较高的死亡率,但雄鱼生殖细胞的消除效果并未显著增强。因此,白消安处理能够消除黄姑鱼雄鱼性腺内的生殖细胞,以40 mg/kg白消安2次（间隔两周）注射后消除效果最好,能够作为生殖细胞移植受体鱼。  相似文献   

半滑舌鳎雌性特异fosmid克隆的筛选及FISH定位     

翟腾  王旭波  王晶  高金宁  翟介明  张全启 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(11):57-60

通过对半滑舌鳎雌鱼fosmid文库进行有序混合,成功构建了两步-三维PCR筛选体系,为后续的基因筛选奠定了基础。通过对半滑舌鳎W染色体文库序列进行引物设计,并分别在雌、雄鱼基因组DNA中筛选,获得1对雌鱼特异性引物。使用该引物对fosmid文库进行筛选,得到1个雌鱼特异性克隆,并通过荧光原位杂交技术将克隆定位到了W性染色体上,证实了使用该体系进行文库筛选的有效性以及雌鱼引物的特异性,建立了半滑舌鳎遗传性别的分子及细胞遗传学鉴定方法,为后续半滑舌鳎基因组及性染色体的研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Structure of microbial communities and hydrocarbon-dependent sulfate reduction in the anoxic layer of a polluted microbial mat     

Abed RM  Musat N  Musat F  Mussmann M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(3):539-546

The bacterial communities in the anoxic layer of a heavily polluted microbial mat and their growth on hydrocarbons under sulfate-reducing conditions were investigated. Microbial communities were dominated by members of Alphaproteobacteria (27% of the total rRNA), Planctomycetes (21.1%) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB: 17.5%). 16S rRNA cloning revealed sequences beloning to the same bacterial groups with SRB affiliated to the genera Desulfobulbus, Desulfocapsa, Desulfomicrobium, Desulfobacterium and Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus. The derived enrichment cultures on crude oil, hexadecane and toluene were dominated by SRB. While most SRB sequences of the toluene and hexadecane cultures were related to the sequence of Desulfotignum toluolica, the crude oil enrichment showed a more diverse bacterial community with sequences from the genera Desulfotignum, Desulfobacter, Desulfatibacillus, Desulfosalina, and Desulfococcus. We conclude that the anoxic layer of the studied mats contains a diverse community of anaerobic bacteria, dominated by SRB, some of which are able to grow on hydrocarbons.  相似文献   

长牡蛎dpp同源基因的克隆及其在贝壳发生中的功能研究     

刘刚  郇聘  刘保忠 《海洋科学》2014,38(9):7-12

dpp是转化生长因子β家族的重要成员,在胚胎发育中作为形态发生子参与体轴形成及附肢发育等过程。为了研究牡蛎dpp同源基因在贝壳发生中的作用,揭示贝壳发生的分子机理,作者克隆了一种长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的dpp基因,命名为cgdpp。序列和进化分析显示,cgdpp分子中不同位点的氨基酸残基变异程度不同。作者用整装原位杂交的手段研究了dpp同源基因在长牡蛎早期发育中的表达情况。结果表明,dpp同源基因参与了从贝壳形成区开始分化到早期贝壳形成的全过程。在担轮幼虫(Trochophore)中,dpp同源基因似乎调控了贝壳的形状与扩张速度;在早期D形幼虫中,dpp同源基因表达量突然下降至痕量水平,并与贝壳发育区无明显的关联,提示dpp同源基因可能仅仅参与了贝壳的发生,不参与其进一步的发育过程。  相似文献   

黑鲪半同胞家系选育的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜海滨  马海涛  刘丽娟  周文江  贾超峰  史学营  赵中华  杜荣斌 《海洋科学》2014,38(10):70-75

为培育优良的黑鲪(Sebastes schlegeli)养殖新品种,作者于2005~2007年以采捕于荣成、日照、青岛和长岛的4个黑鲪野生地理群体及2006年荣成群体选育的F1代为亲本,采用杂交选育和半同胞家系选育的方法,从2009年到2011年成功构建了6个杂交群体和41个半同胞家系。采用比较分析和方差分析对其生长情况进行比较,结果表明:各个选育群体和半同胞家系间体重差异较大,体长变化较小。综合筛选获得2个优良杂交群体和10个优良半同胞家系:RCF1、WCF1为2009年最优杂交群体,CC2、QQ1、QC1、CC1为2010年最优半同胞家系,2RZ1、F27、F29、F28、F26、F23为2011年最优半同胞家系。当以种源(即杂交亲本)为单位时,RC、WC为2009年最优种源;QQ、CC为2010年最优种源;2RZ、F1为2011年最优种源。  相似文献