洞庭湖退田还湖及其生态恢复过程分析   总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10  

姜加虎  张琛  黄群  邓学建 《湖泊科学》2004,16(4):325-330

洞庭湖曾是我国第一大淡水湖泊,盛期面积达6000km2以上,具有调蓄长江中游洪水的巨大生态服务功能.但经过近百年来的沧桑变迁,湖泊发生了巨大变化,由于泥沙的严重淤积和围湖垦殖活动,湖泊面积已萎缩至2625km2,为我国第二大淡水湖泊.湖泊萎缩削弱了其生态服务功能,并由此引发了江湖洪水愈演愈烈的形势.1998年长江流域洪涝灾害之后,中国政府及时提出了"退田还湖"等洪水治理的32字指导原则,湖区各地随即积极开展了"退田还湖、平垸行洪和移民建镇"等工程.本文针对湖区退田还湖双退堤垸的生态恢复过程,选择湖南省汉寿县的青山垸进行了跟踪研究.结果显示了湖泊湿地恢复的阶段性特征,并为我国日益严重的湖泊富营养化问题的治理,提供了新的途径和可供参考的科学依据.  相似文献   

红鳍笛鲷亲鱼培育及产卵技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑乐云  方琼珊  王涵生 《海洋科学》2004,28(8):1-4

采用控温、营养强化的方法培育红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanuserythropterus)亲鱼 ,并结合激素诱导使其在1周年内每个月不间断产卵。实验亲鱼454尾 ,培育成活率为96% ,共采卵147150×104粒 ,平均每尾雌鱼年产卵量为541.0×104粒 ,人工催产卵的受精率为40 %～86.2 % ,自然产卵的受精率为68.3%～91.2%。  相似文献   

滇池铜绿微囊藻(M. aeruginosa Kutz)的分离培养与总DNA提取的改进   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陆源  文建凡  吕天雯 《湖泊科学》2001,13(3):285-288

利用稀释法结合平板分离培养法将采用滇池水华中的铜绿微囊灌进行了成功的分离纯化,对比纯化培养前后,发现纯化后该藻的生长速度明显加快,密度大为提高,约为纯化前的5倍,由乙醇乙醚混合液对该灌作预处理后,破坏了其胶质被,再经常规方法提取总DNA,其得率提高3－4倍。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖退田还湖及其对洪水的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

闵骞 《湖泊科学》2004,16(3):215-222

在详细分析鄱阳湖退田还湖现状基础上,建立了鄱阳湖退田还湖洪水位效应计算模型,估计退田还湖对典型年洪水位的效应.并对退田还湖对年最高水位频率的影响进行了预测.最后,探讨了退田还湖圩区适宜管理模式和退田还湖对湖泊环境的影响.  相似文献   

基于海岸带成像仪CZI的连云港紫菜养殖动态监测     

王鑫华  刘建强  邢前国  陈艳拢 《海洋科学》2021,45(7):9-17

连云港海域的紫菜养殖遥感监测对于规划紫菜养殖空间分布具有重要意义。基于50m空间分辨率的海洋一号C卫星（HY-1C）海岸带成像仪（Coastal Zone Imager, CZI）数据,利用归一化植被指数(NDVI)和人工目视解译,获取了2018年10月-2020年4月连云港沿岸的紫菜养殖遥感监测面积,并分析了紫菜养殖的季节变化特征。结果显示,连云港紫菜养殖区主要分布于海州湾和连岛附近海域;养殖区自9月至次年5月在CZI图像上可见,紫菜养殖遥感监测面积呈先增加后减少的趋势,1-2月其遥感监测面积通常达到一个养殖周期的最大值,3月初面积迅速减少;基于CZI影像的2019年度遥感监测面积为123km2,2020年为160km2。建立HY-1C与哨兵二号(10m)、高分一号(16m)和Landsat-8(30m)监测结果的线性模型,以Google Earth影像目视解译的紫菜养殖区遥感面积作为真实值,并将哨兵二号监测值转换为真实值。换算成真实值的2020年度紫菜养殖区真实面积为94km2,较2015年度的42km2增长了一倍多。本研究展示,CZI可用于紫菜养殖区的业务化观测,本文同时建议,利用其1-2月份的多期遥感影像监测结果作为年度紫菜养殖区遥感监测面积的基准。  相似文献   

