广西城市发展的回顾与展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

章牧 《热带地理》1998,18(2):172-176

尖回顾改革开放以来广西城市发展历史的基础上,分析了广西城市化的现状特征;从自然资源、社会经济背景、交通及区位条件等方面出发,说明了广西城市发展的区域基础,并对于今后广西建设与发展的思路,提出了一些设想和建议。  相似文献   

中国西北干旱地区城市化过程及空间分异规律   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

段汉明  周晓辉  苏敏 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

通过对实地调研和大量文献分析,对我国西北干旱地区城市发展与自然环境的关系进行论述,认为城市化过程本质上就是人地关系的集中凸现,是自然要素与人文要素长期互相作用的结果。自古以来,城市就是人类聚居的主要场所,屯垦是西北干旱地区最能体现人地关系的耦合点。在西北干旱地区现代城市化过程中,屯垦和矿产资源开发有较大的带动作用。由于自然因素和社会因素的双重影响,人口分布和聚居程度极不均衡,社会经济分异较大,城镇功能单一,部分地区和城镇的人口城镇化水平较高,并不是社会经济整体发展的结果,而是资源开采、行政建制的设立、极端自然条件下生存的需要等多种因素形成的。城市分布空间格局以带状、团状、串珠状为主,有着不同于其他地区的演化模式,城镇发展表现出多元复合的特征,是政治、经济、生态环境、资源、民族与文化等诸多因素相互关联、起伏变化的结果。城镇高速发展、城市化速度加快是未来西北干旱地区社会经济发展的必然结果,面对脆弱的生态环境和有限的资源,提出在西北干旱地区建设只有城镇、没有村落的新型城市社会,以达到社会经济和生态环境可持续发展的目标。  相似文献   

提高城市化水平与耕地面积变化的的关系研究——对大连市的实证研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

栾维新  王茂军 《地理科学》2002,22(2):208-212

在对城市化水平与耕地面积关系综合分析的基础上 ,通过对大连市域城市化水平提高与耕地面积变化之间关系的实证研究 ,得出以下结论 :①人均建设用地与居民点规模呈反向变化 ;②大、中城市建设用地基本可以得到控制 ,农村居民点用地的控制难度较大 ;③在充分挖掘农村居民点内部潜力的前提下 ,随着城市化水平的提高 ,各类居民点人均建设用地的总规模将减小 ,提高城市化水平是缓解耕地供需矛盾的重要途径。  相似文献   

20世纪90年代以来非洲城市化的特点和动因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张增玲  甄峰  刘慧 《热带地理》2007,27(5):455-460

一般来说,持续的经济发展和城市化是相伴发生的,但是在非洲,城市化进程并没有带来相应的经济发展,非洲的快速城市化主要是由大量农村人口向城市的盲目流动导致的。文中主要针对非洲快速城市化和经济发展不同步的独特现象,具体分析了导致农村人口向城市迁移的主要原因,并总结出其对中国城市化进程的启示。  相似文献   

Megacities – megarisks     

Friedemann Wenzel  Fouad Bendimerad  Ravi Sinha 《Natural Hazards》2007,42(3):481-491

We review the definitions, population trends, and characteristics of megacities. Characteristics of megacities are, apart from their size, their complexity in terms of administration, infrastructure, traffic, etc., and at the same time the speed of change. Vulnerabilities and risk potential are discussed using the examples of Mexico City and Mumbai. We present the experience accumulated in the 6 years work of the Earthquakes and Megacities Initiative (EMI, ) with more than 20 large cities around the world, mostly located in the developing world. On this background we analyze obstacles that keep megacities from developing an efficient approach towards disaster mitigation and define a strategy that might overcome these problems. The key element of this strategy is the development of a Disaster Risk Management Master Plan (DRMMP) for cities. Currently the Istanbul Earthquake Master Plan (IEMP) serves as best example for an appropriate strategy for disaster reduction in megacities.  相似文献   

Urbanization and water management in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam-issues,challenges and perspectives     

Phu Le Vo 《GeoJournal》2007,70(1):75-89

The management of water resources is an unfinished effort of the international community. Rapid urbanization has transcended the management capacity of governments in developing countries. Since the renovation policy launched in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, has experienced the fastest urbanization and industrialization process. This has placed severe constraints on the use of water resources and management capacity of the local government. The abstraction of groundwater has exceeded the limiting volume (520,000 m³/day) and the annual drawdown of water table is 2–3 m. In addition, the quality of urban water bodies is increasingly exacerbated by a huge volume of untreated industrial and domestic wastewater. These are hampering water demand, use and the capacity of the municipal authority in managing water resources. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of urbanization on water resources. Current issues and challenges in the management practices of water resources are discussed. It will propose a new paradigm of water management in Ho Chi Minh City.  相似文献   

