亚心形扁藻超氧化物歧化酶活性对镉和铜的应答   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李信书  唐学玺 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(3):75-80

以亚心形扁藻为实验材料,对不同浓度重金属镉(Cd2 )和铜(Cu2 )作用下亚心形扁藻的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化和膜脂过氧化作用进行了探讨,以期了解藻类抗重金属的机制。结果表明:随着Cd2 和Cu2 浓度的增加亚心形扁藻的SOD的活性逐渐升高,但高浓度Cd2 可导致SOD活性活性下降。膜脂过氧化实验结果显示,半抑制浓度的重金属处理72hr后,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)显著提高。用72h半抑制浓度的重金属处理亚心形扁藻随时间的变化关系表明,在最初的12hr内SOD活性被两种重金属离子诱导迅速升高,然后逐渐趋于平稳。总之,SOD活性的变化与重金属的种类、浓度和处理时间有关。  相似文献   

缺氮条件对栅藻油脂积累与光合作用的影响     

刘金丽  王俊峰  刘天中  高莉丽 《海洋科学》2013,37(7):13-19

栅通过油脂分析、光合放氧、叶绿素荧光等手段,研究了缺氮处理对栅藻(Scenedesmus dimorphus)油脂含量、油脂组分以及光合作用影响。结果显示,总脂含量由22.4%±0.6%提高到36.3%±0.7%,其中甘油三酯含量由4.6%±1.2%提高到68.3%±2.5%而磷脂含量由92.8%±1.6%降低到26.8%±2.0%。缺氮处理1d后,叶绿素含量明显下降,呼吸速率明显升高。缺氮处理初始阶段,栅藻光系统Ⅱ最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)维持稳定,4 d后Fv/Fm显著降低而NPQ显著升高。上述变化可能是光能过剩引起的防御反应,也可能是自身代谢模式发生转变的结果而与光能耗散无关。  相似文献   

Evaluation of anthropogenic and biogenic inputs into the western Mediterranean using molecular markers     

Jordi Dachs  Josep M. Bayona  Joëlle Fillaux  Alain Saliot  Joan Albaigs 《Marine Chemistry》1999,65(3-4)

Aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs), sterols (ST), and lipid classes were determined in suspended particles collected in the Catalan Sea, northwestern Mediterranean. Principal Component Analysis of the data set revealed a clustering of samples depending on the sources of organic matter, i.e., coastal influenced, open sea and frontal zone. Terrestrial inputs were recognized in particles collected in the surface waters, at the vicinities of river outflow (i.e., Rhône and Ebro), by a predominance of C₂₉ and C₃₁ n-alkanes, 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol (S12), and the anthropogenic 5β(H)-cholestan-3β-ol, coprostanol (S1). Phytoplanktonic molecular markers (n-C₁₇, 27-nor-24-methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3β-ol, cholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol and 24-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol) were widespread but relatively more apparent in the open sea and frontal zones. A similar distribution was observed for lipid classes, with higher concentrations of phospholipids, and an enrichment in free fatty acids in the areas influenced by river discharges. Total sterol, the unresolved complex mixture of hydrocarbons and the pristane–phytane ratio were highest at a persistent frontal zone, possibly reflecting the combination of a higher primary productivity and fossil hydrocarbon absorption on to suspended particles. Moreover, vertical profiles exhibited a subsurface concentration maximum at 20–30 m water depth, concurrently with the chlorophyll.  相似文献   

对筒柱藻属33株总脂含量及脂肪酸组成的比较研究     

梁英  麦康森  孙世春  詹冬梅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(3)

在温度为２５±１℃,盐度为２８的条件下,用Ｆ／２培养基对青岛海洋大学微藻种质库保存的３３株筒柱藻进行培养。在指数生长期末期进行收获。测定了３３株筒柱藻的脂肪酸组成,总脂含量,收获时的细胞密度,生物量。其主要脂肪酸为１４∶０,１６∶０,１６∶１（ｎ－７）和２０∶５（ｎ－３）,其中Ｂ２００的２０∶５（ｎ－３）含量最高,占总脂肪酸的１５．９％。  相似文献   

Effect of dietary protein to energy ratio on growth and nitrogenous waste production of cultured dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):625-631

The effect of dietary protein to energy ratio (P:E) on the growth of dusky kob Argyrosomus japoni-cus was investigated as a first step towards formulating a practical diet for this potential mariculture species in South Africa. The effects of dietary protein and lipid on growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and nitrogenous waste production were determined in cultured juveniles (initial weight 113.8 ± 2.0 g fish^?1). Fish were fed diets that contained either 42 or 46% protein with 6, 12 or 18% lipid, within a P:E range of 20.5–26.7 g protein MJ^?1. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly influenced by an interaction between dietary protein and energy (p < 0.001). An increase in dietary lipid produced increasing growth rates (ranging from 0.95 ± 0.04% to 1.10 ± 0.01% day^?1) among fish fed the 46% protein diets, with no significant differences in FCR (1.05 ± 0.02 to 1.11 ± 0.02) or protein efficiency ratio (PER; 1.95 ± 0.06 to 1.66 ± 0.02). By contrast, there was a trend of decreasing growth (0.96 ± 0.04% to 0.64 ± 0.03% day^?1) and a deterioration in FCR (1.3 ± 0.10 to 1.93 ± 0.19) and PER (1.12 ± 0.11 to 1.68 ± 0.11) with increasing dietary lipid among fish fed 42% protein diets, indicating a protein– energy imbalance. The protein and lipid levels tested here had no significant effect on total ammonia production, with a combined mean production of 2.54 ± 0.55 mg kg^?1 I^?1 h^?1, 10 hours postprandial (p = 0.68). The dietary lipid level appeared to directly determine the carcass lipid content, with the mean lipid content ranging from 4.2% to 17.8% for fish fed diets ranging from 6% to 18% respectively after 12 weeks (r² = 0.98). A 46% protein and 18% lipid (P:E ratio of 22.0 g protein MJ^?1) diet is recommended for rearing juvenile A. japonicus of a mass range of 100–300 g.  相似文献   

