Seasonal marine feeding and body condition of sea trout (Salmo trutta) at its northern distribution     

Rikardsen  A.H.; Amundsen  P-A.; Knudsen  R.; Sandring  S. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(3):466-475

  相似文献   

Comparative ecology of over-wintering Calanus finmarchicus in the northern North Atlantic, and implications for life-cycle patterns     

Heath  Michael R; Boyle  Peter R; Gislason  Astthor; Gurney  William S.C; Hay  Stephen J; Head  Erica J.H; Holmes  Steven; Ingvarsdottir  Anna; Jonasdottir  Sigrun H; Lindeque  Pennie; Pollard  Raymond T; Rasmussen  Jens; Richards  Kelvin; Richardson  Katherine; Smerdon  Gary; Speirs  Douglas 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(4):698-708

  相似文献   

Lipid Partitioning in the Hydrothermal Vent Shrimp Rimicaris exoculata     

Cathy E. Allen  Jon T. Copley  & Paul A. Tyler 《Marine Ecology》2001,22(3):241-253

Abstract. This study examines the composition and partitioning of lipids in the alvinocarid shrimp Rimicaris exoculata from Mid-Atlantic hydrothermal vents. Juveniles and adults at different stages of reproductive development were dissected into abdomen, branchial and ovary/hepatopancreas tissues. Each of these tissues was analysed for total lipid and lipid class composition, and fatty acids and fatty alcohols were identified using GC and GC-MS. Adult and juvenile shrimp differ in the partitioning of lipids between tissues. Juveniles store lipids in the abdomen as wax ester droplets and may use phosphatidyl choline as an additional reserve. Adult shrimp use triglycerides as an energy store, and triglycerides and polar lipids accumulate in ovary and hepatopancreas tissue during reproductive development. The wax ester storage droplets of juvenile shrimp contain high concentrations of n-3 fatty acids, which are photosynthetically-derived and thought to be important for reproductive development in crustaceans. These n-3 fatty acids are concentrated in the ovary and hepatopancreas of adults compared to other tissues. The n-3 fatty acid content of these adult tissues is well within that estimated for whole juvenile shrimp, supporting the hypothesis that the n-3 fatty acids putatively required for adult reproduction are stored from the juvenile stage.  相似文献   

海水中多环芳烃的暴露浓度对鲈鱼体内脂质过氧化程度的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林建清  洪华生  王新红  肖智强 《台湾海峡》2005,24(3):310-315

本文以鲈鱼为实验材料，以鲈鱼体内的丙二醛含量为指标研究了在水样中16种多环芳烃组分和外加芘为实验试剂的条件下，鲈鱼体内不同器官、组织的脂质过氧化程度的变化．实验结果表明：（1）在鲈鱼鳃、全血中的丙二醛浓度较高，而肝脏的丙二醛浓度较低。（2）水样中多环芳烃及外加芘的暴露能导致鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度升高，这表明多环芳烃以及芘的暴露能引起鲈鱼肝内脂质过氧化程度的提高。（3）水体中多环芳烃及外加芘浓度的变化对鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度的影响具有可逆性，且鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度与水环境的多环芳烃（包括芘）暴露浓度呈良好的正相关关系。这说明：鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度可作为指示水环境的多环芳烃污染程度的指标。由于生物体内的丙二醛浓度受多种因素的影响，在使用丙二醛浓度指标来指示海洋环境的多环芳烃污染时。最好与其他指标配合使用，以更准确地指示海洋环境多环芳烃污染。  相似文献   

银杏叶提取物(EGb761)对红细胞脂质过氧化损伤的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李静  刘成玉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(3):487-490,381

观察银杏叶提取物(EGb761)对红细胞脂质过氧化损伤的影响,探讨其保护红细胞的机制。以活性氧(H2 O2 )作用于离体的正常红细胞,观察EGb761对红细胞溶血度、红细胞丙二醛含量(MDA)、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和ATP酶(ATPase)活性及红细胞膜骨架结构的影响。结果表明:EGb761能明显降低红细胞溶血度,且随着浓度增加其作用逐渐增强,与对照组比较差异有极显著性(t =4.13～19.41,P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 0 1) ;EGb761能明显降低红细胞MDA含量,提高其SOD ,ATPase酶活性,与对照组比较差异有极显著性(t =2 .0 2～70 .0 6,P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 0 1) ;EGb761能降低过氧化损伤对红细胞膜骨架的破坏,保护其完整性。可见EGb761能在膜水平上直接对抗氧自由基引发的红细胞脂质过氧化损伤,保护红细胞及其膜骨架结构。  相似文献   

Adaptation of the antioxidant defence system in hydrothermal-vent mussels (Bathymodiolus azoricus) transplanted between two Mid-Atlantic Ridge sites     

Rui Company  Angela Serafim  Richard Cosson  Aline Fiala-Médioni  David R. Dixon  & Maria João Bebianno 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(1):93-99

The vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus is the dominant member of the Northern Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) hydrothermal megafauna, and lives in an environment characterized by temporal and spatial variations in the levels of heavy metals, methane and hydrogen sulphide, substances which are known to increase reactive oxygen species levels in the tissues of exposed organisms. To evaluate the effects of two contrasting hydrothermal environments on the antioxidant defence system of this vent mussel species, a 2‐week transplant experiment was carried out involving mussels collected from the relatively deep (2300 m), and chemical rich, Rainbow vent field. These were transplanted to the shallower (1700 m), and relatively less toxic, Lucky Strike vent field. To achieve this objective, levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidase (GPx), selenium‐dependent glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in the gills and mantle tissues of resident and transplant mussels before and after the transplant experiment. With the exception of CAT, the gills of the transplanted mussels had significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activity compared with the basal levels in the donor (Rainbow) and recipient (Lucky Strike) populations; whereas the antioxidant enzyme levels in the mantle tissues of the transplants reflected the baseline levels of activity in the native Lucky Strike mussels after 2 weeks. In contrast, LPO levels were significantly higher in both tissue types in the transplants than in either the source or the recipient populations, which suggested a response to hydrostatic pressure change (note, the transplant animals were brought to the surface for transportation between the two vent fields). The fact that the Rainbow mussels survived the transplant experience indicates that B. azoricus has a very robust constitution, which enables it to cope behaviourally, physiologically and genetically with the extreme conditions found in its naturally contaminated deep‐sea environment.  相似文献   

湖北清江和尚洞洞顶植物叶片和土壤的类脂物对比及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

崔景伟  黄俊华  蒲阳  黄咸雨  谢树成 《第四纪研究》2008,28(1):35-42

用GC-MS对湖北清江岩溶地区和尚洞洞顶植物叶片与该洞上覆土壤层中的类脂物进行了分析和对比。在植物叶片中检测出了一系列直链烷烃、脂肪酸、以及丙三醇、植醇和甾醇等类脂物,其中直链烷烃的碳数分布范围大体在C21～C36之间,以C29或C31为主峰且具有奇偶优势;脂肪酸的分布主要集中在中、短链脂肪酸内（C数<23）,以C16为主峰呈单峰型分布且具有偶奇优势;醇的分布很不规则,仅检测出丙三醇,植醇和三种甾醇,没有检测到脂肪酮类化合物。与之相比,洞顶上覆土壤层中检测出更加丰富的类脂物。类脂物具有如下特征:正构烷烃以C31为主峰,还存在低碳数正构烷烃和异构烷烃,如2-甲基、3-甲基、4-甲基、5-甲基、6-甲基、7-甲基、8-甲基等一系列的单甲基支链烷烃,这些支链烷烃显示了微生物的贡献;脂肪酸分布也以低碳数的C16为主峰,且低碳数脂肪酸的含量较植物叶片中明显的增加,同时一些异构和反异构脂肪酸（C14∶0,C15∶0和C17∶0）以及一些单不饱和脂肪酸（C16∶1,C17∶1,C18∶1和C20∶1）也被检测到,也表明土壤中的脂肪酸不仅存在高等植物的贡献,还存在微生物的来源;没有植醇,但出现姥鲛烷和植烷并检测到了一系列脂肪醇化合物,碳数分布在C21～C36之间;检测到一系列的酮,具有奇偶优势,碳数分布范围在C23～C30和C33。高等植物叶片和土壤的差异反映了微生物对高等植物类脂物输入到土壤过程的重要贡献。本研究工作不仅提供了该岩溶地区植物叶片的类脂物信息,还为研究土壤有机质的来源和植物叶片中类脂物在地质过程中的转变提供信息,更为研究岩溶地区滴水和石笋中类脂物的来源提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

多氯联苯(PCB1254)对栉孔扇贝消化盲囊和鳃丝抗氧化系统及脂质过氧化水平的影响     

任加云  刘娟娟  于祥  李建庆 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(3):149-156

本实验研究了浓度梯度为0.5,1.0,和10.0μg/L的多氯联苯化舍物(PCB1254)处理30d栉孔扇贝消化盲囊和鳃丝SOD,CAT和GPx活性和脂质过氧化水平的变化.研究结果表明:低浓度组(0.5μg/L和1.0μg/L)的抗氧化酶活力能够被PCB1254显著的诱导,但是在高浓度组,抗氧化酶快速被诱导升高然后随着...  相似文献   

采用加速溶剂萃取法提高微藻油脂萃取量的优化条件研究     

林汝榕  蔡文旋  柯秀蓉  邢炳鹏  林锡煌 《台湾海峡》2011,30(3):437-443

设计4因子5水平的正交实验方案[采用正交表L25（5＾6）],通过确定加速溶剂萃取法（ASE）处理的最优化条件,包括萃取溶剂、萃取温度、萃取时间和萃取循环次数,达到快速萃取微藻油脂并且萃取量高的效果．结果表明,除循环次数外,其他萃取条件因子均能显著影响油脂萃取量（P〈0．035）．在萃取溶剂为无水乙醇或丙酮、温度为175℃、萃取时间为16min、循环次数为3次的最优处理条件下,微藻油脂萃取量最高（19．20％～21．36％）．与常规的索氏萃取法相比,萃取量可提高39．08％～47．09％．采用ASE法在最优化条件下萃取微藻油脂可以达到良好效果．  相似文献   

苏丹黑B染色处理细胞技术在快速检测微藻油脂含量中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林汝榕  邢炳鹏  蔡文旋  柯秀蓉  林锡煌 《台湾海峡》2011,30(2):292-298

探讨了采用苏丹黑B染料染色处理微藻细胞技术估测微藻油脂含量的可行性.结果表明,微藻细胞经苏丹黑B染色处理后在645 nm光波长处有最大吸收峰值A645,微藻油脂含量与经苏丹黑B染色处理后微藻细胞的吸光值A645呈明显的相关性.建立了考察的7种微藻油脂含量与吸光值A645的线性回归方程,线性关系显著（p〈0.01）.基于藻湿重,微藻油脂含量的线性范围为1.79~39.63 mg/g,估算的相对偏差〈10%.因而,采用苏丹黑B染色处理微藻细胞技术适宜用来检测微藻的油脂含量.  相似文献