机载LiDAR技术应用于茂密植被山区地质灾害调查     

孙涛  徐明宇  董秀军  潘星 《测绘通报》2021,(4):90-97

我国茂密植被山区地质灾害具有高位、高隐蔽性的特点,传统地质灾害排查手段在有效解决隐患的早期识别方面存在一定困难。机载雷达技术不仅可获取地面反射的三维激光点云,同时能够提供高分辨率、高精度的地形地貌二维影像。机载雷达的多次回波技术可“穿透”地面植被,通过滤波算法能够有效去除地表植被的影响,获取真地面高程数据信息,从而可获取相关区域精细准确的地面特征和坡体变形迹象及灾害体形态特征。本文将机载LiDAR技术在广东佛山西樵山公园进行应用实践,研究成果表明,机载LiDAR技术可提高茂密植被山区地质灾害隐患的早期识别能力,对进一步提高综合防灾减灾能力作用显著。  相似文献   

中蒙俄经济走廊沿海与内陆NDVI分布特征     

王凤艳  王梓铭  王明常  姜琦刚  杨天亮  张馨月  赵明宇 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(3):864-876

为了研究中蒙俄经济走廊沿海与内陆地区归一化植被指数（NDVI）的分布特征,利用MOD13Q1 NDVI数据集、MERRA2气象再分析数据和AVHRR土地覆盖数据,以中蒙俄经济走廊研究区内2种代表性植被（林地和树木茂盛的草地）为例,采用回归分析法和相关性分析法研究了近年来研究区NDVI在不同纬度、距海岸线不同距离及不同时间的变化特征,并分析了气温与降水对NDVI的影响。结果表明：2015—2019年内5月下旬—9月,沿海地区植被生长状态基本优于内陆地区,从距离海岸线500 km左右开始,NDVI明显下降;沿海地区（0~500 km）与内陆地区NDVI在时间变化上也略有不同,沿海地区2种代表性植被的NDVI时序变化模型拟合效果较好。受沿海与内陆地区降水、气温差异影响,在植被生长顶峰期（0719—0723）,随着纬度上升,沿海与内陆地区NDVI差异逐渐减小：沿海地区NDVI在上升期比内陆地区约提前1个月进入饱和,下降期滞后约1个月;低纬度地区2种植被对降水量更为敏感,相关系数最高为0.393（显著性水平P<0.01）,而高纬度地区两种植被对气温更为敏感,相关系数最高为0.534（P<0.01）。  相似文献   

《中国矿产地质志》阶段性研编进展(2018—2021年)     

黄凡  王登红  王岩  陈毓川  朱明玉  陈郑辉  赵芝  赵如意  高岩峰 《中国地质调查》2022,9(2):1-14

《中国矿产地质志》研编工作历经十载,截至2021年底,完成了180余部志书的评审,正式出版发行了50部。研编内容涵盖了省级志书、全国性矿种组志书、区带志书和专题研究4个方面。通过志书研编,基本查明了我国矿产资源分布情况,对稀土、稀散、钨矿等矿种组取得了新的成矿理论认识,丰富了典型矿床研究内容; 多层次总结了我国矿产资源的区域成矿规律,编制了新一代的“五位一体”成矿规律图,突出反映了地层、构造、岩浆和成矿作用的时空演化规律; 深化了对矿床的成矿系列理论的研究,提出了6个序次组成的成矿系列序次,即在原有5个序次基础上增加了最高层次——成矿体系,并提出了从时间和空间2个维度对矿床成矿体系进行系统研究,以更好探索矿床成矿系列的时空分布、相互关系及其演化规律。  相似文献   

The mesoscale numerical simulation of the flow field of the Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Tu Xiaoling  Zhou Mingyu  Sheng Shaohua 《海洋学报(英文版)》1993,12(2):219-235

The flow field over Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in summer and winter is discussed with three-dimensional mesoscale model developed in the University of Virginia and using the representative meteorological data of January and July.Simulation results indicate that the local weather characteristics over the Hainan Island are distinctly influenced by theWuzhi Mountain terrain. The cloudy or rainfall weather over the northeast of the Wuzhi Mountain occurs easily, under proper large-scale conditions of flow, temperature and humidity. while west wind prevails. The overcast or rainfall weather is often induced by strong convection in the afternoon over west of the Hainan Island under easterly prevailing wind.  相似文献   

光合细菌对褶皱臂尾轮虫的饵料价值   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

许兵  丁明宇  毛景华  徐怀恕 《海洋湖沼通报》1992,(2)

我们自青岛栈桥浅海海泥中分离到一株光合细菌,经鉴定为球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas spheroides)。对其生化特性、生长条件以及做为褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)的饵料价值,进行了研究。结果表明,以球形红假单胞菌的新鲜培养物,混以青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica var.tsingtaoensis)喂养轮虫,轮虫的增殖率明显高于单独使用光合细菌、扁藻和海洋酵母,也高于光合细菌与海洋酵母的混合。提示在轮虫的生产性培养中,以一定浓度的光合细菌与单胞藻混合投喂轮虫,可能取得较高产量。  相似文献   

