Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic Multi‐Stage Denudation at the Western Ordos Block: Constraints by the Apatite Fission Track Dating on the Langshan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

CUI Xianyue  ZHAO Qihu  ZHANG Jin  WANG Yannan  ZHANG Beihang  NIE Fengjun  QU Junfeng  ZHAO Heng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(2):536-555

The apatite fission track dating of samples from the Dabashan(i.e., the Langshan in the northeastern Alxa Block) by the laser ablation method and their thermal history modeling of AFT ages are conducted in this study. The obtained results and lines of geological evidence in the study region indicate that the Langshan has experienced complicated tectonic-thermal events during the the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic. Firstly, it experienced a tectonic-thermal event in the Late Cretaceous(~90–70 Ma). The event had little relation with the oblique subduction of the Izanagi Plate along the eastern Eurasian Plate, but was related to the Neo-Tethys subduction and compression between the Lhasa Block and Qiangtang Block. Secondly, it underwent the dextral slip faulting in the Eocene(~50–45 Ma). The strike slip fault may develop in the same tectonic setting as sinistral slip faults in southern Mongolia and thrusts in West Qinling to the southwest Ordos Block in the same period, which is the remote far-field response to the India-Eurasia collision. Thirdly, the tectonic thermal event existed in the late Cenozoic(since ~10 Ma), thermal modeling shows that several samples began their denudation from upper region of partial annealing zone(PAZ), and the denudation may have a great relationship with the growth of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to the northeast. In addition, the AFT ages of Langshan indicate that the main body of the Langshan may be an upper part of fossil PAZ of the Late Cretaceous(~70 Ma). The fossil PAZ were destroyed and deformed by tectonic events repeatedly in the Cenozoic along with the denudation.  相似文献   

Evolution of Tectonic Uplift, Hydrocarbon Migration, and Uranium Mineralization in the NW Junggar Basin: An Apatite Fission-Track Thermochronology Study     

QIN Mingkuan  HUANG Shaohu  HE Zhongbo  XU Qiang  SONG Jiye  LIU Zhangyue  GUO Qiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1901-1916

The Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic movement largely controls the northwest region of the Junggar Basin (NWJB), which is a significant area for the exploration of petroleum and sandstone-type uranium deposits in China. This work collected six samples from this sedimentary basin and surrounding mountains to conduct apatite fission track (AFT) dating, and utilized the dating results for thermochronological modeling to reconstruct the uplift history of the NWJB and its response to hydrocarbon migration and uranium mineralization. The results indicate that a single continuous uplift event has occurred since the Early Cretaceous, showing spatiotemporal variation in the uplift and exhumation patterns throughout the NWJB. Uplift and exhumation initiated in the northwest and then proceeded to the southeast, suggesting that the fault system induced a post spread-thrust nappe into the basin during the Late Yanshanian. Modeling results indicate that the NWJB mountains have undergone three distinct stages of rapid cooling: Early Cretaceous (ca. 140–115 Ma), Late Cretaceous (ca. 80–60 Ma), and Miocene–present (since ca. 20 Ma). These three stages regionally correspond to the Lhasa-Eurasian collision during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (ca. 140–125 Ma), the Lhasa-Gandise collision during the Late Cretaceous (ca. 80–70 Ma), and a remote response to the India-Asian collision since ca. 55 Ma, respectively. These tectonic events also resulted in several regional unconformities between the J3/K1, K2/E, and E/N, and three large-scale hydrocarbon injection events in the Piedmont Thrust Belt (PTB). Particularly, the hydrocarbon charge event during the Early Cretaceous resulted in the initial inundation and protection of paleo-uranium ore bodies that were formed during the Middle–Late Jurassic. The uplift and denudation of the PTB was extremely slow from 40 Ma onward due to a slight influence from the Himalayan orogeny. However, the uplift of the PTB was faster after the Miocene, which led to re-uplift and exposure at the surface during the Quaternary, resulting in its oxidation and the formation of small uranium ore bodies.  相似文献   

