瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachellii)Toll样受体2(TLR2)基因克隆及免疫功能     

覃川杰  龚全  文正勇  袁登越  王均  贺扬  邵婷 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(1):198-206

为探究Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptor 2,TLR2)及下游免疫分子对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachellii)机体的保护作用,本研究采用RT-PCR及RACE法获得瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2全长c DNA(2611bp),编码789个氨基酸残基,含有10个富含亮氨酸的重复序列(Leucine Rich Repeat,LRR)和Toll/IL-1R(Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain,TIR)同源区结构域,属I型跨膜受体。序列同源性比对发现,瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2 c DNA与斑点叉尾、鲤及虹鳟的同源性分别为78%、62%及49%。系统进化树分析表明,瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2与斑点叉尾聚为一支。q RT-PCR分析表明,TLR2 m RNA在检测的组织中均有表达,且在头肾和脾脏中表达水平显著高于其他组织(P0.05)。嗜水气单胞菌感染能显著上调瓦氏黄颡鱼肝脏、头肾及脾脏中TLR2 m RNA表达(P0.05),分别在24h、48h及12h达到最大值。头肾中的TLR 2信号通路下游的髓样分化因子、半胱氨酸蛋白酶8、核转录因子kappa B、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1βm RNA均显著上升(P0.05),分别在24h、12h、48h,48h和48h达到最大值。结果表明,嗜水气单胞菌感染激活了TLR2信号通路,通过上调表达,肿瘤坏死因子α,白细胞介素1β等。本研究表明,TLR2在瓦氏黄颡鱼抵御嗜水气单胞菌侵染的过程中发挥了重要的免疫作用。  相似文献   

一套具有更高时空分辨率的全球海洋叶绿素浓度遥感融合产品数据集     

肖艳芳  张杰  崔廷伟  孙凌 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):118-130

认识海洋在全球碳循环中的作用及其对环境变化的响应，需要高时空分辨率的观测数据。由于轨道宽度、云雨天气、太阳耀斑等的影响，单一的水色传感器的观测能力十分有限，将多源海洋水色卫星进行融合是提高水色数据时空覆盖的一种有效途径。SeaWiFS和MERIS分别于2010年12月11日和2012年5月9日停止运行，在很大程度上降低了水色融合产品时空覆盖的提升。我们在融合过程中加入了FY-3 MERSI数据，生成了全球海洋叶绿素浓度遥感融合产品数据集。数据源包括SeaWiFS、MERIS、MODIS-Aqua、VIIRS和MERSI。结果表明：加入MERSI后，融合产品的日平均有效空间覆盖提高了9%；采样频率（同一区域一年中获取有效数据的次数）由57天/年提高到109天/年。利用实测数据和国外同类融合产品（ESA GlobColour和NASA MEaSUREs）对新的数据集进行了质量评价。与实测数据相比，加入MERSI的融合产品精度与未加入MERSI的融合产品基本一致；与国外同类融合产品的偏差小于10%。新数据集的时间序列特性与未加入MERSI的融合产品以及单传感器的一致。  相似文献   

九孔鲍BMP-2基因cDNA克隆及表达分析     

艾加林  栗志民  刘建勇  申玉春 《海洋科学》2018,42(8):107-115

为探究BMP-2基因在九孔鲍(Haliotisdiversicolorsupertexta)中的功能,采用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术从九孔鲍外套膜中获得了BMP-2基因cDNA全长,并用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测了BMP-2基因在各组织和发育时期的表达水平。结果表明:九孔鲍BMP-2基因cDNA全长2572bp,其中5′非编码区(5′UTR)123bp, 3′非编码区(3′UTR)1150bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1299 bp,编码432个氨基酸,其分子质量为48.59ku,理论等电点(pI)为9.84;具有N端信号肽(1-39 aa)、TGF-β前肽区域(63-294 aa)和TGF-β成熟肽区域(331-432 aa),以及蛋白酶水解位点RLRR (272-275 aa)和7个保守的半胱氨酸残基,符合TGF-β超家族蛋白典型结构特征。系统进化树结果显示九孔鲍BMP-2基因和耳鲍聚为一支。qRT-PCR结果表明BMP-2基因在九孔鲍的6个组织中均有表达,在足、右侧壳肌、外套膜及肝脏中显著高表达;在检测的7个发育时期均表达,其中在受精卵、4细胞、8细胞、原肠胚、稚鲍时期表达量显著高于卵、幼鲍时期。研究表明BMP-2基因可能在九孔鲍贝壳形成中具有重要作用。  相似文献   

