On effective characteristic of Rayleigh surface wave propagation in porous fluid-saturated media at low frequencies     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

  相似文献   

Solution of dynamic Green׳s function for unsaturated soil under internal excitation     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

The closed form three-dimensional Green׳s function of a semi-infinite unsaturated poroelastic medium subjected to an arbitrary internal harmonic loading is derived, with consideration of capillary pressure and dynamic shear modulus varying with saturation. By applying the Fourier expansion techniques and Hankel integral transforms to the circumferential and radial coordinates, respectively, the general solution for the governing partial differential equations is obtained in the transformed domain. A corresponding boundary value problem is formulated. The integral solutions for the induced displacements, pore pressure and net stress are then determined considering the continuity conditions. The formulas are compared with the degenerated solution of saturated soils and confirmed. Numerical results reveal that the response of the unsaturated half-space depends significantly on the saturation by altering dynamic shear modulus to account for the effects of matric suction on soil stiffness. Slight differences between the results occur if only the saturation is taken into account. Moreover, a large source-depth results in a pronounced contribution to the reduction of surface displacement amplitudes. The analytical solutions concluded in the study offer a broader application to dynamic response associated with axi-symmetric and asymmetric conditions.  相似文献   

张衡地动仪（1）：诞生的历史   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

冯锐 《中国地震研究》2014,28(1):1-11

The emergence of Zhang Heng＇s seismoscope has a profound historical background. This paper intends to explore the formation and material basis of Zhang Heng＇s scientific thought. It appears that the simple intention of ＂observing visions and distinguishing good fortune or misfortune＂ was his motivation to develop the seismoscope. Tracing its historical background, the authors proposed in this paper that the development of this seismoscope started around 128 A.D., and based on perceptual knowledge, two ideas about earthquakes came into being, i. e. , earthquake location could be judged according to the instrument shaking direction, and the earthquake and earth split were essentially different. In the instrument manufacture, Zhang Heng advocated a principle of ＂making utensils to imitate cosmos ＂. By this principle, the following three problems were readily solved： the seismoscope imitated the response of the suspension system to earthquakes （ i.e. natural seismoscope） . Technically, the trigger mechanism of the latch was used for reference, and it recorded the physical evidence of earthquake occurrence by an ingenious way of a ball dropping from a dragon＇s mouth. The solution of these three key problems lead to the emergence of the seismoscope in 132 A.D. and the successful detection of an earthquake in 134 A.D. His invention deepened humanity＇s knowledge of natural laws, and promoted the development of science and technology in that time and later.  相似文献   

Plastic ingestion by fulmars and shearwaters at Sable Island,Nova Scotia,Canada     

《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,88(1-2):68-75

Plastic pollution is widespread in the marine environment, and plastic ingestion by seabirds is now widely reported for dozens of species. Beached Northern Fulmars, Great Shearwaters, Sooty Shearwaters and Cory’s Shearwaters are found on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada regularly, and they can be used to assess plastic pollution. All species except Cory’s Shearwaters contained plastic debris in their gastrointestinal tracts. Northern Fulmars, Sooty Shearwaters and Great Shearwaters all showed high prevalence of plastic ingestion (>72%), with Northern Fulmars having the highest number and mass of plastics among the species examined. There was no difference in plastic ingestion between sexes or age classes. In all species user plastics made up the majority of the pieces found, with industrial pellets representing only a small proportion in the samples. Sable Island could be an important monitoring site for plastic pollution in Atlantic Canada.  相似文献   

空沟对列车运行引起的地基振动隔振效果研究     

曹志刚  蔡袁强  徐长节 《岩土力学》2012,33(8):2373-2382

为研究空沟对高速列车引起地基振动的隔振效果,在已有研究基础上改进出一种新的解析研究模型。模型中首次运用了饱和半空间模型来研究地基上隔振沟对高速列车的隔振效果;隔振沟则通过在饱和半空间土体上设置3个合适宽度、截面为矩形的弹性层来模拟;中间矩形弹性层为路堤,路堤上方放置了枕木与轨道。枕木与轨道分别通过纵向异性Kirchhoff薄板与Euler梁来模拟,饱和土地基采用Biot多孔饱和介质理论来描述。控制方程通过傅立叶变换与傅立叶级数展开,在变换域中进行求解。研究表明,随着列车运行速度的提高,空沟的隔振效果明显提高;饱和土体固-液相的耦合作用对隔振沟的隔振效果的影响明显,尤其当列车运行速度超过土体表面Rayleigh波速时,随着土体渗透系数的增加,空沟隔振效果显著降低。此外,列车运行速度超过土体表面波速时,饱和土地基上空沟的隔振效果明显优于相应单相弹性地基上空沟的隔振效果。  相似文献   

基于反褶积算法的地震干涉技术被动源成像     

王德利  程浩  朱恒  冯飞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(6):1920-1926

