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81.
经数百片岩心薄片观察和扫描电镜分析认为,鄂尔多斯盆地南部马家沟组发育微缝、晶间缝、溶缝、破裂缝以及微孔、粒间孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、溶孔和溶洞等多种储集空间类型,其中晶间孔和晶间溶孔是主要的孔隙类型。在孔隙演化过程中白云石化、去膏化和溶蚀作用对形成孔隙有利,而胶结作用、岩溶压实作用、膏化作用及去白云石化作用使孔隙消失,为破坏性成岩作用。低重结晶及中等重结晶作用有利于孔隙的形成,但强重结晶作用不利于孔隙的形成。据盆地南部马家沟组碳酸盐岩经历的成岩环境、成岩阶段及相应成岩作用特征,将其孔隙演化分成早期原生孔隙形成与减少、中期和晚期次生孔隙形成及充填三个阶段。从演化过程来看,中期表生成岩阶段及晚期深埋藏成岩阶段对有效储集空间的最终形成具有决定意义。  相似文献   
82.
中国的火山岩油气勘探近年来进展非常快,并不断在许多盆地发现了优质火山岩储层,其中风化壳型储层作为非常重要的火山岩储集体类型而倍受重视。三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系风化壳型储层储集空间以溶蚀孔洞缝为主,储层物性非常好。通过火山岩油气勘探中的野外露头观察、钻井取心、镜下薄片鉴定,及主量元素、微量元素等分析化验资料,并结合火山岩岩石学特征和物性特点,初步建立了该区的风化壳储层的发育模式,将火山岩风化壳储层在垂向上自上而下划分为五个带: ①最终分解产物带; ②水解带; ③淋滤带; ④崩解带; ⑤未风化带(母岩)。淋滤带储集物性最好,该区风化淋滤是改善储层的关键。  相似文献   
83.
羌塘盆地侏罗系低渗透碎屑岩储集层特征   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
羌塘盆地侏罗系碎屑岩主要包括三角洲相、滨海相和河流相砂体,岩性以细砂岩和粉砂岩为主。储层经历了较强的压实作用和胶结作用,颗粒间线—凹凸接触,胶结物主要为钙质和硅质,储集空间以次生溶孔为主,包括颗粒溶孔、粒间溶孔等,溶孔以中孔和小孔为主,喉道为细喉和微喉,构造裂缝的发育对改善储层的渗透性有重要作用。物性统计表明:孔隙度大多小于5%,渗透率小于1mD,为低孔、低渗储层。结合低渗储层分类标准,将碎屑岩储集层分为3类进行了评价,认为上侏罗统雪山组储层最好,其次为中侏罗统雀莫错组,而夏里组相对较差;最有利储集层发育区主要位于北羌塘坳陷西部中央隆起带北缘和盆地东部雀莫错地区,较有利储层发育区位于北羌塘坳陷中部和东部地区,南羌塘坳陷储集层较差。压实作用和胶结作用较强,后期溶蚀作用相对较弱,是造成目前低孔低渗储层的主要因素。  相似文献   
84.
