短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)过氧化物还原酶(OoPrx-4)基因的克隆及其对鳗弧菌胁迫的转录调控分析          下载免费PDF全文

徐洁  韦秀梅  王卫军  杨建敏  刘相全  杨顶珑  陈建强 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(2):342-347

从本研究前期构建的短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)cDNA文库中克隆得到过氧化物还原酶(OoPrx-4)基因的cDNA全长,该基因cDNA全长934bp,包括5′非编码区(UTR)19bp,3′UTR177bp,开放阅读框(ORF)738bp,共编码245个氨基酸,理论等电点为6.65,预测分子量27.1kDa。采用实时荧光定量PCR法分析了OoPrx-4基因在短蛸各组织及鳗弧菌胁迫下的表达规律,结果表明,OoPrx-4在短蛸血细胞、肌肉、系统心脏、鳃、胃、肾囊、性腺、外套膜和肝胰腺等检测组织中都有表达,其中在肝胰腺的表达量最高。经鳗弧菌刺激后,Prx-4在血细胞中的表达量分别在6h和48h出现了两次明显上调。Prx-4作为抗氧化酶可能在减少机体因抵御鳗弧菌胁迫所产生的过氧化物方面发挥重要的作用。  相似文献   

21世纪平流层温度变化和臭氧恢复   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

胡永云  夏炎  高梅  吕达仁 《气象学报》2008,66(6):880-891

温室气体增加和可能的臭氧恢复将是影响21世纪平流层温度变化的两个主要因素。温室气体增加的辐射效应将导致平流层变冷,而臭氧恢复将导致平流层变暖。为探讨平流层温度在这两种相反因素作用下的变化趋势,研究中使用了观测的臭氧和温度资料以及4个有代表性的IPCC-AR4海气耦合的全球环流模式的模拟结果(GISS-ER、GFDL-CM20、NCAR-CC-SM3和UKMO-HadCM3)。观测分析结果表明,在近10年来臭氧柱含量和平流层低层温度均有升高的趋势,平流层中层温度仍然延续20世纪后20年的变冷趋势。IPCC-AR4的模拟结果表明,单纯温室气体增加将造成平流层变冷。可是,在同时考虑温室气体增加和臭氧层恢复的情况下,模拟结果表明平流层中上层仍将维持变冷的趋势,而下层则存在变暖的趋势,但几个模式给出的变暖趋势有差别。UKMO-HadCM3给出的模拟结果是在3种温室气体排放情况下平流层低层均呈现较强的变暖趋势,变暖的层次可达40hPa;GFDL-CM20和NCAR-CCSM3给出的变暖趋势较弱一些,并且变暖主要位于60hPa以下的层次。  相似文献   

Application of 4D-Variational data assimilation to the California Current System     

G. Broquet  C.A. Edwards  A.M. Moore  B.S. Powell  M. Veneziani  J.D. Doyle 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2009,48(1-3):69

The Incremental Strong constraint 4D-Variational (IS4DVAR) data assimilation system of the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) is used to study the controllability of a realistic, high resolution configuration of the California Current System. The configuration and results of assimilating both satellite-derived surface observations along with in situ data are presented. Results show consequent improvements in many characteristics of the model circulation, and some of the strengths of the adjoint method for data assimilation are highlighted. General issues of the sensitivity of the results to the configuration of ROMS-IS4DVAR are also discussed.  相似文献   

Stratospheric Temperature Changes and Ozone Recovery in the 21st Century          下载免费PDF全文

HU Yongyun  XIA Yan  GAO Mei  LU Daren 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(3):263-275

Increasing greenhouse gases and likely ozone recovery will be the two most important factors influencing changes in stratospheric temperatures in the 21st century. The radiative effect of increasing greenhouse gases will cause cooling in the stratosphere, while ozone recovery will lead to stratospheric warming. To investigate how stratospheric temperatures change under the two opposite forcings in the 21st century, we use observed ozone and reanalysis data as well as simulation results from four coupled oceanic and atmo- spheric general circulation models （GISS-ER, GFDL-CM20, NCAR-CCSM3, and UKMO-HadCM3） used in the IPCC （Intergovernment Panel for Climate Change） Fourth Assessment Report （AR4）. Observational analysis shows that total column ozone and lower stratospheric temperatures all show increasing in the past 10 years, while middle stratospheric temperatures demonstrate cooling. IPCC AR4 simulations show that greenhouse forcing alone will lead to stratospheric cooling. However, with forcing of both increasing greenhouse gases and ozone recovery, the middle stratosphere will be cooled, while the lower stratosphere will be warmed. Warming magnitudes vary from one model to another. UKMO-HadCM3 generates relatively strong warming for all three greenhouse scenarios, and warming extends to 40 hPa. GFDL-CM20 and NCAR-CCSM3 produce weak warming, and warming mainly exists at lower levels, below about 60 hPa. In addition, we also discuss the effect of temperature changes on ozone recovery.  相似文献   

