浮基多体系统自激运动响应的时域分析方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

沈庆  陈徐均等 《海洋工程》2002,20(2):7-13

浮基多体系统上部机构作业时不仅存在多体系统内部各物体间的耦合作用 ,还存在浮基与流场间的耦合作用。本文将浮基在流场中引起的辐射势表示为浮基加速度与时域规范化速度势乘积的卷积形式 ,导出流体动压力及静水系泊恢复力与浮基运动的关系。使用多刚体力学的凯恩方法得到系统的动力学方程。最后给出了在时域中数值求解系统运动响应的具体步骤  相似文献   

‘Box‐Profile’ Ion Implants as Geochemical Reference Materials for Electron Probe Microanalysis and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry     

Haosheng Wu  Roman Bttger  Frdric Couffignal  Jens Gutzmer  Joachim Krause  Frans Munnik  Axel D. Renno  Ren Hübner  Michael Wiedenbeck  Ren Ziegenrücker 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(4):531-541

Although electron probe microanalysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry are widely used analytical techniques for geochemical and mineralogical applications, metrologically rigorous quantification remains a major challenge for these methods. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in particular is a matrix‐sensitive method, and the use of matrix‐matched reference materials (RMs) is essential to avoid significant analytical bias. A major problem is that the number of available RMs for SIMS is extremely small compared with the needs of analysts. One approach for the production of matrix‐specific RMs is the use of high‐energy ion implantation that introduces a known amount of a selected isotope into a material. We chose the more elaborate way of implanting a so‐called ‘box‐profile’ to generate a quasi‐homogeneous concentration of the implanted isotope in three dimensions, which allows RMs not only to be used for ion beam analysis but also makes them suitable for EPMA. For proof of concept, we used the thoroughly studied mineralogically and chemically ‘simple’ SiO₂ system. We implanted either ⁴⁷Ti or ⁴⁸Ti into synthetic, ultra‐high‐purity silica glass. Several ‘box‐profiles’ with mass fractions between 10 and 1000 μg g^?1 Ti and maximum depths of homogeneous Ti distribution between 200 nm and 3 μm were produced at the Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research of Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf. Multiple implantation steps using varying ion energies and ion doses were simulated with Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) software, optimising for the target concentrations, implantation depths and technical limits of the implanter. We characterised several implant test samples having different concentrations and maximum implantation depths by means of SIMS and other analytical techniques. The results show that the implant samples are suitable for use as reference materials for SIMS measurements. The multi‐energy ion implantation technique also appears to be a promising procedure for the production of EPMA‐suitable reference materials.  相似文献   

基于分区间泛化Kriging近似模型的船舶局部结构形状优化     

张干锋  王德禹 《海洋工程》2018,36(6):46-57

为提高Kriging近似模型在船舶结构性能多维度响应预测方面的适用性,对常规Kriging近似模型进行分区间泛化改进:一是对设计样本点的各个维度(分量)进行划区,并在每一个分区间内采用最优拉丁超立方(OLhd)取样;二是引入比例系数w1组合高斯与指数型相关函数提高模型对数据的泛化能力,从而在每个划分的区间内建立泛化的Kriging近似模型。通过SCH测试函数,验证了构造的分区间泛化Kriging模型有效性。结合参数化建模和改进Kriging近似模型对某过渡肘板和舱口角隅边界进行形状优化,优化第一阶段由改进的近似模型通过多岛遗传算法得到全局初步的最优解,第二阶段在初步解的基础上缩小优化变量范围,由少量的FEM计算即可在小范围内搜寻到精确的最优设计变量。结果表明:分区间泛化Kriging近似模型在预测多维度响应时较常规Kriging模型预测精度更高;分阶段的形状优化流程在保证极小误差和缩小计算成本的情况下能够得到理想的应力分布和重量优化结果,有助于船舶结构的轻量化研究。  相似文献   

A multi‐storage groundwater concept for the SWAT model to emphasize nonlinear groundwater dynamics in lowland catchments          下载免费PDF全文