Oil-water transition zones in carbonate reservoirs represent important but rarely studied diagenetic environments that are now increasingly re-evaluated because of their potentially large effects on reservoir economics. Here, data from cathodoluminescence and fluorescence microscopy, isotope geochemistry, microthermometry, and X-ray tomography are combined to decipher the diagenetic history of a 5-m-long core interval comprising the oil-water transition zone in a Lower Pennsylvanian carbonate reservoir. The aim is to document the cementation dynamics prior, during, and after oil emplacement in its context of changing fluid parameters. Intergrain porosity mean values of 7% are present in the upper two sub-zones of the oil-water transitions zone but values sharply increase to a mean of 14% in the lower sub-zone grading into the water-saturated portions of the reservoir and a very similar pattern is observed for permeability values. In the top of the water-filled zone, cavernous porosity with mean values of about 24% is found. Carbonate cements formed from the earliest marine to the late burial stage. Five calcite (Ca-1 through 5) and one dolomite (Dol) phase are recognized with phase Ca-4b recording the onset of hydrocarbon migration. Carbon and oxygen cross-plots clearly delineate different paragenetic phases with Ca-4 representing the most depleted δ13C ratios with mean values of about −21‰. During the main phase of oil emplacement, arguably triggered by far-field Alpine tectonics, carbonate cementation was slowed down and eventually ceased in the presence of hydrocarbons and corrosive fluids with temperatures of 110–140 °C and a micro-hiatal surface formed in the paragenetic sequence. These observations support the “oil-inhibits-diagenesis” model. The presence an earlier corrosion surface between phase Ca-3 and 4 is best assigned to initial pulses of ascending corrosive fluids in advance of hydrocarbons. The short-lived nature of the oil migration event found here is rather uncommon when compared to other carbonate reservoirs. The study is relevant as it clearly documents the strengths of a combined petrographic and geochemical study in order to document the timing of oil migration in carbonate reservoirs and its related cementation dynamics.  相似文献   
85.
This paper provides an example of an integrated multi-scale study of a carbonate reservoir. The Danian Lower R2 carbonate reservoir is located in the South of the Aquitaine Basin (France) and represents a potential underground gas storage site for Gaz de France. The Danian Lower R2 reservoir was deposited as a prograding carbonate platform bordered by a reef barrier. The effects of sedimentary and diagenetic events on the reservoir properties, particularly dolomitization, were evaluated. In this study, the reservoir quality has been assessed by seismic analyses at the basin scale, by log-analysis at the reservoir scale, by petrographic methods and by petrophysical tools at the pore-core scale.Two dolomitization stages, separated by a compaction event with associated fracturing and stylolites, have been identified. These diagenetic events have significantly improved the Lower R2 carbonate reservoir properties. It is demonstrated that the reservoir quality is mainly controlled by the pore-geometry, which is determined by various diagenetic processes. The permeability values of the reservoir range over 4 orders of magnitude, from 0.1 to 5600 mD and the porosity values range between 2 and 42%. Reservoir unit 4 (a karstic dolomite) shows the best reservoir properties with average porosity values ranging between 11.1% and 19.3% and an average permeability ranging between 379 and 766 mD. Reservoir unit 2 (a fine-grained limestone) shows the worst reservoir properties. The cementation factors range from 1.68 to 2.48. The dolomitic crystal carbonate texture (mainly units 3 and 4) shows the highest value of the cementation factor (1.98–2.48) and formation factor (9.54–36.97), which is due to its high degree of cementation. The saturation exponents vary between 1.2 and 3.4. Using these experimental electrical parameters and the resistivity laterolog tool we predicted the water saturation in the various reservoir units. The permeability was predicted by combining the formation factor with the micro-geometric characteristic length. The best fit is obtained with the Katz and Thompson's model and for a constant of 1/171.  相似文献   
86.
Total suspended matter was collected along the Yangtze River (Changjiang) and in the East China Sea in April to May and in September 2003, respectively, to study origin and fate of particulate organic nitrogen. Concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC), nitrogen (PN) and hydrolyzable particulate amino acids (PAA; d- and l-enantiomers) were higher in the Yangtze Estuary than in the river and decreased offshore towards the shelf edge. In the coastal area, higher values of PAA were observed in the surface layer than in the bottom water. Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of POC increased from − 24.4‰ in the river to values around − 21‰ on the East China Sea Shelf. Dominant amino acids were aspartic acid + aspartine (Asx), glutamic acid + glutamine (Glx), glycine, alanine and serine. The proportions of Asx, Glx and isoleucine were higher in the marine than in the riverine samples contrary to the distributions of glycine, alanine, threonine and arginine. The proportions of d-amino acids were highest in the riverine suspended organic matter (6% of PAA) decreasing towards the shelf edge (1.5% of PAA). d-arginine, not reported in natural aquatic samples so far, was the most abundant d-amino acid in the river. The amino acid composition of the particulate organic matter (POM) in the Yangtze River indicates an advanced stage of degradation of POM. Highly degraded organic matter from soils is probably a main source of POM in the Yangtze River, but the relatively high δ13C values and low C/N ratios (7.7 ± 1.6) also indicate contribution from anthropogenic sources. The degraded riverine material was a dominant organic matter source in the estuary, where aquatic primary production had only a small overall contribution. In the East China Sea, gradual settling of riverine organic matter and the addition of fresher phytoplankton impacted the amino acid composition and δ13C values, and on the outer shelf relatively fresh phytoplankton-derived organic matter dominated.  相似文献   
87.