卫境岩体磷灰石裂变径迹年代学与华北北缘晚白垩世剥露事件及铀成矿   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

聂逢君  张进  严兆彬  王艳楠  李满根  夏菲  朱成华  王思力  胡鉴 《地质学报》2018,92(2):313-329

中蒙边境地区的海西至燕山期卫境复式花岗岩体属于蒙古-鄂霍茨克大洋关闭后加厚地壳伸展结果的产物。该岩体的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄介于76.7~53.8 Ma之间,结合热模拟分析,卫境岩体在晚白垩世经历了一次快速的剥露事件,而在整个新生代期间则处于非常稳定的低速剥露环境中,没有明显的构造变动。卫境岩体的晚白垩世构造热事件对应于其北部和东部广大早白垩世断陷盆地内(如二连盆地、海拉尔盆地、松嫩盆地等)下白垩统和上白垩统之间的角度不整合,该不整合代表了一次构造反转事件。华北北缘在晚白垩世曾遭受过比较强烈的构造事件的影响,该事件与Izanagi板块快速向东亚之下俯冲有重要关系。综合区域低温热年代学资料,晚白垩世构造事件影响的范围可至卫境岩体以西、满都拉以东地区。模拟结果显示,卫境岩体的剥露速率约为0.1~0.2mm/a。目前华北北缘东部地貌很可能是新生代以来形成的,而非中生代早中期。铀成矿研究表明,二连盆地内晚白垩世二连组湖相泥岩中赋存超大型的同生沉积成岩铀矿化,早白垩世晚期的赛汉组中也赋存了大型的古新世-始新世时期形成的铀矿化,这些铀矿化的形成均在盆地西缘晚白垩世隆起事件之后,富含铀的卫境花岗岩遭受淋滤,铀在含铀含氧流体中不断被搬运至盆地赋矿地层中。由此可见,卫境岩体的抬升剥露是控制盆地内铀成矿的重要条件,抬升时间与二连盆地中铀矿形成的时代基本一致。  相似文献   

磷灰石固定水溶性铅离子研究进展   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

石和彬  刘羽  罗惠华  钟康年 《地质科技情报》1999,18(2):73-76

羟基磷灰石与天然磷灰石均能有效地固定水溶性铅离子,１ｇ羟基磷灰石或改性活性天然磷灰石除去水溶液中的铅离子量可以高达８００ｍｇ;其反应机理以磷灰石的溶解与铅的磷酸盐矿物的沉淀为主,伴有表面吸附作用。羟基磷灰石和改性活化天然磷灰石可用于含铅废水的处理,而性能良好的天然磷灰石在对铅污染水体、土壤及废弃物进行原地改良方面具有广阔的前景。  相似文献   

大别山榴辉岩中磷灰石的结构碳酸根   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李一良  郑永飞 《高校地质学报》1999,5(4):405-411

在大别山东南部的高压和超高压榴辉岩中发现磷灰石含有结构碳酸根。磷灰石主要以包裹体的形式存在于筛状变晶结构的石榴石中,其形成时间早于石榴石和榴辉岩的矿物组合。Ｘ射线衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱研究表明,磷灰石中结构碳酸根替代「ＰＯ４」＾３－,表现为在１４５５－１４２２ｃｍ＾－１的吸收带,以及在１５０℃以下温度难以消除的在１６３０ｃｍ＾－１的吸附水,但常规Ｘ射线衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱难以给出其含量。用EA－MS连线技术测量给出结构碳酸根的含量在0.95-5.24 CO2wt％。榴辉岩磷灰石中结构碳酸根的鉴定和碳含量的定量测定证明,在超高压变质过程中存在含CO2的峰变质流体。  相似文献   

Apatite Chlorine Concentration Measurements by LA‐ICP‐MS     

David M. Chew  Ray A. Donelick  Margaret B. Donelick  Balz S. Kamber  Michael J. Stock 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2014,38(1):23-35

