三峡工程一期蓄水后长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王蓓  翟世奎  许淑梅 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2008,28(4)

根据2003年6月和2007年4月长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn和Cd 等重金属元素含量的实测资料,采用3种评价方法(基于沉积物质量标准的评价、生物效应浓度阈值法和潜在生态危害指数法)对其污染及生态危害程度进行了评价.结果表明:三峡工程一期蓄水后Cu在第二类沉积物中的比例上升,偶尔对生物产生的负面效应有增加趋势,Cr则恰好相反,Pb、Zn和Cd在不同沉积物标准中所占比例基本不变,对生物的负面效应较低.从总的污染程度来看,长江口及其邻近海域污染程度和潜在生态风险为低级.典型污染要素的污染程度由高到低的顺序为:Cr＞Cu＞Zn＞Pb＞Cd;各污染物对生态风险影响程度由大到小的顺序为:Cd＞Cu＞Cr＞Pb＞Zn,前两种元素是研究区主要的潜在生态风险因子.在三峡工程一期蓄水早期(2003年),长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物总的潜在生态风险指数和单个污染物的潜在生态风险系数较蓄水前有所增加,2007年的风险水平与1988-1992年基本持平.  相似文献   

区域矿产资源规划基础理论研究     

康丽丽 《黑龙江国土资源》2008,(8):52-52

区域成矿学是研究特定区域中的成矿环境、成矿条件、成矿过程、成矿类型及成矿演化的一门学科，是进行区域矿产预测、普查找矿和资源潜力评价的理论基础。  相似文献   

Optimum temperature for the growth performance of juvenile orange-spotted grouper （Epinephelus coioides H.）     

林祥志  解绶启  苏永全  崔奕波 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(1):69-75

Effects of water temperature （17, 21, 25, 30 and 35℃） and body size （14.75-281.41 g initial body weight） on food consumption, growth, feed conversion, and dry matter content in orange-spotted grouper fed to satiation were investigated. The combined effect of temperature （T, ℃） and body weight （W, g） on maximum food consumption （Cmax, g/day） was described as： InCmax=-7.411＋0.828 InW＋0.317T4）.004 7T2, and the optimum feeding temperature was 33.9℃. The combined effect of temperature and body weight on growth （G） was described as： lnG=-4.461-0.2081nW＋0.394T-0.006 3T^2. The optimum growth temperature was 31.4℃, whereas overall growth rates were high at 25, 30 and 35 ℃. Feed conversion efficiencies （FCE, %）, increasing first and then decreasing with increasing temperature, averaged from 1.8 to 2.1 in terms of dry weight of food fish. The optimum temperature for FCE tended to be lower than that for growth or feeding. Dry matter content increased with both increasing water temperature （17, 25, 30 and 35℃） and body weight, and the combined effect of temperature and body weight on dry matter content （DM, %） was described as： lnDM =3.232＋0.01 4 lnW-0.004 4T＋0.001 2TInW.  相似文献   

长江南京段岸线资源GIS评价与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨静  李满春  丁贤荣  刘永学 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(2):200-205

岸线资源是特殊的国土资源,岸线资源评价是岸线资源研究的主要工作之一。以往的研究仅从自然和经济的角度出发,对于生态条件的考虑鲜有涉及。为了达到经济和生态的双赢,根据长江南京段岸线资源的特点,综合考虑自然、经济和生态因素,构建了岸线前沿水深、岸线稳定性、岸线陆域宽度、岸线集疏运条件、水源保护区、风景名胜区六项指标组成的评价指标体系。选取合理的评价单元,运用GIS空间分析技术和ArcGISEngine开发包,在完成单项指标评价的基础上,依据建立的指标体系对研究区内的岸线资源进行综合评价,以期为长江岸线南京段的合理利用与开发提供参考依据。  相似文献   

Ecosystem health assessment of Honghu Lake Wetland of China using artificial neural network approach   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Minghao Mo  Xuelei Wang  Houjian Wu  Shuming Cai  Xiaoyang Zhang  Huiliang Wang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(4):349-356

