2001年11月14日可可西里地震研究：远震数据和现场测量得到的破裂历史及几何形状     

A.  Tocheport  L.  Rivera  J.  Van  der  Woerd  万永革 《世界地震译丛》2007,(1):1-13

根据远震体波数据反演估计震源参数对2001年11月14日可可西里地震进行了研究。该地震使得东西向的昆仑走滑断层库赛湖西段发生破裂,表面破裂超过400km。这次矩震级为Mw7·8(Harvard CMT,2001)级地震事件后有中等而持续的地震活动。我们采用多次子事件反演复杂体波的方法(Kikuchi and Kanamori,1991)模拟波形,理解破裂过程。现场测量用来约束反演结果,并评估破裂过程的解。考虑到库赛湖段西部的复杂性,我们反演初始部分数据来模拟破裂的起始。发现破裂起始于布喀达坂峰西南的断层段上。虽然破裂主要向东传播,但一些子事件系统地出现于震中以西。尔后的完整体波波形反演表明破裂沿着库赛湖段的垂直断层单侧向东传播。  相似文献   

NUMERICAL MODELING OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTANT TRANSPORT-TRANSFORMATION IN FLUVIAL RIVERS：A REVIEW   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

S. L. HUANG Z. H. WAN P. SMITH 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(1):16-26

A detailed discussion of existing three kinds of mathematical models of heavy metal pollutant transport-transformation in fluvial rivers is presented, with an emphasis on the mathematical model of heavy metal pollutant transport-transformation dynamics. The imperfection of two kinds of mathematical models, that is, mathematical model of chemical thermodynamic equilibrium and that of chemical reaction kinetics, and the shortcoming of existing mathematical models of heavy metal pollutant transport-transformation dynamics are pointed out. Furthermore, the structure of mathematical model of heavy metal pollutant transport-transformation dynamics in fluvial rivers is suggested. Equations in the mathematical model of heavy metal pollutant transport-transformation dynamics in fluvial rivers will be discussed in the following paper.  相似文献   

Analysis of the spectral response of flourishing-withering vegetation changes based on ground spectral measurements     

Guli·Japper 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z1):86-96

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气候变化国家评估报告(Ⅲ):中国应对气候变化对策的综合评价     

何建坤  刘滨  陈迎  Xu Huaqing  Guo Yuan  Hu Xiulian  Zhang Xiliang  Li Yu'e  Zhang Aling  Chen Wenying  Wei Zhihong  Duan Maosheng  Zhang Xiaohua  Lü Yingyun 《气候变化研究进展》2007,3(Z1):12-18

Climate change is increasingly becoming the hotspot issue of global attention. On the basis of review of the process responding to climate change of international community, this paper introduces the status of carbon emissions of the world and China, and the technology potential for China to mitigate carbon emissions. At the same time, this paper explores the macro-impacts of China's mitigation of carbon emissions, the equity of global mitigation of climate change, and the impacts of international cooperation in the field of climate change. Furthermore, this paper puts forward the ideas and countermeasures of mitigating climate change in China, indicating that China should positively adapt to the trends of international politics, economy and trade pattern changes and bring the strategies of mitigating climate change into national social and economic development strategy, planning to promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of national economy and society under the situation of global response to climate change.  相似文献   

Mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor and Fisher Glaciers and basal fluxes beneath their flowbands on Amery Ice Shelf   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Kenneth C. JEZEK  Beata M. CSATHó  Ute C. HERZFELD  Katy L. FARNESS  Philippe HUYBRECHTS 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(11):1693-1706

We used in situ measurements and remote-sensing data sets to evaluate the mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor and Fisher Glaciers and the basal melting and freezing rates beneath their flowbands on the Amery Ice Shelf. Our findings show the Lambert and Mellor Glaciers upstream of the ANARE Lambert Glacier Basin (LGB) traverse may have positive imbalances of 3.9±2.1 Gt a-1 and 2.1±2.4 Gt a-1, respectively, while the Fisher Glacier is approximately in balance. The upstream region as a whole has a positive imbalance of 5.9±4.9 Gt a-1. The three same glaciers downstream of the ANARE LGB traverse line are in negative imbalance, where the whole downstream region has a negative imbalance of -8.5±5.8 Gt a-1. Overall the mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor, and Fisher Glaciers are close to bal-ance, and the collective three-glacier system is also nearly in balance with a mass budget of -2.6±6.5 Gt a-1. The significant positive imbalances for the interior basin upstream of the ice-movement stations established in the early 1970s (GL line) reported previously are possibly due to an overestimate of the total accumulation and an underestimate of the ice flux through the GL line. The mean melting rate is -23.0±3.5 m ice a-1 near the southern grounding line, which decreases rapidly downstream, and transitions to refreezing at around 300 km from the southern extremity of the Amery Ice Shelf. Freezing rates along the flowbands are around 0.5±0.1 to 1.5±0.2 m ice a-1. The per-centage of ice lost from the interior by basal melting beneath the flowbands is about 80%±5%. The total basal melting and refreezing beneath the three flowbands is 50.3±7.5 Gt ice a-1 and 7.0±1.1 Gt ice a-1, respectively. We find a much larger total basal melting and net melting than the results for the whole Amery Ice Shelf derived from previous modeling and oceanographic measurements.  相似文献   