Geographic and temporal variations of sulfate aerosols over the Pacific Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F. Parungo  C. Nagamoto  B. Kopcewicz  J. Harris  Zhou Mingyu  L&#; Naiping  S. Hoyt 《海洋学报(英文版)》1991,10(1):47-71

To investigate the life cycle of marine sulfate aerosols, chemicophysical characteristics of marine aerosolswere measured during five cruises in the Pacific Ocean. Dimethyl sulfide concentrations in seawater and in the air were also measured. The geographic variation of sulfate-aerosol concentrations was studied in relation to biogenic and anthropogenic sources,transport with air trajectories, and chemical transformations in the atmosphere. The highest concentrations were found near Asian and American ports, indicating anthropogenic pollution is the major sulfate aerosols source. Higher concentrations were observed in the upwelling regions than in the oligotrophic areas. Along the coastal regions, both mass and number concentrations of sulfate aerosols depended on wind direction and wind speed, and land-breeze and sea-breeze oscillations; no clear diurnal variation was detected. In pelagic areas, along the equator, the concentrations of small sulfate particles showed a maximum in the afternoon and the m  相似文献   

Influence of the variation in rural population on farmland preservation in the rapid urbanization area of China     

ZHANG Mingyu  CHEN Qiuxiao  ZHANG Kewei 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(9):1365-1380

In the past 40 years,cultivated land has faced the continued anthropogenic inter-ference,which has become a significant issue for cultivated land preservation during rapid urbanization.The purpose of this research was to reveal the spatio-temporal evolutionary characteristics of cultivated land and the correlation between rural population variation and farmland change in China.Fifty county-level administrative units in Zhejiang Province were selected as the study area wherein spatio-temporal evolution comparative analysis for every 5 years from 2000 to 2015 was conducted.This study used the pool method to estimate the impacts of the rural population variation,average slope,average elevation,rural residential disposable income,primary industry proportion,and road density on farmland utilization efficiency from the spatial perspective,which is represented by landscape metrics including the mean patch size,edge density,area weighted mean shape index,and area weighted mean patch fractal dimension.This study showed that the cultivated land landscape index continued to rise after 2000 and then started decreasing after 2010,indicating a reduction in human interference after 2010.The spatial variation of rural population of all county-level administrative units decreased from 2000 to 2010,and 62％of them began to increase after 2010.The regression analysis results showed that the spatial variation of rural population was significantly and negatively correlated with the cultivated land landscape while the rural residential disposable income,average slope and primary industry proportion were all sig-nificantly and positively related to the cultivated land landscape index.The results implied that the loss of the agricultural labor force and the difficulty of sloping farmlands adapting to mechanized farming were unconducive to farmland utilization efficiency improvement,and the increase in nonagricultural activities in rural areas would increase the difficulty of culti-vated land preservation.Our analysis suggests that local governments should improve the production efficiency of fragmented land or strengthen the construction control of housing and facilities in rural areas according to their regional urbanization development situation.  相似文献   

RIS-K2型探地雷达在广州市管线普查中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程铭宇 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(2):65-69

探地雷达作为一种新的探测方法,在城市管线探测过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。本文结合RIS-K2型探地雷达在广州市管线普查中的实际应用,阐明了探地雷达的工作原理和方法,并得到了一些有意义的结论。  相似文献   

合肥市开发区工程地质条件综合评述     

汤明玉 《上海国土资源》1999,(2):34-36

根据合肥市多年的勘察工作成果及经验,对合肥市开发区的工程地质条件作了综合评述,并依据大量已有工程建设经验对开发区内的多层、高层建筑物的地基方案,持力层的选择作了总体评价。  相似文献   

中国近海及其邻近海域海气热通量的模式计算   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

周明煜  钱粉兰 《海洋学报》1998,20(6):21-30

应用美国宇航局Goddard地球观测系统四维资料同化系统计算和分析了近海海域感热通量和潜热通量的季节性变化规律和地理分布特征.结果表明,近海各季感热通量冬、秋季较大,春、夏季较小.其地理分布特点是冬季感热通量的分布随纬度变化十分明显,纬度越高感热通量越大,且等值线分布密集.在台湾以东、日本以南海域,感热通量等值线呈西南一东北走向.在南海海域,感热通量比周围海域略低,感热通量等值线在该海域呈一低值倒槽分布;潜热通量冬、秋季在台湾东北部、日本南部和东南部海域形成最大值区,等值线呈西南东北走向.春、夏季在黄海海域存在潜热通量的极小值区,同时春季在日本南部海域存在潜热通量的极大值区或最大值区.因为台湾以东、日本以南海域正好是黑潮流经的区域,所以此海域的热通量与黑潮有密切关系.  相似文献