射向标定测量中角度平差方法探讨     

刘新江  陈勤勤 《海洋测绘》2014,34(5):24-26,30

射向标定测量只需要提供方位角成果,为了消除测距误差对方位角的影响,在数据处理时只对观测水平角进行平差。比较各种平差方法,并通过实例分析得出,对观测水平角进行间接平差最为方便实用。对多次实测数据进行统计,通过闭合差估计出:射向标定测量中测角中误差为1″左右,基准方位角的精度水平在1.2″左右。  相似文献   

Histological Observation of Germ Cell Development and Discovery of Spermatophores in Ovoviviparous Black Rockfish（Sebastes schlegeli Hilgendorf） in Reproductive Season     

FENG Junrong  ;LIU Liming  ;JIANG Haibin  ;WANG Maojian  ;DU Rongbin 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(5):830-836

Black rockfish（Sebastes schlegeli） is an important species for culture; however, its reproductive characteristics have not been fully documented. In this study, we investigated the morphology and developmental process of germ cells in this ovoviviparous rockfish in reproductive season（October 2011–November 2012） with histological methods. We found that the gonad of mature fish showed notable seasonal changes in developmental characteristics and morphological structure. The sperm cells matured during a period lasting from October to December, significantly earlier than the oocytes did. A large number of spermatozoa and other cells occurred in testis at different developmental stages. Vitellogenesis in oocytes began in October, and gestation appeared in April next year. Spermatophores were discovered for the first time in Sebastes, which assembled in testis, main sperm duct, oviduct and genital tract, as well as ovarian cavity in October and April. These organs may serve either as production or hiding places for spermatophores and spermatozoa which were stored and transported in form of spermatophores. Testicular degeneration started from the distal part of testis in April, with spermatophores assembled in degenerating testis and waiting for transportation. The copulation probably lasted for a long period, during which the spermatozoa were discharged in batches as spermatophores. These spermatophores were coated with sticky materials secreted from the interstitial areas of testis and the main sperm duct, then transported into ovary.  相似文献   

不拘一格“用”土地”——陕西节约集约用地的做法     

王文昭 《河南国土资源》2014,(3):53

正近年来,陕西省各地结合实际节约集约用地,不断探索出诸如"东樊模式"、"富平模式"、"阎良模式"、"西乡模式"等发展新路径,走出了一条保障发展与改善民生的双赢之路。"现在4个村组的土地差不多都复垦完了。这边的土地已经包出去30亩,那边的60亩也包出去了,村民打算收拾好就栽葡萄苗哩!"陕西省高陵县药惠乡东樊村村党支部书记雷登第说。记者近日在这片土地上看到,大块的土地已复垦,且被整理得平平展展。作为陕西省最早启动城乡建设用地增减挂钩试点之一,高陵县通过实施增减挂钩,不仅节余出302亩建设用地指标,还将通过拍卖筹得的1.7亿元收益用于东樊村新社区建设,老百姓不用掏钱就能住进新居。  相似文献   

A Theoretical Explanation of Anomalous Atmospheric Circulation Associated with ENSO Modoki during Boreal Winter          下载免费PDF全文

XING Nan  LI Jian-Ping  LI Yao-Kun 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(4):352-357

Based on a linear model, the present study provides analytical solutions for ideal triple forcing sources similar to sea surface temperature anomaly （SSTA） pat- terns associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） Modoki in winter. The ideal triple pattern is composed of an equatorially symmetric heat source in the middle and equatoriaUy asymmetric cold forcing in the southeast and northwest. The equatorially symmetric heat source excites low-level cyclonic circulation anomalies associated with Rossby waves in both hemispheres, while the northwest- ern and southeastern equatorially asymmetric cold sources induce low-level anomalous anticyclones associated with Rossby waves in the hemisphere where the forcing source is located. Low-level zonal winds converge toward the heat sources associated with Kelvin and Rossby waves. Due to unequal forcing intensity in the northwest and southeast, atmospheric responses around the equatorially symmetric forcing become asymmetric, and low-level cyclonic circulation anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere become greater than those in the Northern Hemisphere. Ascending （descending） flows coincide with heat （cold） sources, resulting in a double-cell structure over the regions of forcing sources. Ideal triple patterns similar to SSTA patterns associated with La Nina Modoki produce opposite atmospheric responses. The theoretical atmospheric responses are consistent with observed circulation anomalies associated with ENSO Modoki. Therefore, the theoretical solutions can explain the dynamics responsible for atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with ENSO Modoki events.  相似文献   

