多羟基糖苷防塌剂的合成及性能研究     

张华辉 《海洋地质译丛》2011,(1):82-85

以淀粉为主要原料,合成了新型多羟基糖苷防塌剂DTG-1。对合成样品的理化性能、页岩抑制作用、水溶液活度、生物毒性以及对泥页岩半透膜膜效率的影响规律进行了测定,考察了DTG-1在淡水、盐水和饱和盐水钻井液中对钻井液流变性能和滤失造壁性能的影响,并对DTG-1稳定井壁及改善钻井液流型的作用机理进行了分析。研究表明,用淀粉合成的多羟基糖苷,具有一定的抑制泥页岩水化膨胀、分散和提高泥页岩的膜效率的作用,能有效降低钻井液的水活度,属于无毒、环保型钻井液处理剂;DTG-1对高密度钻井液具有很好的流型改善作用,用DTG-1配制的钻井液具有组成简单、流变性易调整、高温稳定性好、抗污染性强等特点。  相似文献   

醒脑静中环烯醚萜苷类有效成分鼻腔吸收研究     

陆洋  翟永松  姚宗玲  陈晓兰  杜守颖  吴清 《干旱区地理》2011,43(4)

目的 研究醒脑静中环烯醚萜苷类有效成分栀子苷和京尼平龙胆双糖苷大鼠鼻腔吸收特性及其相关性.方法 以体积校正法,采用改良的大鼠在体鼻循环模型研究栀子提取物单用、与酶脑静中冰片、麝香分别配伍及醒脑静全方配伍后栀子苷及京尼平龙胆双糖苷在大鼠鼻腔的吸收.结果 栀子提取物中环烯醚萜苷类代表成分栀子苷和京尼平龙胆双糖苷的大鼠鼻腔吸收符合一级速率过程,为被动吸收.艾片、合成冰片及醒脑静全方配伍可促进栀子苷及京尼平龙胆双糖苷大鼠鼻腔吸收,人工麝香无显著促进作用.在小同配伍条件下两种成分的鼻腔吸收系数相关性良好,线性回归方程为K京尼平龙胆双糖苷=0.792 1K栀子苷+0.236 7(r=0.976 0).结论 醒脑静组方配伍可显著提高栀子苷及京尼平龙胆双糖苷的鼻腔吸收,方中环烯醚萜苷类成分具有相似的鼻腔吸收特性.  相似文献   

The study on the effect of NO on the growth of Chaetoceros curvisetus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张正斌吴真真  刘春颖邢磊 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(4):413-420

1 INTRODUCTION As a recently recognized information molecule in campaign of the “Molecule of the Year” by Sci- ence magazine, nitric oxide (NO) has attracted much attention from biologists and many other field scien- tists, for its very important physio…  相似文献   

Primary species recognitionand phylogeny of Chondrus （Gigartinales, Rhodophyta） using 18S rDNA sequence data     

胡自民  曾晓起  段德麟 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(2):174-183

The nuclear-encoded small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rDNA) of 16 isolates of Chondrus from 8 countries were sequenced. A total of 1796 nucleotides were obtained and aligned with the phylogenetic analysis conducted. The results suggest that the entity from Dalian, China, regarded as C. sp1 is C. pinnulatus. The C. sp2 previously depicted as C. yendoi or Mazzaella japonica may belong to genus Chondrus. So, 4 Chondrus species, i.e. C. ocellatus, C. nipponicus, C. armatus, and C. pinnulatus are distributed in China. However, the entity from Connemara, Ireland, named C. crispus, is not a Chondrus species but that of Mastocarpus stellatus, although it is morphologically similar to C. crispus. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete 18S rDNA sequence data shows that genus Chondrus includes 3 main lineages: the Northern Pacific lineage, containing C. ocellatus, C. yendoi, and C. nipponicus; C. armatus, and C. pinnulatus form the sub-North Pacific lineage; and the Northern Atlantic Ocean lineage, comprising samples of C. crispus from Canada, Portugal, Ireland, Germany and France. The phylogenetic relationships indicate that genus Chondrus might have a North Pacific ancestral origin, radiated to North Atlantic area, and then formed the species C. crispus.  相似文献   

条斑紫菜分子生物学研究现状     

沈颂东 《海洋科学》2014,38(5):121-125

<正>条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis Ueda)隶属于红藻门(Rhodophyphyta),原红藻纲(Protoflorideophyceae),红毛菜目(Bangiales),红毛菜科(Bangiaceae),紫菜属(Porphyra)。紫菜属的种类分布广泛,目前已报道的种类约有130多种[1]。我国记录定名的紫菜物种或变种有22种[2]。条斑紫菜为北太平洋西部特有的  相似文献   

Effects of UV-B irradiation on isoforms of antioxidant enzymes and their activities in red alga Grateloupiafilicina （Rhodophyta）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵吉强  李丽霞 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(6):1364-1372

