藻类基因启动子结构与功能研究进展     

张学成  郭楠  宋晓金 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(3):404-412

启动子是基因表达调控重要的顺式元件,其结构与功能的研究成为分子生物学的研究热点之一.本文介绍了植物基因启动子的研究方法与概况,重点综述了藻类基因启动子的研究现状,以及本实验室对节旋藻藻蓝蛋白基因启动子的研究情况,并就启动子研究在基因工程中的应用价值和存在问题进行了讨论.  相似文献   

植物为何能长生不老     

蒋丰 《河南国土资源》2008,(3):37

在植物的世界里,到处可见年龄达数百、数千岁的老树;而在动物的世界中,即使是被视为长寿象征的乌龟,顶多不过能活几百岁。为什么看似脆弱的植物的寿命反而远比动物的长呢？  相似文献   

Approach to modeling and virtual-reality-based simulation for plant canopy lighting     

Haopeng Wang  Kai Zhao  Fengbin Song 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(4):374-381

Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made in virtual plant modeling corresponding to the rapid advances in information technology. Virtual plant research has broad applications in agronomy, forestry, ecology and remote sensing. As many biological processes are driven by light, it is the key for virtual plant to estimate the light absorbed by each organ. This paper presents the radiance equation suitable for calculating sun and sky light intercepted by plant organs based on the principles of the interaction between light and plant canopy firstly; analyzes the process principles of plant canopy primary lighting based on ray casting and projection secondly; describes the multiple scattering of plant lighting based on Monte Carlo ray tracing method and on the radiosity method thirdly; and confirms the research with 3D visualization based on Virtual Reality Modeling Language （VRML） finally. The research is the primary work of digital agriculture, and important for monitoring and estimating corn growth in Northeast China.  相似文献   

一平浪中生代植物化石     

徐仁 《地质论评》1946,11(Z3):405-406

作者曾于三十二年赴滇西一平浪采得植物化石三十余种;并得张祖远态秉信陈光远诸君在该三处所采之化石,合并研究所采之植物化石,除一部份之枝叶保存不太完整,及近十  相似文献   

新疆塔里木河下游柽柳、芦苇对生态输水的响应   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

陈亚宁  李卫红  陈亚鹏  王强 《冰川冻土》2004,26(5):595-601

通过对塔里木河下游生态输水过程中地下水埋深变化的动态监测和天然植物生理指标的测试分析, 探讨了塔里木河下游柽柳、芦苇对生态输水的响应. 研究表明, 塔里木河下游河道输水对抬升其附近的地下水位起到了明显效果, 地下水埋深呈逐级抬升过程. 输水河道附近的地下水埋深由输水前的5～8 m抬升到了2～4 m; 植物各项生理指标对地下水位变化反应敏感, 表现出明显的梯度变化. 不同植物生长由于对地下水位要求深度不一样, 随地下水位变化而表现出不同的响应, 芦苇的反应敏感区约在150～200 m之间, 而柽柳则多在200～250 m之间. 结合野外样地的实际调查分析推测, 芦苇和柽柳的胁迫地下水位分别为3.5 m和4.0 m.  相似文献   

植物体燃烧前后碳同位素组成的变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宁有丰  刘卫国  张庆乐 《地球化学》2004,33(5):482-482

将在黄土高原地区采集到的活体植物样品于实验室内进行燃烧实验,发现植物燃烧后残留物的δ13C值发生了明显改变.相对于源植物体,大部分C3植物灰烬的δ13C值变大,而大部分C4植物灰烬的δ13C值则变小.这一结果对于利用大气气溶胶和沉积物中燃烧产物的δ13C值来研究植被和气候环境变化无疑是重要的.  相似文献   

Investigation of Uncertainties of Establishment Schemes in Dynamic Global Vegetation Models简     

SONG Xiang  ZENG Xiaodong 《大气科学进展》2014,31(1):85-94

In Dynamic Global Vegetation Models （DGVMs）, the establishment of woody vegetation refers to flowering, fertiliza- tion, seed production, germination, and the growth of tree seedlings. It determines not only the population densities but also other important ecosystem structural variables. In current DGVMs, establishments of woody plant functional types （PFTs） are assumed to be either the same in the same grid cell, or largely stochastic. We investigated the uncertainties in the competition of establishment among coexisting woody PFTs from three aspects： the dependence of PFT establishments on vegetation states; background establishment; and relative establishment potentials of different PFTs. Sensitivity experi- ments showed that the dependence of establishment rate on the fractional coverage of a PFT favored the dominant PFT by increasing its share in establishment. While a small background establishment rate had little impact on equilibrium states of the ecosystem, it did change the timescale required for the establishment of alien species in pre-existing forest due to their disadvantage in seed competition during the early stage of invasion. Meanwhile, establishment purely fiom background （the scheme commonly used in current DGVMs） led to inconsistent behavior in response to the change in PFT specification （e.g., number of PFTs and their specification）. Furthermore, the results also indicated that trade-off between irtdividual growth and reproduction/colonization has significant influences on the competition of establishment. Hence, further development of es- tablishment parameterization in DGVMs is essential in reducing the uncertainties in simulations of both ecosystem structures and successions.  相似文献   

