Tectonics of the offshore Red River Fault recorded in the junction of the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan Basins     

Lei  Chao  Ren  Jianye  Pei  Jianxiang  Liu  Bowen  Zuo  Xiang  Liu  Jiaao  Zhu  Shiguo 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(11):1893-1908

Science China Earth Sciences - The Red River Fault, which originated from the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, has a great significance for obtaining a further understanding of the...  相似文献   

Geophysical investigations of crust-scale structural model of the Qiongdongnan Basin, Northern South China Sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ning Qiu  Zhenfeng Wang  Hui Xie  Zhipeng Sun  Zhangwen Wang  Zhen Sun  Di Zhou 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2013,34(3-4):259-279

Rifting of the Qiongdongnan Basin was initiated in the Cenozoic above a pre-Cenozoic basement, which was overprinted by extensional tectonics and soon after the basin became part of the rifted passive continental margin of the South China Sea. We have integrated available grids of sedimentary horizons, wells, seismic reflection data, and the observed gravity field into the first crust-scale structural model of the Qiongdongnan Basin. Many characteristics of this model reflect the tectonostratigraphic history of the basin. The structure and isopach maps of the basin allow us to reconstruct the history of the basin comprising: (a) The sediments of central depression are about 10 km thicker than on the northern and southern sides; (b) The sediments in the western part of the basin are about 6 km thicker than that in the eastern part; (c) a dominant structural trend of gradually shifting depocentres from the Paleogene sequence (45–23.3 Ma) to the Neogene to Quaternary sequence (23.3 Ma–present) towards the west or southwest. The present-day configuration of the basin reveals that the Cenozoic sediments are thinner towards the east. By integrating several reflection seismic profiles, interval velocity and performing gravity modeling, we model the sub-sedimentary basement of the Qiongdongnan Basin. There are about 2–4 km thick high-velocity bodies horizontal extended for a about 40–70 km in the lower crust (v > 7.0 km/s) and most probably these are underplated to the lower stretched continental crust during the final rifting and early spreading phase. The crystalline continental crust spans from the weakly stretched domains (about 25 km thick) near the continental shelf to the extremely thinned domains (<2.8 km) in the central depression, representing the continental margin rifting process in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Our crust-scale structural model shows that the thinnest crystalline crust (<3 km) is found in the Changchang Sag located in the east of the basin, and the relatively thinner crystalline crust (<3.5 km) is in the Ledong Lingshui Sag in the west of the basin. The distribution of crustal extension factor β show that β in central depression is higher (>7.0), while that on northern and southern sides is lower (<3.0). This model can illuminate future numerical simulations, including the reconstruction of the evolutionary processes from the rifted basin to the passive margin and the evolution of the thermal field of the basin.  相似文献   

Structural differences between the western and eastern Qiongdongnan Basin: evidence of Indochina block extrusion and South China Sea seafloor spreading   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cuimei Zhang  Zhenfeng Wang  Zhipeng Sun  Zhen Sun  Jianbao Liu  Zhangwen Wang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2013,34(3-4):309-323

Located at the intersection between a NW-trending slip system and NE-trending rift system in the northern South China Sea, the Qiongdongnan Basin provides key clues for us to understand the proposed extrusion of the Indochina Block along with Red River Fault Zone and extensional margins. In this paper we for the first time systematically reveal the striking structural differences between the western and eastern sector of the Qiongdongnan Basin. Influenced by the NW-trending slip faults, the western Qiongdongnan Basin developed E–W-trending faults, and was subsequently inverted at 30–21 Ma. The eastern sector was dominated by faults with NE orientation before 30 Ma, and thereafter with various orientations from NE, to EW and NW during the period 30–21 Ma; rifting display composite symmetric graben instead of the composite half graben or asymmetric graben in the west. The deep and thermal structures in turn are invoked to account for such deformation differences. The lithosphere of the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin is very hot and thinned because of mantle upwelling and heating, composite symmetric grabens formed and the faults varied with the basal plate boundary. However, the Southern and Northern Uplift area and middle of the central depression is located on normal lithosphere and formed half grabens or simple grabens. The lithosphere in the western sector is transitional from very hot to normal. Eventually, the Paleogene tectonic development of the Qiongdongnan Basin may be summarized into three stages with dominating influences, the retreat of the West Pacific subduction zone (44–36 Ma), slow Indochina block extrusion together with slab-pull of the Proto-South China Sea (36–30 Ma), rapid Indochina block extrusion together with the South China Sea seafloor spreading (30–21 Ma).  相似文献   

Response of bedload transport, submarine topography, and dune internal structures to typhoon processes off Dongfang coast in the Beibu Gulf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MA Xiaochuan  YAN Jun  FAN Fengxin  YAO Ping 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(4):27-40