Matthias Pfannerstill  Björn Guse  Nicola Fohrer 《水文研究》2014,28(22):5599-5612

Hydrological models are useful tools to analyze present and future conditions of water quantity and quality. The integrated modelling of water and nutrients needs an adequate representation of the different discharge components. In common with many lowlands, groundwater contribution to the discharge in the North German lowlands is a key factor for a reasonable representation of the water balance, especially in low flow periods. Several studies revealed that the widely used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model performs poorly for low flow periods. This paper deals with the extension of the groundwater module of the SWAT model to enhance low flow representation. The current two‐storage concept of SWAT was further developed to a three‐storage concept. This was realized due to modification of the groundwater module by splitting the active groundwater storage into a fast and a slow contributing aquifer. The results of this study show that the groundwater module with three storages leads to a good prediction of the overall discharge especially for the recession limbs and the low flow periods. The improved performance is reflected in the signature measures for the mid‐segment (percent bias ?2.4% vs ?15.9%) and the low segment (percent bias 14.8% vs 46.8%) of the flow duration curve. The three‐storage groundwater module is more process oriented than the original version due to the introduction of a fast and a slow groundwater flow component. The three‐storage version includes a modular approach, because groundwater storages can be activated or deactivated independently for subbasin and hydrological response unit level. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

日极端气温的主客观预报能力评估及多模式集成网格释用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴乃庚  曾沁  刘段灵  陈炳洪  赵声蓉  张红艳 《气象》2017,43(5):581-590

精细格点天气预报是我国未来几年天气预报业务发展重点。利用ECMWF、GRAPES等业务数值模式和广东站点观测资料,对日极端气温的主客观预报能力进行了多角度综合评估。统计结果表明,T_(max)、T_(min)的主客观预报误差均存在明显季节差异,在系统误差相对平稳的夏半年主观预报具有较明显订正能力,模式预报呈现一定流依赖特征,温度越高(低),负(正)偏差越明显;主客观预报误差空间分布均受地形影响,随着时效延长误差总体增幅不大,主观订正能力也较稳定。根据以上评估特征和网格预报特点,研究开发了一套多模式动态集成网格释用技术方案(McGF)。结果表明,相比单个模式的预报和主观预报,McGF较明显提升了T_(max)的预报技巧;T_(min)的模式预报偏差总体较T_(max)偏小,McGF提升幅度相对较小;网格释用后的广东区域预报能较合理反映气温空间和强度特征,较周边未经释用区域明显更优。  相似文献   

Multi‐scale approach to mining significant spatial co‐location patterns          下载免费PDF全文

Min Deng  Zhanjun He  Qiliang Liu  Jiannan Cai  Jianbo Tang 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(5):1023-1039

Spatial co‐location pattern mining aims to discover a collection of Boolean spatial features, which are frequently located in close geographic proximity to each other. Existing methods for identifying spatial co‐location patterns usually require users to specify two thresholds, i.e. the prevalence threshold for measuring the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns and distance threshold to search the spatial co‐location patterns. However, these two thresholds are difficult to determine in practice, and improper thresholds may lead to the misidentification of useful patterns and the incorrect reporting of meaningless patterns. The multi‐scale approach proposed in this study overcomes this limitation. Initially, the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns is measured statistically by using a significance test, and a non‐parametric model is developed to construct the null distribution of features with the consideration of spatial auto‐correlation. Next, the spatial co‐location patterns are explored at multi‐scales instead of single scale (or distance threshold) discovery. The validity of the co‐location patterns is evaluated based on the concept of lifetime. Experiments on both synthetic and ecological datasets show that spatial co‐location patterns are discovered correctly and completely by using the proposed method; on the other hand, the subjectivity in discovery of spatial co‐location patterns is reduced significantly.  相似文献   

基于OWA的大理市土地生态安全评价研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张洪  王安琦  宋贝扬 《地理科学》2017,37(11):1778-1784