地震干涉技术可以将任意2个检波器接收到的数据合成为在若干检波器之间传播的波,就好像其中的一个检波器作为一个虚拟震源来发挥作用。它可以从混沌无序的地震信号中发现有用信息,从地震噪声中提取有用信号以此推断地震波穿过介质的地质构造。基于反褶积算法,对其理论公式进行了较详细的推导,实现被动源地震干涉成像,证明了反褶积算法的可行性;并将其结果与互相关算法的结果进行对比,分析了2种方法在信噪比和分辨率方面的差异。数值计算表明,反褶积算法的纵向分辨率比互相关算法的高。对其进行的加噪试算表明,震源叠加后的反褶积算法呈现出高信噪比的特点。  相似文献   

SH波上方垂直入射时界面附近椭圆夹杂与裂纹的动态响应     

杨在林  许华南  黑宝平 《岩土力学》2013,34(8):2378-2384

采用Green函数、保角映射等方法分析SH波上方垂直入射时弹性半空间中椭圆形弹性夹杂与任意方位裂纹的相互作用。首先,求解含椭圆形弹性夹杂的弹性半空间内任意一点承受时间谐和出平面线源荷载作用时的位移基本解,即Green函数,再结合裂纹切割法构造裂纹,得到SH波上方垂直入射时椭圆夹杂和裂纹同时存在条件下的位移场与应力场。作为算例,给出大量的数值结果,探讨不同参数情况下弹性夹杂周边动应力集中系数（DSCF）、地表位移及裂纹尖端动应力强度因子（DSIF）的分布规律,结果表明不同参数的变化会对三者的分布带来一定的影响。  相似文献   

地球弓激波的旋转非对称性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

胡友秋  彭忠  王赤 《地球物理学报》2010,53(4):773-781

通过对太阳风-磁层-电离层系统的全球MHD模拟,研究地球弓激波相对日地连线的旋转非对称性．模拟限于太阳风速度沿日地连线、地球磁偶极矩和行星际磁场（IMF）与日地连线垂直的简单情况．模拟结果表明,即便对于IMF强度为零的情况,弓激波相对日地连线也不具备旋转对称性质：终端面（晨昏子午面）及其向阳侧的弓激波截线的东西宽度大于南北宽度（约9%~11％）,终端面尾侧的弓激波截线东西宽度小于南北宽度（约8％）．在存在IMF的情况下,弓激波的位形同时受到磁层顶的形状和快磁声波速度各向异性的影响．磁层顶向外扩张并沿IMF方向拉伸,且其扩张和拉伸程度随IMF由北转南而增强．在磁鞘中,垂直于磁场方向的快磁声波速度高于平行方向．因此,磁层顶拉伸方向与快磁声波速度最大方向垂直,它们对弓激波位置的效应恰好相反;弓激波的最终形状取决于何种效应占据主导地位．对于终端面尾侧,快磁声波速度的各向异性起主导作用,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度大于平行方向．对于终端面及其向阳侧,弓激波截线的形状与IMF取向有关：在准北向或晨昏向IMF情况下,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度仍大于平行方向;在准南向IMF情况下,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度小于平行方向的．鉴于弓激波形状同IMF取向之间的密切关系,我们提议以IMF为基准方向,提取弓激波截线的平行半宽度R_b∥和垂直半宽度R_b⊥作为尺度参数．这些尺度参数和通常引入的弓激波截线的东西半宽度y_b和南北半宽度z_b相比,更为合理地表征了弓激波的几何性质．模拟结果表明,在终端面上,y_b/z_b和R_b∥/R_b⊥在IMF各向同性取向下的统计平均值均低于1,与观测得到的结论一致.  相似文献   

论党的第二代领导集体对政治民主化的贡献     

郭万敏  巩建华 《广东海洋大学学报》2010,30(2):69-72

政治文明是社会主义社会政治现代化建设的重要目标,而政治民主化是政治文明发展的重要体现。党的第二代领导集体在社会主义政治民主化方面作出了重要贡献,即健全与完善了人民代表大会制度、党内民主制度以及基层民主制度,积极推动了中国社会主义政治文明的发展进程。  相似文献   

一维大变形主、次固结耦合新模型   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

丁洲祥  袁大军  朱合华 《岩土力学》2010,31(8):2367-2372

针对传统一维大变形固结理论不能考虑土体次固结变形的缺点,在连续介质力学有限变形理论和土力学固结理论基础上,提出了全新的一维大变形主、次固结耦合模型。该模型采用超静孔压为控制变量,可以分别表述为欧拉坐标、拉格朗日坐标和固相体积坐标等三种形式,其中均可以显式地反映出土体重度变化、固相速度、地表沉降速度、地下水位变化、荷载变化和次固结等6个因素的影响。在不同简化条件下,新模型可以分别退化为以往学者提出的相关模型。当不考虑次固结效应时,新模型与经典的Gibson大变形固结模型完全等价。从便于工程应用的角度而言,新模型中仅考虑次固结和外荷载变化的退化形式更便于求解,可作为一种供参考的实用模型。  相似文献