GPS/BDS分类组合定位的指数加权Helmert方差分量估计法     

刘天骏  王坚  韩厚增  宁一鹏  余航 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(7):684-688

针对北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）星座结构复杂、不同类型卫星观测值残差差异较大的不利条件，将BDS系统中IGSO、MEO、GEO 3种卫星的观测值进行分类定权，提出一种顾及历史权比的指数加权Helmert方差分量估计法来精确确定不同系统之间观测值的权阵。为了验证该方法在GPS/BDS组合定位中的有效性，采用单点定位模型分别进行静态和动态导航实验，并将其定位结果与等权模型以及不考虑指数加权的Helmert方差分量估计方法进行对比。结果表明，采用改进的加权方法，在东、北、天3个方向的定位精度均获得显著提高，在静态条件下，相对于等权模型，改进方法3个方向的定位精度提高幅度分别达到50.0%、51.0%和42.0%；在动态条件下，定位精度提高幅度分别为10.0%、8.0%和9.0%。特别在卫星数量较少、卫星几何图形强度较差时，定位结果的改善效果更为明显。  相似文献   

基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS信号捕获方法     

杨久东  吴风华  王文军 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(8):828-831

针对目前GPS软件接收机C/A码捕获信噪比门限高、捕获速度慢的问题，提出一种基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS弱信号捕获方法。首先，基于平均相关处理技术降低C/A码捕获过程中的自相关损耗，提高对微弱信号的捕获能力；然后，利用叠加相关提高相干运算的运算效率，并采用线性插值提高自相关函数性能；最后，利用频偏校正和内插进一步提高C/A信号的捕获精度。理论分析和仿真实验均验证，该方法能够在较低的信噪比下实现GPS信号捕获，且精度较高、运算量较低。  相似文献   

Influence of dissolution/reprecipitation reactions on metamorphic greenschist to amphibolite facies mica 40Ar/39Ar ages in the Longmen Shan (eastern Tibet)          下载免费PDF全文

Laura Airaghi  Clare J. Warren  Julia de Sigoyer  Pierre Lanari  Valérie Magnin 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(7):933-958

Linking ages to metamorphic stages in rocks that have experienced low‐ to medium‐grade metamorphism can be particularly tricky due to the rarity of index minerals and the preservation of mineral or compositional relicts. The timing of metamorphism and the Mesozoic exhumation of the metasedimentary units and crystalline basement that form the internal part of the Longmen Shan (eastern Tibet, Sichuan, China), are, for these reasons, still largely unconstrained, but crucial for understanding the regional tectonic evolution of eastern Tibet. In situ core‐rim ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar biotite and U–Th/Pb allanite data show that amphibolite facies conditions (~10–11 kbar, 530°C to 6–7 kbar, 580°C) were reached at 210–180 Ma and that biotite records crystallization, rather than cooling, ages. These conditions are mainly recorded in the metasedimentary cover. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages obtained from matrix muscovite that partially re‐equilibrated during the post peak‐P metamorphic history comprise a mixture of ages between that of early prograde muscovite relicts and the timing of late muscovite recrystallization at c. 140–120 Ma. This event marks a previously poorly documented greenschist facies metamorphic overprint. This latest stage is also recorded in the crystalline basement, and defines the timing of the greenschist overprint (7 ± 1 kbar, 370 ± 35°C). Numerical models of Ar diffusion show that the difference between ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar biotite and muscovite ages cannot be explained by a slow and protracted cooling in an open system. The model and petrological results rather suggest that biotite and muscovite experienced different Ar retention and resetting histories. The Ar record in mica of the studied low‐ to medium‐grade rocks seems to be mainly controlled by dissolution–reprecipitation processes rather than by diffusive loss, and by different microstructural positions in the sample. Together, our data show that the metasedimentary cover was thickened and cooled independently from the basement prior to c. 140 Ma (with a relatively fast cooling at 4.5 ± 0.5°C/Ma between 185 and 140 Ma). Since the Lower Cretaceous, the metasedimentary cover and the crystalline basement experienced a coherent history during which both were partially exhumed. The Mesozoic history of the Eastern border of the Tibetan plateau is therefore complex and polyphase, and the basement was actively involved at least since the Early Cretaceous, changing our perspective on the contribution of the Cenozoic geology.  相似文献   