Bedload sediment transport was estimated by the SEDTRANS96 model based on three-day hydrodynamics data obtained off the Dongfang coast in the Beibu Gulf during Typhoon Ketsana in September 2009. Bedforms on the sea floor off the Dongfang coast and internal structures of a typical dune were interpreted to evaluate storm influences on individual dunes and the dune field. Results indicated that flow forcings and related bedload transport were both strengthened significantly due to Typhoon Ketsana. The measurements and modeling results, which mainly included three different stages, presented noticeable phasic variation. The three stages were dominated by tidal current (Period Ⅰ), tidal current combined with wind-induced waves (Period Ⅱ), and swells combined with tidal current and seaward flows (Period Ⅲ). This phasic variation could be a common trait of hydrodynamics due to typhoons moving westwardly to the south of Hainan Island and Beibu Gulf in South China Sea. Results indicated that the maximum bedload transport rate for every burst in Period Ⅲ was almost 100 times larger than that in Period I and was ten times larger than that in Period II. However, the short-term increase in bedload transport induced by storms like Ketsana did not change the long-term evolution of dune morphology. Evidence was given by the internal structures of a typical dune, which revealed renewed modification under subsequent moderate conditions after storm erosion. Instead, storms may influence at different scales and regional allocation of sand dunes in some large areas because changes of the sea floor in large scales can hardly be recovered. More surveys during and after storm passage are also needed to document the level of positive contribution to forward migration.  相似文献   

利用井温分布估算莺-琼盆地地下流体运移速度   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张键  葛社民  许鹤华  熊亮萍  杨计海  张启明 《地质力学学报》2000,6(2):1-5

莺-琼盆地是典型的高温高压盆地,现今平均地表热流78.7mW/m2,产生地表高热流的主要原因是深部热流体活动。根据盆地地温场分布特征与地下流体活动规律的关系,利用井温资料,我们计算了典型钻孔LD30-1-1A井地下流体的流速分布。结果表明,LD-30-1-1A井地下流体可分为上、中、下三段。上段流体运动微弱,垂向流速仅为8.33×10-12 cm/s;中段流体向下垂向流速为4.37×10-8 cm/s;下段流体向上垂向流速为2.65×10-8 cm/s.   相似文献   

海上地震资料子波提取鬼波压制技术     

邓勇  彭海龙  裴健翔  赫建伟  史德锋 《地球物理学进展》2020,(1):281-286

海洋地震勘探由于受到海面强反射界面的影响,记录数据中存在鬼波,致使数据频谱中产生陷波效应,限制数据的频带宽度,影响数据的分辨率,干扰地层反射的识别.近年来发展的鬼波压制方法,能够较好的压制地震数据中的鬼波,然而现有鬼波压制技术容易产生延续相位,且计算效率较低.为进一步提高鬼波压制效果和工作效率,本文对海上地震资料特性进行分析,研究认为,海上地震资料中的海底反射信号真实记录了海底有效反射、震源鬼波和检波点鬼波的形态,可以利用提取的海底反射子波对数据进行确定性子波反褶积处理,能够有效的压制震源鬼波和检波点鬼波.模型海上实际数据测试结果表明,该方法具有鬼波压制效果好、计算效率高的优势,处理之后的数据频带得到有效拓宽,低频和高频信息均得到加强.  相似文献   

中国南海西沙碳酸盐岩台地形成过程及控制因素:来自西科1井的地球化学证据          下载免费PDF全文

邢作昌  张忠涛  林畅松  张博  洪方浩  宫越 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1197-1208

通过对南海西沙石岛已完钻的科学探井——西科1井进行岩性组合特征、元素地球化学、TEX86等多种指标分析,尝试恢复了西沙地区中新世以来海平面变化,讨论了碳酸盐岩台地形成发育的控制因素。发现受控于南海区域性构造事件及全球海平面变化的双重影响,西沙地区海平面呈现早中新世高—中中新世低—晚中新世到上新世高—第四纪低的变化趋势,海水温度从早中新世到上新世呈整体下降趋势。岩性组合特征揭示,西沙地区碳酸盐岩台地在早中新世开始发育,到中中新世逐渐繁盛,在中中新世末达到顶峰,形成了包含潟湖相在内的大型礁盘;在晚中新世—上新世由于海平面快速上升以及海水温度下降而逐渐衰退淹没,到第四纪进一步持续萎缩。研究发现,西沙地区在早中新世和晚中新世—上新世,出现2次较强的白云岩化作用,与海平面下降造成碳酸盐岩台地暴露剥蚀直接相关。西科1井揭示的碳酸盐岩台地的发育演化过程是南海新生代碳酸盐岩台地繁荣与消亡的代表,是南海新生代构造演化与全球气候变迁相互作用的综合结果。  相似文献   

Characteristics and distribution patterns of reef complexes on the carbonate platform margin in deep water areas: the western South China Sea   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

CHEN Ping  LI Xushen  WANG Yahui  LU Yongchao  ZHONG Zehong  CHEN Lei  ZUO Qianmei  MA Yiquan  WANG Chao  DU Xuebin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):71-80

