常用剂量氟苯尼考在罗非鱼肝脏和肾脏中的消除规律及组织学影响     

罗理  王伟利  姜兰  谭爱萍  邓玉婷  赵飞 《广东海洋大学学报》2013,(4)

在水温28℃条件下,以12 mg/kg剂量对罗非鱼单次口服给药,采用HPLC方法测定不同时间实验鱼肝脏和肾脏中的药物水平,分析氟苯尼考在罗非鱼肝、肾组织的吸收及消除规律。结果显示,肝脏和肾脏中的药动学参数均符合药动学一室模型,肝脏的药物消除速度快于肾脏,消除半衰期T1/2β分别为4.89 h和15.93 h;药物在肝脏的Tmax为5.43 h,吸收峰值为4.84μg/g;59 h后肝、肾组织中的药物含量均低于0.8μg/g。取12 mg/kg剂量连续给药7 d的实验鱼肝、肾组织,进行组织学观察,结果显示,给药组罗非鱼的肝、肾组织均未出现病理性变化。此外,氟苯尼考对6株罗非鱼常见病原菌的体外抑菌实验中,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均≤4 mg/L,表明常用剂量氟苯尼考在罗非鱼体内消除快、残留少且不造成组织损伤,对常见病原菌具有良好的抑菌效果。  相似文献   

综合景观格局与经济指标进行土地利用二维尺度分区——以青海省为例     

张红月  王亮  赵荣  梁勇 《测绘通报》2013,(3):82-85

运用空间统计分析方法综合表征土地利用特征的景观格局指数和社会经济指数进行土地利用分区.经过指数降维、筛选指数因子进行系统聚类,在聚类分区方法的选择上,经过反复验证选定标准欧氏距离-加权平均法和明科夫斯基-加权平均法两种最佳匹配算法.将聚类结果合并分区,将青海省土地划分为4个区,各区地类景观和经济水平相异,分析结果对指导青海省土地利用合理规划开发意义重大.  相似文献   

基于规划验收全过程的大比例尺地形图动态元数据研究     

诸敏秋 《测绘通报》2013,(3):78-81,85

在地理信息领域,元数据描述地理数据集的内容、质量、现势性、表示方式、空间参照系、管理方式及数据集的其他特征.基于规划验收各关键环节更新地形图的工作过程,研究各环节的动态元数据表达结构及内容,并建立大比例尺地形图动态元数据分级体系和描述方法,以充分体现动态元数据结构设计的特点,将有利于GIS用户的分析、挖掘、应用,以及满足领导决策的需要.  相似文献   

土地利用数据综合方法的研究进展     

芦仲进  杨丽 《测绘通报》2013,(3):40-45

对有关土地利用数据综合方法的研究成果进行综述,主要回顾国内外在土地利用数据综合操作方面的理论规则、约束条件、算法等,并展望土地利用数据综合的未来研究方向。  相似文献   

贵州乌蒙山区资源相对承载力的时空动态变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李旭东 《地理研究》2013,32(2):233-244

贵州乌蒙山区是国家划定的18片贫困区之一,随着人口增长和社会经济发展的加速,山区人地资源矛盾日趋突出,已严重阻碍了乌蒙山区社会经济的可持续发展。运用并改进了相对资源承载力的研究思路和计算方法,研究了1995~2006年贵州乌蒙山区自然资源、经济资源、生活水平的相对承载力和综合承载力的时空动态变化过程。对于认清和把握乌蒙山区资源承载力变化规律,完善山区资源环境承载力研究成果具有重要指导意义。研究表明:贵州乌蒙山区人口严重超载,而承载人口的主要资源为土地资源,经济资源和生活水平承载力偏低;相对资源承载力空间差异显著,绝大多数县域综合承载力均处于超载状态。  相似文献   

基于局部化转换规则的元胞自动机土地利用模型   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

宇林军  孙丹峰  彭仲仁  李红 《地理研究》2013,32(4):671-682

传统土地利用元胞自动机(Cellular automata,CA)模型基于空间同质性假设,使用全局性模型建立元胞转换规则,忽略了土地利用变化驱动因素的驱动作用在空间上的变化。以美国佛罗里达州的橙县(Orange County)2003-2009年土地利用变化为例,提出了基于局部化转化规则的CA土地利用模型,其中元胞的土地利用类型适宜性由地理加权多项logit模型(Geographically weighted multinomial logit,GWML)获得。结果表明:GWML模型较传统全局性多项logit(Multinomial logit,MNL)模型有更高的数据解释能力。基于GWML模型的土地利用CA模型能反映局部土地利用变化模式,因而较基于MNL模型的CA模型具有更高的模拟精度。所得结论对未来国内地区的研究有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

一部重要的断代行政区划地理著作——《中国行政区划通史?唐代卷》     

王开队 《地理研究》2013,32(12):2377-2377

不管是研究历史时期经济、文化、人口抑或其他要素的地理变化状况,其基础与研究成果的最终反映都要落实到地图上来,而若要绘制出历史时期上述要素的地理变化均需要同时期的政区地图作为基本的底图。然而,由于中国历史时期政区演变的频繁以及遗存资料不全等原因,若要完整地搞清楚历史时期中国政区的演变过程却是一件相当不易的事情,特别是对于一些时间跨度较长的朝代,则更为不易。以唐朝为  相似文献   

