排序方式： 共有53条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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现行的海浪危险性评估方法仅以波高作为指标,没有考虑波浪周期对海上建筑物和船舶航行安全的影响。基于1979-2016年福建外海海浪数值后报结果,建立了基于周期的海浪强度和危险性等级划分标准,提出了基于波高和周期双指标的福建海域海浪危险性分析方法。结果表明,双指标下海浪危险等级分布结合了波高单指标下环状分布和周期单指标下带状分布的特点,以台湾海峡中南部海域海浪危险等级最高,闽南近岸海域海浪危险等级高于闽东和闽中海域,总体危险等级分布呈现南高北低的特征;双指标下的福建外海海浪危险等级分布比单指标考虑更为全面,不仅包含波高对结构物的影响还考虑了周期对浮式结构物和防波堤的作用,更加贴近真实情况下的海浪危险性特征。 相似文献
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Based on a wave bottom boundary layer model and a sediment advection-diffusion model, seven turbulence schemes are compared regarding their performances in prediction of near-bed sediment suspension beneath waves above a plane bed. These turbulence algorithms include six empirical eddy viscosity schemes and one standard two-equation k-ε model. In particular, different combinations of typical empirical formulas for the eddy viscosity profile and for the wave friction factor are examined. Numerical results are compared with four laboratory data sets, consisting of one wave boundary layer hydrodynamics experiment and three sediment suspension experiments under linear waves and the Stokes second-order waves. It is shown that predictions of near-bed sediment suspension are very sensitive to the choices of the empirical formulas in turbulence schemes. Simple empirical turbulence schemes are possible to perform equally well as the two-equation k-ε model. Among the empirical schemes, the turbulence scheme, combining the exponential formula for eddy viscosity and Swart formula for wave friction factor, is the most accurate. It maintains the simplicity and yields identically good predictions as the k-ε model does in terms of the wave-averaged sediment concentration. 相似文献
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越洋海啸会受大洋海脊的引导以俘获波的形式沿其传播上万千米,其携带的巨大能量会严重影响远场地区、威胁海岸地区的安全。本文基于MIKE21-BW模型,分别模拟0°(直海脊)至90°(直角弯曲海脊)不同弯曲角度海脊上俘获波的传播变形过程,并定量比较其能量分配。结果表明,海脊俘获波传至海脊转弯处,少部分能量会泄露出海脊重新以自由波的形式扩散至整个海域;部分能量会被反射回来形成与初始海啸波相反方向的俘获波沿海脊传播,反射的能量会随着海脊弯曲角度的增加而增加;还有一部分能量继续沿着弯曲的海脊向前传播,其随着海脊弯曲的角度增加而减小。 相似文献
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航道浅滩演变与边心滩形态调整具有强关联性,叠加河道冲淤不均衡性、上游河段冲刷供沙等综合影响,使得航道浅滩碍航机制更趋复杂。本研究以长江感潮段内落成洲河段为对象,通过1959—2021年洲滩形态、河床冲淤特征、水动力环境与浅滩碍航特性等分析,明确边心滩—浅滩演变联动关系、上游河床冲刷供沙及对浅滩演变的影响机制。研究结果表明：(1) 1981年以来落成洲河段所在的扬中河段由淤积转为1991年以来的持续冲刷,1981—2021年枯水河槽冲刷量为3.97亿m3,占洪水河槽冲刷量的95.9%;(2)三峡工程运行前嘶马弯道崩退—落成洲左缘淤积—三益桥边滩未发育,即嘶马弯道崩退是洲滩联动演变的主要诱因;(3)三峡工程运行后至航道整治工程实施前的来沙量减少引起洲滩整体冲刷,落成洲冲刷为三益桥边滩提供了发育空间,逐渐淤涨的三益桥边滩与水沙条件共同使得落成洲冲刷和右汊冲刷发展,即三益桥边滩形态变化逐渐由被动淤涨转为洲滩联动演变的主因;(4) 1981—2010年三益桥边滩淤涨、落成洲洲头与左缘冲刷等决定着三益桥浅滩碍航程度,由于流域来沙量减少引起的河床冲刷使得碍航程度减弱,2011—... 相似文献
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Three Dimensional Baroclinic Numerical Model for Simulating Fresh and Salt Water Mixing in the Yangtze Estuary 总被引：1，自引：5，他引：1
For simulating fresh and salt water mixing in estuaries, a three dimensional nonlinear baroclinic numerical model is developed, in which the gradients of horizontal pressure contain the gradient of barotropic pressure arising from the gradi-ent of tidal level and the gradient of baroclinic pressure due to the gradient of salinity. The Eulerian-Lagrangian method is employed to descretize both the momentum equations of tidal motion and the equation of salt water diffusion so as to im-prove the computational stability and accuracy. The methods to provide the boundary conditions and the initial conditions are proposed, and the criterion for computational stability of the salinity fields is presented. The present model is used for modeling fresh and salt water mixing in the Yangtze Estuary. Computations show that the salinity distribution has the characteristics of partial mixing pattern, and that the present model is suitable for simulalion of fresh and salt waler mixing in ihe Yanglze Esluary. 相似文献
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Based on the linear shallow water equations,an analytic solution of trapped waves over a symmetric parabolicprofile submerged ridge is derived.The trapped waves act as propagating waves along the ridge and as standing waves across the ridge.The amplitude gets the maximum at the ridge top and decays gradually towards both sides.The decaying rate gets more gently with higher modes.Besides,an explicit first-order approximate dispersion relation is derived to simplify transcendental functions in the exact solution,which is useful to describe trapped waves over shallowly submerged ridges in reality.Furthermore,the trapping mechanism of the submerged ridge waveguides on the trans-oceanic tsunami propagation can be explained by the ray theory.A critical incident angle exists as a criterion to determine whether the wave is trapped.Besides,a trapped parameter γ is proposed to estimate the ratio of the energy trapped by the oceanic ridge if a tsunami is generated at its top. 相似文献
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在桩基负摩阻力的研究中桩土位移需重点关注。作为一种成熟的流场测试手段,颗粒图像测速(paticle image velocimetry, PIV)技术已逐步推广至岩土研究领域,将该技术运用至桩基负摩阻力模型试验,可以弥补传统位移测试方法无法获得位移场分布等缺点。基于试验特点,设计由钢板和有机玻璃壁组成的试验箱,采用千斤顶配合置于土表的载荷板实现对土体加载。试验中,对不同土表超载作用下的土体分层沉降、桩身沉降及轴力进行测定,采用PIV技术对桩端处砂土的位移场实施了采样分析。试验表明,PIV所测位移数值与传统方法测得值吻合较好,PIV分析结果能够直观反映桩基受负摩阻力作用而产生的附加沉降;并且可以判断桩端沉降的影响范围,深度方向基本不超过1.75D（D为直径）,水平方向则基本在桩底边界范围内。最后,总结了PIV技术在模型试验中的运用,提出了几点在今后试验中可待改进的地方。 相似文献
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