As a potential oil and gas reservoir, reef complexes have been a research focus from petroleum geologists for a long time. There are favorable conditions for the development of reef complexes in the South China Sea; however, their internal structures, evolution and distribution are still poorly understood. Based on 2D and 3D seismic data, the internal structures and evolution patterns of the reef complexes on the carbonate platform margin in the deep water areas over the western South China Sea were studied in detail. The result shows that two types of reef complexes, i.e., fault controlling platform margin reef complexes and ramp reef complexes have been developed in the study area. The reef complexes have independent or continuous mound or lenticular seismic reflections, with three internal structures (i.e., aggrading, prograding and retrograding structures). There are different growth rates during the evolution of the reef complexes, resulting in the formation of catch-up reefs, keep-up reefs and quick step reefs. The study also reveals that different platform margin reef complexes have different internal structures and distributions, because of the different platform types. These results may be applied to the exploration and prediction of carbonate platform margin reef complexes in other areas that are similar to the study area.  相似文献   

琼东南盆地井震地层对比分析及区域地层格架的建立   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

陈宏言  孙志鹏  翟世奎  刘新宇  刘晓锋  罗威  修淳 《海洋学报》2015,37(5):1-14

琼东南盆地历经断陷、断坳、裂后热沉降和裂后加速沉降等一系列的构造变动,沉积环境由始新世的滨海环境发展为现今的深水环境,形成了一套包括滨岸沉积、滨浅海沉积、陆架和陆坡沉积、以及半深海沉积的地层组合,具有良好的油气资源的生储盖条件,已成为当前油气资源勘探开发的重点区域。本文首先对盆地区域内钻井和地震剖面进行了主要地层界面(T20、T30、T40、T50、T60和T70)的识别和提取(点),继而结合连井地震剖面(线)和盆地区域过井地震剖面(面)对主要地层界面做了追踪对比分析,再依据古生物年代,建立了适用于琼东南盆地的区域地层年代格架。在琼东南盆地浅水区主要沉积了新近系地层(T60-T20),断裂基本不发育,地层厚度变化不大,极少有明显的上超和削截,局部地区发育有利于油气储集的三角洲沉积体系,表明琼东南盆地新近纪时期受构造作用影响较小。在深水区,新近系地层(T60-T20)和浅水区特征相似,仅反射特征有所不同;古近系地层(T100-T60)内部层序结构主要为楔状或近平行状,具有明显的上超和削截,地层厚度较大,断裂明显并导致地层错断,表明琼东南盆地深水区在古近纪时期主要受构造作用控制,并伴随着强烈的拉张和快速沉降作用,沉积环境主要为浅海。在近东西向的中央峡谷内存在有三期砂体:第一期砂体(井深3 528~3 336m,厚约192m)形成于距今11.6~5.5Ma(T40-T30),分布范围跨越中央峡谷的陵水-松南-宝岛段,沉积物构成包括浊积水道沉积、浊积席状砂、块体流沉积、深海泥质沉积、天然堤及漫溢沉积等;第二期砂体(井深4 100~3 900m,厚约200m)形成于距今5.5~4.2Ma(T30-T29),分布范围跨越中央峡谷的乐东-陵水段,以重力流沉积为主;第三期砂体(深度3 630~3 400m,厚约230m)发育于距今4.2~3.6Ma(T29-T28),分布于峡谷的乐东-莺东段,以浊积水道沉积为主。三期砂体在琼东南盆地中央坳陷带自东向西、由老到新依次展布,构成了良好的油气储层体。  相似文献   

南海西部深水区崖城组煤系烃源岩的识别方法     

任金锋  张迎朝  王华  王亚辉  甘华军  何卫军  孙鸣  宋广增 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(4):19-31

琼东南盆地古近系崖城组海陆过渡相煤系烃源岩已被证实是该盆地的主要气源岩,但由于崖城组煤层具有层数多、单层薄、横向变化快的特点,而难以被识别和预测,尤其是勘探程度较低的深水区.本文利用综合种地质与地球物理法对煤系烃源岩进行更加准确的预测.首先,煤层可通过“三高,三低,一扩”的测井响应特征识别,而炭质泥岩可通过“四高,一低”的特征识别.基于该测井逻辑判断,煤系地层可通过测井曲线的聚类分析进行垂向的自动识别.在井震标的的约束下,煤层组可通过地震数据的“负相位,高吸收因子,低波阻抗和低频”等综合特征进行横向识别.然而,地球物理方法识别的煤系烃源岩分布范围不一定符合成煤的地质规律,因此本文从构造、层序和沉积的角度研究了煤系发育的主控因素约束其分布范围:①古地形及构造沉降控制了海陆过渡相煤系烃源岩在凹陷中的平面发育部位;②相对海平面变化通过控制可容空间变化以及海岸线迁移,从而控制烃源岩的发育规模以及垂向分布——具体的说,可容纳空间的增长速率和泥炭堆积速率的关系是控制煤层形成的最根本因素,在其平衡位置,煤层发育最厚、延伸最大;③原地碎屑的供应和沉积场所与古物源的距离,是制约高丰度烃源岩发育的关键因素,即距离古隆起海岸较近的沉积环境中陆源有机质较为丰富,便可形成高丰度煤系烃源岩.通过上述地质与地球物理联合识别方法,提高了煤系烃源岩发育的预测精度和可信度,为南海西部深水区的早期勘探提供了重要的参考依据.  相似文献