黑龙江省积温带变化对农业影响研究进展     

宋天元  孙彦坤 《黑龙江气象》2014,(2):20-22

<正>1引言积温是影响植物发育的一个重要气象要素,在农业气象学中占有重要地位。自1735年,法国A.F.de Réaumur首次提出积温的概念以来[1],农学、气象学等众多专家学者对积温,特别是积温对农业影响及应用问题进行了广泛研究。已有的研究指出,积温对作物的生长过程有很好的指示作用,特别是在光照、水分等环境因子处于正常范围或非敏感时期时,使用积温指标推算许多植物发育进程的效果较好、  相似文献   

Seasonal Variations in Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Sanggou,Ailian, and Lidao Bays     

YUAN Mingli  ;ZHANG Cuixia  ;JIANG Zengjie  ;GUO Shujin  ;SUN Jun 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(6):1012-1024

The seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure were investigated for the Sanggou Bay （SGB） and the adjacent Ailian Bay （ALB） and Lidao Bay （LDB） in Shandong Peninsula,eastern China.The species composition and cell abundance of phytoplankton in the bay waters in spring （April 2011）,summer （August 2011）,autumn （October 2011）,and winter （January 2012） were examined using the Uterm6hl method.A total of 80 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to 39 genera of 3 phyla were identified.These included 64 species of 30 genera in the Phylum Bacillariophyta,13 species of 8 genera in the Phylum Dinophyta,and 3 species of 1 genus in the Phylum Chrysophyta.During the four seasons,the number of phytoplankton species （43） was the highest in spring,followed by summer and autumn （40）,and the lowest number ofphytoplankton species （35） was found in winter.Diatoms,especially Paralia sulcata （Ehrenberg） Cleve and Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Ehrenberg,were predominant in the phytoplankton community throughout the study period,whereas the dominance of dinoflagellate appeared in summer only.The maximum cell abundance of phytoplankton was detected in summer （average 8.08 × 103 cells L-1） whereas their minimum abundance was found in autumn （average 2.60 x 103 cellsL-1）.The phytoplankton abundance was generally higher in the outer bay than in the inner bay in spring and autumn.In summer,the phytoplankton cells were mainly concentrated in the south of inner SGB,with peak abundance observed along the western coast.In winter,the distribution of phytoplankton cells showed 3 patches,with peak abundance along the western coast as well.On seasonal average,the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of phytoplankton community ranged from 1.17 to 1.78 （autumn 〉 summer 〉 spring 〉 winter）,and the Pielou＇s evenness indices of phytoplankton ranged from 0.45 to 0.65 （autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer〉 winter）.According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis,phosphate level w  相似文献   

Biodiversity and invasibility: Distribution patterns of invasive plant species in the Himalayas,Nepal   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

BHATTARAI Khem Raj  M?REN Inger Elisabeth  SUBEDI Suresh Chandra 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):688-696

Invasive plant species are exerting a serious threat to biological diversity in many regions of the world. To understand plant invasions this study aims to test which of the two plant invasiveness hypotheses; ‘low native diversity' vs. ‘high native diversity', is supported by the regional distribution patterns of invasive plant species in the Himalayas,Nepal. This study is based on data retrieved from published literatures and herbarium specimens. The relationship between invasive plant species distribution patterns and that of native plant species is elucidated by scatter plots, as well as by generalized linear models. The native plant species and invasive plant species have similar distribution patterns and the maximum number of invasive plant species is found in the same altitudinal range where the highest richness for native tree species is found. There is a clear trend of higher invasive plant richness in regions where native tree species richness is relatively high.Consequently, the native plant richness is highest in the central phytogeographic region, followed by the eastern and the western regions, respectively. The invasive plant species also follows a similar trend.Additionally, the invasive plant species richness was positively correlated with anthropogenic factors such as human population density and the number of visiting tourists. This study supports the hypothesis that ‘high native diversity' supports or facilitates invasive plant species. Further, it indicates that nativeand invasive plant species may require similar natural conditions, but that the invasive plant species seem more dependent and influenced by anthropogenic disturbance factors.  相似文献