Honghu Lake, located in the southeast of Hubei Province, China, has suffered a severe disturbance during the past few decades. To restore the ecosystem, the Honghu Lake Wetland Protection and Restoration Demonstration Project (HLWPRDP) has been implemented since 2004. A back propagation (BP) artificial neural network (ANN) approach was applied to evaluatinig the ecosystem health of the Honghu Lake wetland. And the effectiveness of the HLWPRDP was also assessed by comparing the ecosystem health before and after the project. Particularly, 12 ecosystem health indices were used as evaluation parameters to establish a set of three-layer BP ANNs. The output is one layer of ecosystem health index. After training and testing the BP ANNs, an optimal model of BP ANNs was selected to assess the ecosystem health of the Honghu Lake wetland. The result indicates that four stages can be identified based on the change of the ecosystem health from 1990 to 2008 and the ecosystem health index ranges from morbidity before the implementation of HLWPRDP (in 2002) to middle health after the implementation of the HLWPRDP (in 2005). It demonstrates that the HLWPRDP is effective and the BP ANN could be used as a tool for the assessment of ecosystem health.  相似文献   

Evaluation on tourism ecological security in nature heritage sites —Case of Kanas nature reserve of Xinjiang, China     

Xuling Liu  Zhaoping Yang  Feng Di  Xuegang Chen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(3):265-273

The nature heritages are the precious legacy of nature with outstanding scientific and aesthetic value. They are quite different from other common ecotourism areas, because of its original and unique system, sensitive and vulnerable landscape, and peripheral cultural features. Therefore, the tourism development in the nature heritage sites should be on the premise of ecological security. The evaluation index system of tourism ecological security in nature heritage sites was constructed in this article by AHP and Delphi methods, including nature ecological security, landscape visual security and local culture ecological security, and the security thresholds of indices were also established. In the indices’ weights of the evaluation model, the nature ecological security ranked the highest, followed by tourist landscape visual security and culture ecological security, which reflected the influence degree of the limited factor to tourism ecological security. Then, this paper carried out an empirical study of Kanas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, which has the potential to be the World Nature Heritage. On the basis of the data attained from survey and observation on the spot, as well as questionnaire answered by tourists and local communities, the ecological security status in Kanas was evaluated. The result showed that the status of Kanas tourism ecological security was better, but there had some limiting factors. Lastly, effective measures were put forward to ensure its ecological security. Foundation item: Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40671057), Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX3-SW-355)  相似文献   

Application of matter-element model in soil nutrient evaluation of ecological fragile region     

Jie Tang  Chenye Wang  Nianfeng Lin  Zhaoyang Li  Haiyi Li  Zilong Mao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(2):168-176

On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da'an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), available N (AN), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And the ratios of soil samples grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da'an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.  相似文献   

论当前全面开展土地政策评价的重要性和必要性     

孟祥舟 《国土资源》2009,(8):40-45

"土地政策评价就是指对土地政策的实施效果所进行的分析、研究和判断,从而不断修定、补充完善、调整或取消土地政策.土地政策重在落实,开展土地政策评价是栓验政策执行情况的重要途径;但是无论在理论研究还是在实践操作层面.土地政策评价仍然是我国土地管理中的一个相对薄弱环节."  相似文献   

媒体广场     

《国土资源》2009,(3)

全国土地利用计划为贯彻落实进一步扩大内需决策部署,国土资源部日前编制下发《2009年全国土地利用计划(草案)》。  相似文献   

油气资源分类及评价方法     

刘广野 《海洋地质前沿》2009,25(3):32-36

对我国油气资源评价工作中常用的基本概念与评价方法进行了详细阐述，其中包括美国石油工程师协会（SPE）、俄罗斯和我国新实行的油气资源分类标准和基本概念；将油气资源评价方法分为：成因法、类比法、统计法、德尔菲（Delphi）法4大类；较详细的介绍了盆地模拟法、氯仿沥青“A”法、有机碳法、面积丰度法、体积丰度法、统计趋势预测法、油气田（藏）规模概率分布法、地质因素分析法、圈闭法等具体评价方法，并简要分析了它们的适用范围和特征。  相似文献