Holocene climate change in the Central Tibetan Plateau inferred by lacustrine sediment geochemical records   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Andreas LüCKE  Bernd WüNNEMANN 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1548-1555

Multi-proxies of lacustrine sediments, such as total carbon (TC), total organic carbon (TOC), total inorganic carbon (TIC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulfur (TS), hydrogen index (HI), oxygen index (OI) and stable carbon isotopic composition of organic matter (δ 13Corg), were analyzed using a 7.3 m core from Zigê Tangco. The source of the organic matter in the sediment was mainly from autochthonous phytoplankton, therefore the significances of proxies can be interpreted as that high TOC, TOC/TS, HI and δ13Corg values, low TC, TIC values corresponded to warm and wet climatic condition, and vice versa. The process of climatic development in the Zigê Tangco region was hence recovered. During the early and Mid-Holocene, the climate was warm and wet and intensive cold events occurred during the periods of 8600 to 8400 cal a BP and 7400 to 7000 cal a BP. In the second half of Holocene, the climate became cold and dry gradually. The palaeoclimatic process during Holocene in Zigê Tangco region matched well with that in Co Ngoin region which is ca 40 km to the south-east. Therefore this palaeoclimatic process represents the Holocene climatic feature in the Central Tibetan Plateau which has the same pattern in the Northern Tibetan Plateau, but the time and duration of some climatic events might be different. We can conclude that in Holocene solar insolation controlled the climatic pattern on the central Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐市酸雨特征及变化趋势   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘新春  何清  艾力·买买提明  梁云  南庆红  LIU Xin-chun  HE Qing  Aili·MAMTIMIN  LIANG Yun  NAN Qing-hong 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2007,1(5):10-14

通过对乌鲁木齐市1991—2007年降水pH值、K值(电导率)以及相关的天气气候资料的处理,分析了酸雨特征和变化趋势。结果表明:pH平均值有逐年降低的趋势;从2000年开始K平均值呈下降趋势;降水pH平均值和K平均值具有明显的季节变化;供暖对pH平均值和K平均值造成很大的影响,是形成酸雨的重要因素之一。  相似文献   

精-伊-霍铁路沿线雪害关键气象条件分析     

梁云  艾力·买买提明  魏文寿  刘新春  LIANG Yun  Alli·MAMTIMIN  WEL Wen-shou  LIU Xin-chou 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2007,1(5):18-20

运用气候统计学方法,分析了精—伊—霍铁路沿线雪害严重区域的气象条件,推算了对铁路工程设计和运营极为重要的最大风速设计极值和最大积雪深度设计值。  相似文献   

中国与矿物标本的国际贸易     

洛克  H·凯锐  胡能勇 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2002,21(3):238-240

大凡地学专业人士都知道什么是好的矿物标本及其价值,但对矿物标本国际贸易的规模、购卖者、矿物标本的价格,尤其是某些极品的价格往往不甚了解.  相似文献   

Reduction in organic contaminant exposure and resultant hepatic hydropic vacuolation in winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) following improved effluent quality and relocation of the Boston sewage outfall into Massachusetts Bay, USA: 1987-2003     

Moore M  Lefkovitz L  Hall M  Hillman R  Mitchell D  Burnett J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(2):156-166

Effluent upgrades for metropolitan Boston have included toxicant reduction, primary and secondary treatment and outfall extension. Between 1992 and 2003 winter flounder at five stations were surveyed annually for liver and muscle burden and chronic hepatic sub-lethal impacts of polynuclear and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. Trends in flounder availability and fin condition were also examined. In 1988 12% of the adult winter flounder in Boston Harbor exhibited hepatic neoplasms and up to 80% had hepatic hydropic vacuolation (HV). Tumor prevalence fell to 0-2% and HV to <50% by 1996. Since then tumors have been absent, while a steady prevalence of HV has persisted, consistent with lower hydrocarbon loading and tissue levels. Contaminants and HV also fell with distance from the Boston outfall. After the outfall extension was activated in 2000, there has been no significant change in flounder liver health at the new outfall site.  相似文献