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1.
为探究埋入式光纤与隧道衬砌的耦合性能，分别从理论与试验两个方面进行研究，并在实际工程中进行了验证。构建了光纤、中间体和基体结构力学分析模型，进行光纤应变传递机制理论分析，计算了光纤应变传递效率；使用钢筋混凝土梁模拟隧道衬砌，进行了2组不同加载速率的试验。其中，在同一根梁内（同一工况）设计6种光纤的布设方式，以位移控制的方式在梁跨中部位进行单点多级加载，使用BOFDA（布里渊散射光频域分析）技术分别对6条光纤进行监测。试验结果表明：6条光纤均可以有效监测梁从开始加载至钢筋开始屈服阶段，光纤与梁耦合性最好；钢筋开始屈服直至梁破坏阶段，光纤应变不再增加甚至减小或呈现出光纤断裂的状态，此过程光纤与梁耦合性较差；除开槽埋入式光纤的有效监测应变差为3 000×10?6外，其余布设方式光纤有效监测应变差为2 000×10?6；光纤在长距离（>>146 mm）埋入式布设情况下可认为其应变传递效率接近100%，2组不同试验结果呈现相似规律。在北京市新机场线地铁暗挖隧道CRD工法区间进行了工程应用研究，监测结果表明分布埋入式光纤布设工艺是可行的，可为分布式光纤技术在地下工程结构监测中的应用提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
2.
Pulse-like ground motions are capable of inflicting significant damage to structures. Efficient classification of pulse-like ground motion is of great importance when performing the seismic assessment in near-fault regions. In this study, a new method for identifying the velocity pulses is proposed, based on different trends of two parameters: the short-time energy and the short-time zero crossing rate of a ground motion record. A new pulse indicator, the relative energy zero ratio(REZR), is defined to qualitatively identify pulse-like features. The threshold for pulse-like ground motions is derived and compared with two other identification methods through statistical analysis. The proposed procedure not only shows good accuracy and efficiency when identifying pulse-like ground motions but also exhibits good performance for classifying records with high-frequency noise and discontinuous pulses. The REZR method does not require a waveform formula to express and fit the potential velocity pulses; it is a purely signal-based classification method. Finally, the proposed procedure is used to evaluate the contribution of pulse-like motions to the total input energy of a seismic record, which dramatically increases the seismic damage potential. 相似文献
3.
大直径宽浅式筒型基础,阻水宽度大,在位工作期间受波浪海流作用,其周围土体易被冲刷。为研究单侧地基土体受冲刷后筒型基础的竖向极限承载力变化,通过引进冲刷率的概念,采用有限元方法研究了不同冲刷率下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力;并基于Meyerhof理论建立了计算不同冲刷率下筒型基础竖向极限承载力的极限平衡方法。研究结果表明,随着冲刷率增大,筒型基础的极限承载力出现不同程度的下降,当冲刷率为0.8时,即筒型基础单侧土体冲刷深度达6.4 m时,筒型基础的竖向极限承载力折减率为3.28%。建立的极限平衡算法可准确计算冲刷条件下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力。 相似文献
4.
脐带缆螺旋滑移分析及力学性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对脐带缆内部螺旋层,应用Darboux标架建立螺旋结构空间坐标系,推导弯曲载荷下螺旋结构的局部变形和滑移。考虑螺旋构件间的接触和摩擦作用,建立螺旋结构的受力平衡偏微分方程,并研究螺旋角和摩擦系数对螺旋结构滑移的影响。基于同层螺旋结构本构关系相同假设,将所有螺旋结构力学性能线性叠加,拟合脐带缆整体弯曲刚度。运用建立的理论解析方法,对某双层铠装脐带缆的力学性能进行研究,并与数值模拟结果进行对比验证。对比结果表明,理论解析得到的螺旋滑移结果与数值模拟结果一致,理论解析得到的脐带缆弯曲刚度与数值模拟结果在全滑动阶段比较接近。 相似文献
5.
根据天津波地表加速度记录和相应实测场地钻孔资料，采用等效线性化方法模拟土体非线性，进行了深厚软土场地基岩地震动反演，研究了频率截断对深厚软土场地基岩地震动反演的影响，为天津波地表加速度记录提供了相应的基岩地震动输入。研究表明:不同截断频率情况下，反演得到的基岩地震动峰值和反应谱曲线形状均相差悬殊，但反演后再正演所得到的地面运动与原地表记录相比，加速度时程曲线形状和峰值大小、反应谱曲线形状和峰值大小均非常接近；可根据工程需要对地表加速度记录进行不同频率的截断，反演得到所需强度的基岩地震动。 相似文献
6.
木本植被覆盖岸坡上波浪爬升过程的数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近岸木本植物构成的生态缓冲带作为新型的海岸软防护结构，兼具功能性和生态友好性，在沿海工程建设中愈发受到关注，如何深入开展其防护效果的机理研究是目前亟待解决的问题。本文采用数值模拟方法，在N-S方程中分别考虑树枝和树干的拖曳力影响，提出了木本植被作用下波浪沿斜坡爬升的表面波衰减的连续介质等效模型，并采用MAC法来跟踪自由曲面上的水颗粒轨迹。本文以波浪沿1/30的斜坡爬升为算例，对比讨论了有无植被作用下波浪的传播过程，并将算例结果与以往试验结果规律进行对照，验证了数值模型的有效性。最后，分别讨论了植物枝干的高度、密度、树枝倾斜角度等植被特性和波浪因素对植被消浪效果的影响，得到植被消浪的基本规律。文中的计算结果也可为实际的护岸工程和生态景观设计提供参考。 相似文献
7.