Variation in Solvent-Extractable Lipids and n-Alkane Compound-Specific Carbon Isotopic Compositions with Depth in a Southern China Karst Area Soil     

崔景伟  黄俊华  Philip A Meyers  黄咸雨  李婧婧  刘文贵 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2010,(4)

Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce,we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang(和尚) Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents.Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes,free fatty acids,n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth,and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes,free fatty acids,n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-one...  相似文献   

铁促进海水小球藻油脂积累的动态过程   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘志媛  王广策 《海洋科学》2008,32(11):56-59

许多微藻被认为是制备生物油燃料的理想原料，培养液中高浓度的Fe^3＋对海水小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）的油脂积累有明显的促进作用。采用荧光分光光度法对尼罗红染色后的海水小球藻的油脂积累过程进行了观测，同时测定了铁对小球藻生长和叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明，高铁处理的小球藻出现了两次油脂积累高峰，且第2次脂积累的量显著高于第1次。  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF HARVEST STAGE ON THE TOTAL LIPID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF FOUR CYLINDROTHECA STRAINS     

梁英  麦康森  孙世春 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,(2)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＰｅｏｐｌｅｓｈｏｗｅｄｇｒｅａｔｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｓｉｎｍｉｃｒｏａｌｇａｅｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｇｏｏｄｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｈｉｇｈｅｆｆｉ ｃｉｅｎｃｙｏｆｕｓｉｎｇｓｏｌａｒｅｎｅｒｇｙ,ｓｍａｌｌｓｉｚｅ ,ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎａｌｖａｌｕｅ ,ｒａｐｉｄｇｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｒａｔｅ .Ｍｉ ｃｒｏａｌｇａｅｈａｖｅａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｍａｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｓｆｏｏｄｆｏｒｌａｒｖａｌｓｔａｇｅｓｏｆｃｒｕｓｔａ…  相似文献   

Molecular Records of Primary Producers and Sedimentary Environmental Conditions of Late Permian Rocks in Northeast Sichuan, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阮小燕  罗根明  胡守志  陈峰  孙思  吴文钧  郭巧珍  刘国权 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(5):471-480

A series of biomarkers were identified in the aliphatic and aromatic fractions of the extracts from Late Permian Dalong (大隆) and Wujiaping (吴家坪) formations in Shangsi (上寺) Section, Northeast Sichuan (四川), South China, on the basis of the analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MC). The dominance of lower-molecular-weight n-alkanes throughout the profile suggests the dominant contribution of algae and bacteria to the organics preserved in the marine section. Wujiaping Formation is characterized by the elevated contribution from algae as well as other photoantotrophs such as photosynthetic bacteria as shown by the molecular ratios of hopanes to steranes or tricyclic terpanes as well as the ratio of pristane (Pr) and phytane (Ph) to C17 and C18 n-alkanes. This is in accord with the data from the microscopic measurement on the calcareous algae. In contrast, Dalong Formation is featured by enhanced contribution from bacteria and probably terrestrial organics indicated by the enhanced C24 tetracyclic terpanes relative to tricyclic terpanes. The two formations also show a distinct discrimination in sedimentary environmental conditions including redox condition and salinity. The anoxic condition was only found in the middle of the Dalong Formation as shown by the ratios of Pr/Ph and dibenzothiophene to phenanthrene, consistent with the reported data of Mo and U. An enhancedsalinity indicated by the homohopane index is observed at the shallow Wujiaping Formation. On the basis of the composition of primary productivity and the redox condition, Dalong Formation is proposed, herein, to be potential hydrocarbon source rocks in the study site. It is notable that the topmost end-Permian is characterized by a large perturbance in both the redox condition and salinity, with oxic conditions being frequently interrupted by short-term anoxia, likely showing a causal relationship with the episodic biotic crisis across the Permian-Triassic boundary.  相似文献   

温度对四种产油微藻生长和油脂特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵婷  韩笑天  詹天荣  赵卫红 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(6):1140-1148

本文采用气相质谱联用技术对三株海水微藻—三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum,CCMM2012)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris,CCMM4004)、微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis sp.,CCMM6004),和一株淡水微藻—栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda,CCMM4002)在不同温度下的生长及油脂变化规律进行研究。结果表明:三角褐指藻、小球藻和栅藻在20℃下的油脂产率最大,分别为2.94、5.79和5.83mg/L/d,它们在20℃的培养条件下比较适合应用于生物能源开发;而微拟球藻在25℃下油脂产率最大,达6.45mg/L/d,因此此温度下更适合用于生物能源开发。三角褐指藻在15℃条件下DHA和EPA含量最多,为16.47%,而微拟球藻在25℃下DHA和EPA最多,为22.74%;因此三角褐指藻和微拟球藻在15℃和25℃下均比较适合应用于多不饱和脂肪酸的开发,而小球藻和栅藻的EPA和DHA含量在三个温度下普遍较少,不适合用于多不饱和脂肪酸的开发。  相似文献