考虑视觉传达效果的震后区域三维图像虚拟重建          下载免费PDF全文

刘旭 《地震工程学报》2018,40(4):826-832

传统二维震害图像方法对震后区域进行研究时,由于其拍摄角度具有局限性,震后区域图像的视觉效果不理想。提出基于三维激光扫描技术的震后区域三维虚拟重建方法,采用三维激光扫描仪测量震后区域,获取该区域的点云数据,采用Cyclone软件合并点云数据后,得到震后区域拼接后的整体点云图,将该图点云数据进行去体外孤点、去噪声点以及点云取样等处理后实施封装,在封装的点云数据上采用Sketch模型实施贴图操作,实现视觉传达效果理想的震后区域三维图形的虚拟重建。实验证明,所提方法对震后区域的三维图像虚拟重建结果精度高、视觉效果好。  相似文献   

Analysis of the Characteristics of the D.P.R. Korean Seismic Event on September 23, 2017     

Du Guangbao  Zhao Yong  Sun Li  He Shaolin  Liu Jie 《中国地震研究》2018,32(2):280-287

A M3. 4 seismic event occurred in the Punggye-ri nuclear test site,D. P. R Korea at 16∶29 p.m. on September 23,2017. We analyzed the waveforms of this event recorded by the China Earthquake Networks Center. In conclusion,this event is complex,including an explosion with a successive earthquake. Although the beginning of the event is an explosion,fault dislocation plays the main role in the event.  相似文献   

贺兰山—银川地堑及邻区重力异常特征及构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴桂桔  谈洪波  孙凯  王嘉沛  习宇飞  申重阳 《地球物理学报》2020,63(3):1002-1013

贺兰山—银川地堑及邻区地质结构复杂,对该区域深浅结构特征的研究具有重要意义.本文采用重力归一化总梯度成像和二维小波多尺度分解方法对研究区内重力异常进行了垂向和横向构造分析.重力归一化总梯度成像结果显示高低转换带的倾角、倾向与地质上的贺兰山东麓断裂、银川断裂和黄河断裂分布吻合较好,贺兰山西麓断裂与贺兰山东麓断裂汇交深度约18 km,银川断裂与黄河断裂汇交深度约25 km;二维小波多尺度分解成像结果表明正谊关断裂、贺兰山西麓断裂、芦花台断裂和银川断裂为上地壳断裂,贺兰山东麓断裂、青铜峡—固原断裂以及黄河断裂为下地壳断裂,且这三大断裂可能分别是阿拉善地块东南边界和鄂尔多斯地块西南边界;1739年平罗M 8.0古地震震中与银川断裂在重力剖面深度约15 km汇交,其垂向高低梯度为强变形带,同时古地震震中位于重力正负异常转换部位的低值区,据此可推断此次古地震的发震构造是银川断裂.这些结论可提高对贺兰山—银川地堑及邻区地质结构的认识,为该区地壳动力学过程及强震的孕震机理研究提供一定的科学依据.  相似文献   

Water transport and tracer mixing in volcanic ash soils at a tropical hillslope: A wet layered sloping sponge     

Giovanny M. Mosquera  Patricio Crespo  Lutz Breuer  Jan Feyen  David Windhorst 《水文研究》2020,34(9):2032-2047

Andosol soils formed in volcanic ash provide key hydrological services in montane environments. To unravel the subsurface water transport and tracer mixing in these soils we conducted a detailed characterization of soil properties and analyzed a 3-year data set of sub-hourly hydrometric and weekly stable isotope data collected at three locations along a steep hillslope. A weakly developed (52–61 cm depth), highly organic andic (Ah) horizon overlaying a mineral (C) horizon was identified, both showing relatively similar properties and subsurface flow dynamics along the hillslope. Soil moisture observations in the Ah horizon showed a fast responding (few hours) “rooted” layer to a depth of 15 cm, overlying a “perched” layer that remained near saturated year-round. The formation of the latter results from the high organic matter (33–42%) and clay (29–31%) content of the Ah horizon and an abrupt hydraulic conductivity reduction in this layer with respect to the rooted layer above. Isotopic signatures revealed that water resides within this soil horizon for short periods, both at the rooted (2 weeks) and perched (4 weeks) layer. A fast soil moisture reaction during rainfall events was also observed in the C horizon, with response times similar to those in the rooted layer. These results indicate that despite the perched layer, which helps sustain the water storage of the soil, a fast vertical mobilization of water through the entire soil profile occurs during rainfall events. The latter being the result of the fast transmissivity of hydraulic potentials through the porous matrix of the Andosols, as evidenced by the exponential shape of the water retention curves of the subsequent horizons. These findings demonstrate that the hydrological behavior of volcanic ash soils resembles that of a “layered sponge,” in which vertical flow paths dominate.  相似文献