Macroalgae in a littoral zone are inevitably exposed to UV-B irradiance.We analyzed the effects of UV-B on isoenzyme patterns and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POX),catalase(CAT),and ascorbate peroxidase(APX) of red algae Grateloupia filicina(Lamour.) C.Agardh.The activities of SOD,CAT,and APX changed in response to UV-B in a time- and dose-dependent manner.POX activity increased significantly under all three UV-B treatments.The enzymatic assay showed three distinct bands of SODⅠ(Mn-SOD),SODⅡ(Fe-SOD),and SODⅢ(CuZn-SOD) under a low(Luv) and medium(Muv) dose of UV-B irradiation,while SODⅠ and SODⅢ activities decreased significantly when exposed to a high dose of UV-B irradiation(Huv).The activity of POX isoenzymes increased significantly after exposure to UV-B,which is consistent with the total activity.In addition,a clear decrease in activity of CATIV was detected in response to all the three doses of UV treatments.Some bands of APX isoenzyme were also clearly influenced by UV-B irradiation.Correspondingly,the daily growth rate declined under all the three exposure doses,and was especially significant under Muv and Huv treatments.These data suggest that,although the protection mechanisms of antioxidant defense system are partly inducible by UV-B to prevent the damage,G.filicina has incomplete tolerance to higher UV-B irradiation stress.  相似文献   

四种齐墩果酸皂苷的合成   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

臧静  李英霞  李春霞  宋妮  岳彩立 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(4):635-640,586

为获得高活性齐墩果酸皂苷药物候选分子，报道了4种单糖(葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖)与齐墩果酸的D3羟基进行糖苷化反应合成皂苷的方法。在合成中采用糖的全苯甲酰化三氯乙酰亚胺酯为糖基供体，齐墩果酸烯丙醇酯为糖基受体，在三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅醇酯(TMSOTf)的作用下，糖基供体与齐墩果酸的C-3羟基进行糖苷化，以较高的收率和专一的立体选择性得到4种齐墩果酸单糖皂苷。化合物结构经核磁共振波谱得以确证。  相似文献   

浙江南麂列岛有节珊瑚藻(红藻门Rhodophyta)的分类研究     

陈彦伟  姜晶晶  丁兰平  黄冰心  陈万东  林利 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(1):163-175

利用冷冻切片技术,通过形态学和解剖学方法,对采自我国东海沿岸浙江南麂列岛的大型海洋红藻珊瑚藻目(Corallinales)的有节类群进行了分类学研究。经鉴定,共发现珊瑚藻目有节类群2属5种,分别为珊瑚藻科Corallinaceae叉节藻亚科Amphiroideae叉节藻属Amphiroa的带形叉节藻A.beauvoisii;珊瑚藻亚科Corallinoideae珊瑚藻属Corallina的鳞形珊瑚藻C.confusa、粗枝珊瑚藻C.crassisima、珊瑚藻C.officinalis和小珊瑚藻C.pilulifera。通过较为清晰的解剖学特征图片,对该5种有节珊瑚藻外部形态和内部特征进行了详细的比较与描述。结合近年来国际上有关上述部分物种的分类地位变化,对我国现存的带形叉节藻A.zanata、粗扁节藻Bossiella cretacea和大边孢藻Marginisporum crassissimum的归并问题展开了详细分析与讨论,以期促进对珊瑚藻目海藻分类学有更加深入的理解。  相似文献   

福建九龙江口秋茄红树林鹧鸪菜几种营养元素含量的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张瑜斌  林鹏  邓爱英  庄铁诚 《海洋科学》2003,27(10):46-49

研究了福建九龙江口秋茄(Kandelia candel)红树林潮间带的红藻鹧鸪菜(Caloglossa leprieurii)的氮、磷、钾、钠、钙与镁6种营养元素含量的季节变化。氮、磷、钾与钠均以春季含量最高；钙与镁分别以秋季和冬季最高。氮与磷含量冬季最低，钾含量秋季最低；钠、钙、镁均以夏季含量最低，6种元素含量的季节变化模式不一致。营养元素含量的季节变化表明鹧鸪菜春季富集的营养物质较多，与春季有较高的生物量一致。营养元素含量的季节变化反映了鹧鸪菜的生长与环境因子的季节变化。鸥鸪菜的氮、磷含量高于土壤含量。并明显高于水体氮、磷含量，说明鹧鸪菜能强烈富集环境中的氮、磷，因此鸥鸪菜类的大型藻类的存在可能是红树林区赤潮极少发生的原因之一。  相似文献   

西沙群岛红藻的研究Ⅳ   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张峻甫  夏邦美 《海洋科学集刊》1983,(20):123-140

本文继续报告我国西沙群岛产的九种红藻,其中,缠结拟石花Gelidiopsis intricate (Ag.) Vickers、全缘隐蜘藻 Cryptarachne okamurai ( Yamada et Segawa) Zhang et Xia,comb.nov.和柔毛绒线藻Dasya mollis Harvey等三种及紫杉状海门冬的孢子体世代Falkenbergia hillebrandii ( Bornet) Falkenberg均为我国新记录,小隐丝藻Cryptonemia parva sp.nov.为一新种,柔毛绒线藻的精子囊托为首次记述。 所有研究标本,包括新种的模式标本均保存在中国科学院海洋研究所植物标本室。  相似文献