Apatite incorporates variable and significant amounts of halogens (mainly F and Cl) in its crystal structure, which can be used to determine the initial F and Cl concentrations of magmas. The amount of chlorine in the apatite lattice also exerts an important compositional control on the degree of fission‐track annealing. Chlorine measurements in apatite have conventionally required electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) is increasingly used in apatite fission‐track dating to determine U concentrations and also in simultaneous U‐Pb dating and trace element measurements of apatite. Apatite Cl measurements by ICP‐MS would remove the need for EPMA but the high (12.97 eV) first ionisation potential makes analysis challenging. Apatite Cl data were acquired using two analytical set‐ups: a Resonetics M‐50 193 nm ArF Excimer laser coupled to an Agilent 7700× quadrupole ICP‐MS (using a 26 μm spot with an 8 Hz repetition rate) and a Photon Machines Analyte Excite 193 nm ArF Excimer laser coupled to a Thermo Scientific iCAP Qc (using a 30 μm spot with a 4 Hz repetition rate). Chlorine concentrations were determined by LA‐ICP‐MS (1140 analyses in total) for nineteen apatite occurrences, and there is a comprehensive EPMA Cl and F data set for 13 of the apatite samples. The apatite sample suite includes different compositions representative of the range likely to be encountered in natural apatites, along with extreme variants including two end‐member chlorapatites. Between twenty‐six and thirty‐nine isotopes were determined in each apatite sample corresponding to a typical analytical protocol for integrated apatite fission track (U and Cl contents) and U‐Pb dating, along with REE and trace element measurements. ³⁵Cl backgrounds (present mainly in the argon gas) were ~ 45–65 kcps in the first set‐up and ~ 4 kcps in the second set‐up. ³⁵Cl background‐corrected signals ranged from ~ 0 cps in end‐member fluorapatite to up to ~ 90 kcps in end‐member chlorapatite. Use of a collision cell in both analytical set‐ups decreased the low mass sensitivity by approximately an order of magnitude without improving the ³⁵Cl signal‐to‐background ratio. A minor Ca isotope was used as the internal standard to correct for drift in instrument sensitivity and variations in ablation volume during sessions. The ³⁵Cl/⁴³Ca values for each apatite (10–20 analyses each) when plotted against the EPMA Cl concentrations yield excellently constrained calibration relationships, demonstrating the suitability of the analytical protocol and that routine apatite Cl measurements by ICP‐MS are achievable.  相似文献   

Thermochronology of Mesozoic Sandstone from the Beipiao Basin and Its Implication to Meso-Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Yan-Liao Orogenic Belt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YAN Yi  LIN Ge  XIA Bin  LI Zi''an  LI Zhongcheng Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology  Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry  South China Sea Institute of Oceanology  Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wushan  Guangzhou  Guangdong  Jidong Oil  Gas Administration  Tangshan  Hebei 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(2):254-263

1 IntroductionThe Yan-Liao orogenic belt lies in the northern segmentof the North China Block (NCB) (Fig. 1). During Mesozoicto Cenozoic time, it experienced intense tectono-magmaticactivation, accompanied by the formation ofintracontinental basins and widespread magmatism and is avery important area to study continental dynamics andMeso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution in eastern China. Mostof previous work in this area has focused on the formationof basement, structural style and volcano-se…  相似文献   

Shaping the Australian crust over the last 300 million years: Insights from fission track thermotectonic imaging and denudation studies of key terranes     

B. P. Kohn  A. J. W. Gleadow  R. W. Brown  K. Gallagher  P. B. O'Sullivan  D. A. Foster 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):697-717