从自然生态环境角度出发,从自然因子、生态环境因子、景观因子3个层面选取16项评价指标建立大理市土地生态安全评价体系,并运用IDRISI软件中的MCE模块进行有序加权平均算子（OWA）多准则决策评价,得到不同决策风险系数下的大理市土地生态安全评价结果。结果显示,由于决策者风险态度不同,得到土地生态安全评价结果差异较大,在实际应用中,必须结合研究区的实际情况以及规划的目的选择不同的风险系数进行评价,才能得到更加真实有效的结果。  相似文献   

地球空间数据集成多尺度问题基础研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

李军  周成虎 《地球科学进展》2000,15(1):48-52

多尺度数据集成是地球空间数据集成中最难处理的问题。将多尺度数据的集成分解为空间和时间多尺度数据集成,在分析应用项目对数据尺度需求的基础上,就两种多尺度数据集成的传统和数据意义上的集成方法进行了详细的探讨。  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐机场一次寒潮多相态降水过程分析     

王清平  谭艳梅  陈春艳 《气象与环境科学》2018,41(3):109-116

利用常规观测资料及新疆区域自动站、乌鲁木齐风廓线雷达、多普勒雷达资料,针对2015年2月13日发生在乌鲁木齐地区的一次雨雪天气过程,从大气背景环境、风温垂直结构、冷暖平流及雨、雪相态转换成因等方面进行分析。结果表明:此次寒潮降水天气的大尺度环流背景是中亚地区高空脊向极区发展,脊顶北风引导极地冷空气南下,在西西伯利亚地区发展成大槽。大槽东移进入新疆地区后,槽后冷空气与北上的西南暖湿气流在天山山区汇合造成此次寒潮降水天气。乌鲁木齐机场出现雪转雨再转雪等相态转换,是由于先受冷平流控制,随着地面冷锋前部暖平流临近,低空暖层厚度加大,降雪粒子在降落过程中融化为雨滴,地面降水相态转为雨夹雪和雨,冷锋系统进入后,再次处于冷平流控制下,降水相态再由雨转为雪。风廓线雷达风场资料的分析结果表明,空中冷暖平流的性质和转换与降水相态变化有较好的对应关系;风廓线垂直速度显示,降雪粒子与雨滴粒子相比,垂直速度较小且雨滴粒子主要集中在1000 m以下。利用多普勒雷达产品分析地面冷锋的移动、空中冷暖平流的变化,有助于对降水相态变化的预报。  相似文献   

基于多源数据的夜间经济时空分布格局研究方法     

曾磊鑫  刘涛  杜萍 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(1):38-49

夜间经济是一个城市经济发展和消费水平的重要表征。目前国内外研究者对夜间经济的研究多停留在理论层面,或基于市场调研和问卷调查的小范围精细化研究。本文融合多源数据为夜间经济提供了新的视角,相较于传统的调查数据,具有更加快速、高效、广泛的特点,适合于夜间经济大范围研究。本文基于夜间灯光、POI、OD流等多源数据,采用DBSCAN、K-Means++等空间聚类算法和研究供需关系的盈亏法,分别从消费者角度和商户角度识别厦门市夜间活动热点区域和夜间服务设施分布区域,分析厦门市夜间经济时空分布格局及相关性。研究表明:① 厦门市夜间活动在空间上呈多环状分布并向四周递减,夜间活动热点区域分布受假期的影响因地而异;② 厦门市部分区域已有服务设施未能很好地服务于夜间经济,现有的照明、夜景等夜间灯光基础设施存在供给不足之处;③ 居住人口密度与夜间活动密度呈中度正相关,研究结果具有有效性,夜间服务设施盈亏值及数量、夜间灯光与夜间活动密度呈中、弱度相关,并且餐饮设施更加依赖于夜间灯光。最后,为厦门市未来夜间经济建设提出了根据不同的消费人群和心理提供不同的夜间服务、加强夜间灯光基础设施建设以及市场扶持的举措。研究结论对促进社会就业、增强基础设施使用率有积极意义,同时也能够为城市夜间经济发展和政策制定提供参考。  相似文献