Wanshan area has been chosen to be the specified field to calibrate and validate(Cal/Val) the HY-2 altimeter and its follow-on satellites. In March 2018, an experiment has been conducted to determine the sea surface height(SSH) under the HY-2 A ground track(Pass No. 203). A GPS towing-body(GPS-TB) was designed to measure the SSH covering an area of about 6 km×28 km wide centered on the HY-2 A altimeter satellite ground track. Three GPS reference stations, one tide gauge and a GPS buoy were placed in the research area, in order to process and resolve the kinematic solution and check the precision of the GPS-TB respectively. All the GPS data were calculated by the GAMIT/GLOBK software and TRACK module. The sea surface was determined by the GPS-TB solution and the tide gauge placed on Zhiwan Island. Then the sea surface of this area was interpolated by Arc GIS10.2 with ordinary Kriging method. The results showed that the precision of the GPS-TB is about 1.10 cm compared with the tide gauge placed nearby, which has an equivalent precision with the GPS buoy. The interpolated sea surface has a bias of –1.5–4.0 cm with standard deviation of 0.2–2.4 cm compared with the checking line. The gradient of the measured sea surface is about 1.62 cm/km along the HY-2 orbit which shows a good agreement compared with the CLS11 mean sea surface(MSS). In the Cal/Val of satellites, the sea surface between the tide gauge/GPS buoy and the footprint of altimeter can be improved by this work. 相似文献
8.
针对圆筒型海上储油装置FPSO垂荡运动性能较差、无法安装干式井口的问题,设计了带延伸筒体与矩形阻尼结构的圆筒型FPSO,根据延伸筒体与矩形阻尼结构是否通海分为两种型式。建立水动力计算模型,比较分析不同延伸筒体和阻尼结构型式对FPSO水动力性能的影响。针对南海作业海域,设计了悬链式系泊系统,基于JONSWAP波浪谱对FPSO的运动进行时域预报,并对系泊系统进行校核。分析结果表明:通海型FPSO垂荡固有周期显著提升,可以错开南海百年一遇谱峰周期,通海型FPSO满足钻井、安装干式井口的运动响应要求,系泊系统系缆张力满足规范要求。 相似文献
9.
In the field of offshore oil and gas engineering, the arrangement of multiple pipelines are becoming more common, the spacing between the pipelines and the incoming stream velocity will significantly affect the scouring process around the pipelines. In this study, the effect of space ratio (G/D) and the stream velocity on the scouring process around two pipelines in tandem are investigated using the coupled approach of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM). Here G is the spacing between the pipelines and D is the diameter of the pipeline. Specifically, the effect of space ratio and the stream velocity are discussed by simulating the gap ratio (G/D) between two pipelines ranging from 1 to 3 with an interval of 1, under the stream velocity U = 0.5,1 and 2 m/s, The results indicate that when G/D ≤ 2, the equilibrium scour depth below the upstream pipeline (S1) is slightly larger than that under the downstream pipeline (S2), S1 and S2 slightly increase as the gap ratio increases. Whereas for G/D > 2, the equilibrium scour depth beneath the upstream pipeline is slightly smaller than that under the downstream pipeline, S1 and S2 slightly decrease as the gap ratio increases. Furthermore, the scour depths are highly dependent on and positively related to the incoming stream velocity, the equilibrium bed profiles are similar under the same incident stream velocity with different gap ratios. 相似文献
10.
Subsea pipelines are important facilities in offshore oil and gas industry to transport High-Pressure and High-Temperature (HPHT) hydrocarbon. They are often exerted by cyclic thermal loading through the whole operational life, which may trigger asymmetry in the effective axial force (EAF) profile, leading to a global axial movement, defined as ‘pipeline walking’. It may cause the downtime and structural risks, since this directional accumulation in axial movement results in the overstressing of end connection, loss of tension in a steel catenary riser (SCR) and other issues in the field, therefore subsea pipeline design requires a reliable estimate of the global pipeline walking rate. Current design methods adopt a constant soil friction coefficient and ignore variations in soil-pipeline interaction with time during the heating up and cooling down processes. In reality, the overlooked changing soil friction is important, and may alter the pipeline walking behaviours. To achieve an accurate assessment of pipeline walking, this paper advances the conventional design practice, by introducing a time-dependent axial soil friction function, to examine the pipeline walking behaviour over the operational thermal cycles. A suite of time-dependent matrixes is provided to reveal the development of the expansion/contraction of the pipeline, the corresponding mobilised soil frictions and the EAF profile. The significant nonlinear EAF profile in response to the time-dependent soil friction is examined, and is used to well assess the accumulation in pipeline walking rate. The proposed analytical framework is applied into case studies to demonstrate its validity and applicability in practice. 相似文献