Urbanization and class-produced natures: Vegetable gardens in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region     

Elena Domene 《Geoforum》2007,38(2):287-298

This paper examines urban vegetable gardens in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona (MRB) in the context of a political ecological approach. We argue that these gardens provide an interesting example of how the urbanization process creates particular “socionatures” linked in this case to retired members of the working class who occupy (often as squatters) and transform the interstices left by the expanding city in order to produce food at a small scale. We document how these vegetable gardens are the product of a peculiar form of the recent urban history of the area, and also how they are increasingly under pressure due to the rapid process of sprawl now characterizing the expansion of the built environment in the Barcelona region. Vegetable gardens also highlight the contradictions of public policies in managing urban development, since the general attitude towards their elimination from the urban landscape stands in opposition to many of the sustainability initiatives such as the “greening of cities” promoted by city councils in this area.The empirical analysis was carried out in the municipality of Terrassa, one of the largest cities in the MRB, and also one with a higher number of vegetable gardens. We interviewed 132 plot users and obtained data about the legal status of gardens, their size and appearance, and crops grown, as well as the reasons for pursuing this activity. Our results show that, in general, this is an activity undertaken by people over 60 years old, often retired members of the working class that migrated to Catalonia from other Spanish regions in the 1960s and 1970s, and that use these spaces for a variety of reasons (personal goals, support to their families, and also as a bond to their rural past). Finally, we develop some conclusions regarding vegetable gardens in which we maintain that different social classes may create different natures but that class and power relations appear to legitimize some of these natures over others, for example, private and public gardens having a much larger social and institutional appeal and support than the vegetable gardens of the retired workers.  相似文献   

中西方城市水资源管理的比较及启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖玉芳  郭庆  曾向红  吕艳 《气象与减灾研究》2007,30(4):47-51

介绍了西方水资源的管理模式,并从城市的发展环境、水资源管理机制和措施、污水的处理,对中西方城市水资源的管理进行了比较。在此基础上,结合中国水资源管理状况,提出了中国水资源管理建议。认为目前中国缺乏统一的、可操作性强的水资源管理体系;各地在处理环境指标与经济发展指标的关系问题上,往往认识不足;缺乏统一的流域管理系统;在城市建设与开发过程中,忽视了气候可行性论证和水资源管理问题。中国要做好城市水资源管理工作,应该充分借鉴西方国家成功的治水经验和先进的城市管理经验,建立完善的法律法规体系,成立水管理协会,建立流域管理体系,开展水资源管理示范区建设,调整治污思路,加强城市水资源综合治理,重视气候变化对水资源影响的对策研究,实现可持续的城镇水资源管理。  相似文献   

The COVID-19 pandemic and global environmental change: Emerging research needs     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2006

The outbreak of COVID-19 raised numerous questions on the interactions between the occurrence of new infections, the environment, climate and health. The European Union requested the H2020 HERA project which aims at setting priorities in research on environment, climate and health, to identify relevant research needs regarding Covid-19. The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be related to urbanization, habitat destruction, live animal trade, intensive livestock farming and global travel. The contribution of climate and air pollution requires additional studies. Importantly, the severity of COVID-19 depends on the interactions between the viral infection, ageing and chronic diseases such as metabolic, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and obesity which are themselves influenced by environmental stressors. The mechanisms of these interactions deserve additional scrutiny. Both the pandemic and the social response to the disease have elicited an array of behavioural and societal changes that may remain long after the pandemic and that may have long term health effects including on mental health. Recovery plans are currently being discussed or implemented and the environmental and health impacts of those plans are not clearly foreseen. Clearly, COVID-19 will have a long-lasting impact on the environmental health field and will open new research perspectives and policy needs.  相似文献   

梅州市城镇化发展若干问题的探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

罗迎新 《热带地理》2006,26(4):339-343,348

通过专家咨询与调研,运用定性与定量综合分析方法,阐述了梅州市城镇化发展经历起步、波动徘徊、恢复、提高发展4个阶段基本特征,分析了规划认识不足,基础设施建设滞后,产业结构不合理,城镇管理水平低等不利因素对梅州市城镇化发展的影响,认为实施城镇化发展战略是创新"开放梅州"的环境基础,是创新"工业梅州"的重要载体,是创新"生态梅州"的重要途径,是创新"文化梅州"的孕育温床,提出了梅州市城镇化发展的思路,包括制订城镇发展规划;优化城镇空间结构,建立城镇体系;创新城市管理制度,实施"经营城市"策略;重视文化遗产承传与  相似文献