Apatite fission track thermochronology is a well‐established tool for reconstructing the low‐temperature thermal and tectonic evolution of continental crust. The variation of fission track ages and distribution of fission track lengths are primarily controlled by cooling, which may be initiated by earth movements and consequent denudation at the Earth's surface and/or by changes in the thermal regime. Using numerical forward‐modelling procedures these parameters can be matched with time‐temperature paths that enable thermal and tectonic processes to be mapped out in considerable detail. This study describes extensive Australian regional fission track datasets that have been modelled sequentially and inverted into time‐temperature solutions for visualisation as a series of time‐slice images depicting the cooling history of present‐day surface rocks during their passage through the upper crust. The data have also been combined with other datasets, including digital elevation and heat flow, to image the denudation history and the evolution of palaeotopography. These images provide an important new perspective on crustal processes and landscape evolution and show how important tectonic and denudation events over the last 300 million years can be visualised in time and space. The application of spatially integrated denudation‐rate chronology is also demonstrated for some key Australian terranes including the Lachlan and southern New England Orogens of southeastern Australia, Tasmania, the Gawler Craton, the Mt Isa Inlier, southwestern Australian crystalline terranes (including the Yilgarn Craton) and the Kimberley Block. This approach provides a readily accessible framework for quantifying the otherwise undetectable, timing and magnitude of long‐term crustal denudation in these terranes, for a part of the geological record previously largely unconstrained. Discrete episodes of enhanced denudation occurred principally in response to changes in drainage, base‐level changes and/or uplift/denudation related to far‐field effects resulting from intraplate stress or tectonism at plate margins. The tectonism was mainly associated with the history of continental breakup of the Gondwana Supercontinent from Late Palaeozoic time, although effects related to compression are also recorded in eastern Australia. The results also suggest that the magnitude of denudation of cratonic blocks has been significantly underestimated in previous studies, and that burial and exhumation are significant factors in the preservation of apparent ‘ancient’ features in the Australian landscape.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷新生代地温场特征研究     

韩立国  柳忠泉  徐佑德  许世红  任凤楼  周丽 《海洋地质译丛》2008,(1):19-25

为了找出济阳坳陷内各凹陷成烃演化与古热场间的关系,综合应用镜质体反射率法和磷灰石裂变径迹法恢复了济阳坳陷新生代地温演化历史,结果表明济阳坳陷古地温梯度在新生代是逐渐降低的,其中古近纪比新近纪下降的幅度大;同时济阳坳陷内各凹陷的古地温梯度演化也存在差异,特别是古近纪末期的东营构造运动后,各凹陷的地温梯度演化差异更加明显;根据各凹陷的古热场恢复,新近纪以来东营凹陷的古地温最高,其次是沾化凹陷、惠民凹陷和车镇凹陷;烃源岩的生烃演化历史与其经历的古热场密切相关,古热场越高的地区,烃源岩进入生烃门限的深度就越浅、时间越早。  相似文献   

阿尔泰山南缘白垩纪以来的剥露历史和古地形恢复   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘海涛  袁万明  田朋飞  薛斌  宋高  赵文菊 《岩石矿物学杂志》2012,31(3):412-424

应用裂变径迹技术研究阿尔泰山南缘中新生代以来的隆升剥露历史,并对古地形进行恢复。对所获得的11个磷灰石样品的裂变径迹年龄分析表明,裂变径迹年龄变化分布于99.1~43.7 Ma之间。该地区晚白垩世以来平均视剥露速率为0.050 mm/a。热史模拟结果表明,阿尔泰山南缘自白垩纪以来经历了多期冷却剥露历史:早白垩世至晚白垩世晚期(约120~75 Ma),剥露速率为0.044 mm/a;晚白垩世晚期至始新世(约75-70~50 Ma),剥露速率为0.070 mm/a;中新世以来(约20-15 Ma~现今),剥露速率为0.081 mm/a。对研究区进行古地形恢复显示,自白垩纪(120 Ma)至今,平均剥露幅度达约5 km,古地形海拔降低约0.8 km。阿尔泰山南缘白垩纪以来古地形海拔仅在17.5~50 Ma期间保持基本稳定,其他阶段均有降低的趋势。早白垩世的构造抬升与蒙古-鄂霍茨克海最后阶段的闭合以及西伯利亚板块和中朝-蒙古板块的最终收敛和碰撞有关;晚白垩世晚期至始新世的构造活动则是受拉萨地块、Kohistan-Dras岛弧增生的远距离影响;中新世以来快速隆升可能与印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应有关。  相似文献