基于历史样本投影的四维变分陆面数据同化方法及其初步应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵海贝  王斌  戴永久 《气候与环境研究》2009,14(4):383-389

法面临着计算量上的挑战。本研究将一种历史样本投影的四维变分同化方法(Historical-Sample-Projection4DVar,简写为HSP-4DVar)应用于陆面数据同化,建立起CoLM陆面模型的HSP-4DVar系统。相比其他四维变分同化方法,HSP-4DVar的分析值是显式求解,不需要编写和使用伴随模式,从而大大节省了计算量,是一种易于实现的同化方案。通过同化56个月的土壤湿度观测数据表明,新的陆面同化系统不仅省时,而且能够有效吸取观测信息,使得同化后的均方根误差显著降低,各层土壤湿度模拟都有所改善,陆表1000mm层的改善最为明显。  相似文献   

IPv4与IPv6比较及IPv4向IPv6过渡方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕迪波  乌日娜  杨丽萍 《内蒙古气象》2009,(2):27-28

文章介绍了IntemetTCP／IP协议中主要协议IP协议的IPv4和IPv6,通过对目前IPv4存在的问题进行分析,从协议的地址空间、地址管理、地址表示方面对IPv4与IPv6进行比较,并分析和总结IPv6的优点。介绍了从IPv4过渡到IPv6的方法．对于了解下一代互联网主要的协议及如何逐渐平滑过渡到IPv6有着重要的意义。  相似文献   

Characterization of surface and ground water δ18O seasonal variation and its use for estimating groundwater residence times     

Michael M. Reddy  Paul Schuster  Carol Kendall  Micaela B. Reddy 《水文研究》2006,20(8):1753-1772

¹⁸O is an ideal tracer for characterizing hydrological processes because it can be reliably measured in several watershed hydrological compartments. Here, we present multiyear isotopic data, i.e. ¹⁸O variations (δ¹⁸O), for precipitation inputs, surface water and groundwater in the Shingobee River Headwaters Area (SRHA), a well‐instrumented research catchment in north‐central Minnesota. SRHA surface waters exhibit δ¹⁸O seasonal variations similar to those of groundwaters, and seasonal δ¹⁸O variations plotted versus time fit seasonal sine functions. These seasonal δ¹⁸O variations were interpreted to estimate surface water and groundwater mean residence times (MRTs) at sampling locations near topographically closed‐basin lakes. MRT variations of about 1 to 16 years have been estimated over an area covering about 9 km² from the basin boundary to the most downgradient well. Estimated MRT error (±0·3 to ±0·7 years) is small for short MRTs and is much larger (±10 years) for a well with an MRT (16 years) near the limit of the method. Groundwater transit time estimates based on Darcy's law, tritium content, and the seasonal δ¹⁸O amplitude approach appear to be consistent within the limits of each method. The results from this study suggest that use of the δ¹⁸O seasonal variation method to determine MRTs can help assess groundwater recharge areas in small headwaters catchments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An abrupt drop in the coherence of the lower kHz quasi-periodic oscillations in 4U 1636−536     

Didier Barret  Jean-Francois Olive  M. Coleman Miller 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,361(3):855-860

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4C +39.29 – extended emission around a powerful type 2 quasar     

P. Gandhi  A. C. Fabian  C. S. Crawford 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,369(4):1566-1576

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4D产品的空间数据库结构设计     

黄勇奇  赵追  徐幸福 《地球科学与环境学报》2006,28(3):102-105

主要研究了4D产品(DEM、DOM、DRG、DLG)空间数据库结构设计,将4D产品通过空间数据库引擎ArcSDE存储在大型商业关系数据库管理系统Oracle8i中。在Oracle中可以建立不同的关系表来存储一些4D产品。由于采用关系数据库管理空间数据符合OpenGIS规范,这将增加空间数据的互操作性,并能使GIS融入IT技术的主流。  相似文献