Time-Dependent Nonlinear Forcing Singular Vector-Type Tendency Error of the Zebiak-Cane Model          下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO Peng  DUAN Wan-Suo 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):395-399

Based on the Zebiak-Cane model, the timedependent nonlinear forcing singular vector （NFSV）-type tendency errors with components of 4 and 12 （denoted by NFSV-4 and NFSV-12） are calculated for predetermined El Nifio events and compared with the constant NFSV （denoted by NFSV-1） from their patterns and resultant prediction errors. Specifically, NFSV-1 has a zonal dipolar sea surface temperature anomaly （SSTA） pattern with negative anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific and positive anomalies in the equatorial central-western Pa- cific. Although the first few components in NFSV-4 and NFSV-12 present patterns similar to NFSV-1, they tend to extend their dipoles farther westward; meanwhile, the positive anomalies gradually cover much smaller regions with the lag times. In addition, the authors calculate the predic- tion errors caused by the three kinds of NFSVs, and the results indicate that the prediction error induced by NFSV-12 is the largest, followed by the NFSV-4. However, when compared with the prediction errors caused by random tendency errors, the NFSVs generate significantly larger prediction errors. It is therefore shown that the spatial structure of tendency errors is important for producing large prediction errors. Furthermore, in exploring the tendency errors that cause the largest prediction error for E1 Nifio events, the timedependent NFSV should be evaluated.  相似文献   

一次暴雨过程降水强度“双峰”结构成因分析   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

吴雪剑  费建芳  程小平  黄小刚  郎丰旺 《气象科学》2014,34(3):252-260

利用LAPS再分析高分辨率资料,对2008年6月9—11日浙、赣、皖地区一次具有"双峰"结构的暴雨过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明:中低层切变线和低空急流是此次暴雨过程的直接影响系统,为暴雨形成提供了良好的动力抬升机制。暴雨过程中暴雨中心区域水汽一直比较充沛且变化较小。对不稳定机制的分析表明,10日03时降水第一峰值可能是由低层对流不稳定和中层条件性对称不稳定机制的共同作用下形成,而条件性对称不稳定可能是10日09时降水出现第二峰值的主要成因,而绝对动量距平调整,则是条件性对称不稳定形成的可能机制。  相似文献   

高填方机场边坡变形监测新方法     

许文学  羊远新  李锋  钱清玉  薛宗建  申瑾  赵伟冬 《测绘工程》2014,23(11):46-50

分析高填方机场边坡变形监测传统方法的不足,提出应用单台全站仪的自由设站变形监测方法,应用基于光束法平差的多测站观测值统一解算的数据处理方法,并在实际工程中与GPS方法进行比对,论证该方法的正确性和优越性,为今后解决类似工程问题提供借鉴.  相似文献   

任意坐标系下的多块规则格网DEM拼接     

杨韫澜  胡海彦  高力 《测绘工程》2014,23(11)

将高精度影像匹配技术用于具有重叠区域的规则格网DEM同名高程点提取,提出任意坐标系下的多块规则格网DEM高精度无缝拼接方法。方法的特点是可以在任意坐标系下(自由坐标系、绝对坐标系)对存在重叠区域的任意大小、任意数量和任意区域形状的规则格网DEM模块进行拼接,整体性地求解拼接参数,得到无几何错位的高精度DEM。通过实验,证明拼接方法的有效性和实用性。  相似文献   

资源三号卫星三线阵影像自检校区域网平差     

刘楚斌  张永生  范大昭  雷蓉  戴海涛 《测绘学报》2014,43(10):1046-1050

利用卫星的辅助数据构建资源三号卫星影像的严格几何模型。以此为基础,考虑镜头光学畸变、像元尺寸变化和CCD旋转变化等因素的影响,构建附加参数模型;  相似文献   

CE-1立体相机与激光高度计数据联合平差   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵双明  冉晓雅  付建红  郭秋燕 《测绘学报》2014,43(12):1224-1229

CE-1三线阵立体相机和激光高度计主要用于获取月球形貌信息.CE-1沿轨运动过程中,可同时获取高分辨率的三线阵扫描影像和高精度的激光测高数据.在分析立体影像与激光高度计数据不一致性的基础上,为提高定位精度,将激光测距数据引入三线阵立体影像光束法平差处理.本文提出一种改进的外定向参数模型,采用3阶Lagrange多项式模型(LPM)建立外定向线元素内插模型,采用四元数球面线性内插建立外定向角元素模型,并根据改进模型建立激光高度计数据与影像数据的联合平差数学模型.试验表明,本文立体相机和激光高度计数据联合平差模型是有效的.  相似文献