Evapotranspiration Estimation Based on MODIS Products and Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land （SEBAL） Model in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

DU Jia  SONG Kaishan  WANG Zongming  ZHANG Bai  LIU Dianwei 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2013,23(1):73-91

In this study,the Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land(SEBAL) model and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) products from Terra satellite were combined with meteorological data to estimate evapotranspiration(ET) over the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China.Land cover/land use was classified by using a recursive partitioning and regression tree with MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) time series data,which were reconstructed based on the Savitzky-Golay filtering approach.The MODIS product Quality Assessment Science Data Sets(QA-SDS) was analyzed and all scenes with valid data covering more than 75% of the Sanjiang Plain were selected for the SEBAL modeling.This provided 12 overpasses during 184-day growing season from May 1st to October 31st,2006.Daily ET estimated by the SEBAL model was misestimaed at the range of-11.29% to 27.57% compared with that measured by Eddy Covariance system(10.52% on average).The validation results show that seasonal ET from the SEBAL model is comparable to that from ground observation within 8.86% of deviation.Our results reveal that the time series daily ET of different land cover/use increases from vegetation on-going until June or July and then decreases as vegetation senesced.Seasonal ET is lower in dry farmland(average(Ave):491 mm) and paddy field(Ave:522 mm) and increases in wetlands to more than 586 mm.As expected,higher seasonal ET values are observed for the Xingkai Lake in the southeastern part of the Sanjiang Plain(Ave:823 mm),broadleaf forest(Ave:666 mm) and mixed wood(Ave:622 mm) in the southern/western Sanjiang Plain.The ET estimation with SEBAL using MODIS products can provide decision support for operational water management issues.  相似文献   

Analyzing land-use change in farming-pastoral transitional region using autologistic model and household survey approach     

Likai Zhu  Jijun Meng  Xiyan Mao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2013,23(6):716-728

Land change science （LCS） strives to understand and model land-use change, which will further advance the understanding of multiple issues in the socio-ecological systems. Based on GIS/RS techniques, autologistic model, and household survey method, this study investigated major land use changes and their causes from 1978 to 2008 in Uxin Banner （county-level）, Inner Mongolia in China and then developed an understanding of the relationships between household livelihood and land-use pattern. Results showed that cultivated land increased from 1988 to 2000, and leveled offafter 2000. Built-up land increased stably for the period 1978 2008. The change of grassland and bare land differed among the three periods. From 1978 to 1988, grassland increased by 23.3%, and bare land decreased by 20.48%. From 1988 to 2000, bare land expanded by 1.7%, but grassland declined by 1.3%. From 2000 to 2008, an increase in grassland area by 1.8% was observed, but a decrease in bare land area by 9.0% was witnessed. The autologistic models performed better than logistic models as indicated by lower Akaike Information Criterion （AIC） values. Factors associated with human activities significantly correlated with the change of cultivated land, forest land, grassland, and built-up land. The produce prices and extensive cultivated land use are major issues in the farming area. This study suggests that completing land circulation systems and maintaining the stability of price are effective solutions. By contrast, reclamation and overgrazing are major concerns in the pastoral areas. Implementing environmental policies effectively, transferring population out of rural pastoral areas, and developing modem animal husbandry are effective ways to address these issues.  相似文献   

Global distributions of storm-time ionospheric currents as seen in geomagnetic field variations     

Atsuki Shinbori  Tomoaki Hori  Yoshimasa Tanaka  Yukinobu Koyama  Takashi Kikuchi  Tsutomu Nagatsuma 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):296-314

To investigate temporal and spatial evolution of global geomagnetic field variations from high-latitude to the equator during geomagnetic storms, we analyzed ground geomagnetic field disturbances from high latitudes to the magnetic equator. The daytime ionospheric equivalent current during the storm main phase showed that twin-vortex ionospheric currents driven by the Region 1 field-aligned currents （R1 FACs） are intensified significantly and expand to the low-latitude region of-30~ magnetic latitude. Centers of the currents were located around 70~ and 65~ in the morning and afternoon, respectively. Corresponding to intensification of the R1 FACs, an enhancement of the eastward/westward equatorial electrojet occurred at the daytime/nighttime dip equator. This signature suggests that the enhanced convection electric field penetrates to both the daytime and nighttime equa- tor. During the recovery phase, the daytime equivalent current showed that two new pairs of twin vortices, which are different from two-cell ionospheric currents driven by the R1 FACs, appear in the polar cap and mid latitude. The former led to enhanced north- ward Bz （NBZ） FACs driven by lobe reconnection tailward of the cusps, owing to the northward interplanetary magnetic field （IMF）. The latter was generated by enhanced Region 2 field-aligned currents （R2 FACs）. Associated with these magnetic field variations in the mid-latitudes and polar cap, the equatorial magnetic field variation showed a strongly negative signature, produced by the westward equatorial electrojet current caused by the dusk-to-dawn electric field.  相似文献