以需求为导向的GIS专业人才培养模式   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈优良  王兆茹  邹凤琼 《地理空间信息》2010,8(3):141-143,147

在详细分析GIS学科特征及社会、经济对GIS专业人才的需求状况的基础上,阐述了GIS专业课程设置的指导思想和原则,在此基础上提出了GIS专业课程设置和实践教学体系设计的方案。  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal changes in agricultural land cover in Nepal over the last 100 years   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Basanta Paudel  Yili Zhang  Shicheng Li  Linshan Liu 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(10):1519-1537

In order to advance land use and land cover change (LUCC) research in Nepal, it is essential to reconstruct both the spatiotemporal distribution of agricultural land cover as well as scenarios that can explain these changes at the national and regional levels. Because of rapid population growth, the status of agricultural land in Nepal has changed markedly over the last 100 years. Historical data is used in this study, encompassing soils, populations, climatic variables, and topography. Data were revised to a series of 30 m grid cells utilized for agricultural land suitability and allocation models and were analyzed using a suite of advanced geographical tools. Our reconstructions for the spatiotemporal distribution of agricultural land in Nepal reveal an increasing trend between 1910 and 2010 (from 151.2 × 10² km² to 438.8 × 10² km²). This expanded rate of increase in agricultural land has varied between different eco, physiographic, and altitudinal regions of the country, significantly driven by population changes and policies over the period of this investigation. The historical dataset presented in this paper fills an existing gap in studies of agricultural land change and can be applied to other carbon cycle and climate modeling studies, as well as to impact assessments of agricultural land change in Nepal.  相似文献   

Experimental research on the influence of two cultivation practices on rainfall runoff- and （sandy and muddy） sediment-generating processes in purple soil environment     

XU Pei  ;WANG Yukuan  ;FU Bin 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(4):370-376

Rainfall simulations have been conducted to study the soil erosion process of purple soil in two cultivation practices---contour cultivation and downslope cultivation. Results showed that under the two cultivation practices, the surface runoff can be described by the logarithmic function formula. In the initial period of rainfall, the amount of runoff increased with the rainfall duration and 20 minutes later it became relatively constant. The changing process of soil erosion rate may be described by the logarithmic function formula. The erosion rate increased with the rainfall duration and 20 minutes later it also became constant. Under downslope cultivation condition, the soil erosion rate increased more significantly than that under contour cultivation condition in the case of gentle rainfall intensity, and there is no obvious difference in erosion rate for downslope cultivation and contour cultivation practices. However, with increasing rainfall intensity the soil erosion rate under the downslope cultivation condition could be more than 30 times that under the contour cultivation condition. But this kind of difference would be reduced to some extent in the case of heavy rain.  相似文献   

The infaunal community in experimentally seeded low and high density Manila clam (Tapes philippinarum) beds in a Po River Delta lagoon (Italy)     

Mantovani  S.; Castaldelli  G.; Rossi  R.; Fano  E.A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(5):860-866

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热带地区钝顶螺旋藻的大量培养   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

吴伯堂  林坚士  向文洲  曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1992,23(6):663-668

于1989年6月—1990年6月,运用开放式半连续培养的方法在海南省三亚市鹿回头海滩建113m~2养殖池,进行海水螺旋藻大量培养试验研究。结果表明:①海水螺旋藻藻种SCS品系(1984年引进非洲乍得湖Spirulina platensis经分离选育,驯化为海水螺旋藻藻种SCS品系)适宜在热带地区进行大量培养;②用海水培养螺旋藻不需调pH值;③循环使用培养液可以节约肥料和药品,是降低成本的途径之一;④海南省海岸线长,南部气温高,日照充足,在那里生产海水螺旋藻产量高[12.01g/(m~2·d)]、质量好(粗蛋白含量67.28％)。以上几点说明海南省南部滩涂可以大规模生产海水螺旋藻。  相似文献