The Tawil Sandstone (Lower Devonian) in Central Saudi Arabia overlies the Sharwara Member of the Tayyarat Formation (Silurian) and succeeded conformly by the Shaiba Member of the Jauf Formation. Petrographical data reveal that the Tawil Sandstone comprises 96% quartz, 3% feldspar, and 1% rock fragments and all samples are classified as quartz arenites. The presence of well sorted, altered to fresh feldspar, and discriminate function analysis suggests that the sediments have been subjected to substartial reworking resulting in a high level of maturity. Modal analysis data (Q–F–L) suggest a stable cratonic provenance for the sediments and accumulation in a passive margin basin is indicated (binary plot of SiO2 vs K2O/Na2O). Diagenetic features include dissolution of feldspar and rock fragments, compaction, reduction of the existing pore space through rearrangements, and rotation and fragmentation of grains resulting in dissolution of quartz grains and cementation.  相似文献   
88.
IntroductionTheorderingofdiageneticeventsisoneofthemostimportantkeystotheultimateinterpretationofthewaysinwhichthegeologicalandgeochemicalhistoryofasandstoneaffecteditscompositionandtexture .Thisarti clegiveadetaildescriptionandoriginexplanationtothea…  相似文献   
89.
川北阿坝地区三叠系粘土矿物特征及地质意义   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
分析了川北阿坝地区三叠系泥质岩的岩石矿物组合、粘土矿物类型、伊利石结晶度和镜质体反射率特征,并以此划分成岩演化阶段及变质程度。以成岩作用—极低级变质作用的研究方法,明确了阿坝地区成岩作用及极低级变质作用的上、下界限及区域分布规律:以唐克为中心的地区处于成岩作用晚期阶段,成岩作用温度200~212℃,伊利石结晶度IC≥0.42;周围地区处于极低级变质作用阶段,成岩作用温度212~222℃,伊利石结晶度IC<0.42。镜质体反射率(Ro)也具有同样的演化规律。对该地区域上成岩演化的差异及原因作如下解释:由于构造活动的远近程效应存在差异,该地区的周缘明显受到构造作用的影响,因叠加动力变质而达到极低级变质作用阶段;唐克位于阿坝地块中心,受构造作用的影响相对较小,因而处于成岩作用晚期阶段。  相似文献   
90.
莫索湾地区侏罗系三工河组储集层沉积及成岩作用特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
主要根据5口评价井,莫101、莫102、莫103、莫104、莫105井及盆5、盆6井的取心资料、电测曲线、综合录井资料以及地震资料分析研究,得出研究区侏罗系三工河组J1s2^2;地层的岩石学特征,认为储层的岩石类型为细中粒岩屑砂岩及不等粒岩屑砂岩,细粒岩屑砂岩少量.沉积相为三角洲前缘亚相,并指出它们在纵向上的沉积序列特征及砂体展布特征.通过大量的分析化验数据分析了成岩作用类型,划分了其成岩序列及成岩阶段.指出压实作用、粘土矿物及敏感性及软碎屑等因素不同程度的影响了储集层。  相似文献   
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