淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素地球化学特征     

储安心  郑刘根  刘梦  程世贵  周学年 《沉积学报》2020,38(2):257-265

为探究淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素来源及地球化学特征，采集淮南煤田深部山西组煤煤样、夹矸、顶板和底板共20个样品，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测试样品中稀土元素含量及伴生元素含量，探讨了研究区深部山西组煤中稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明:淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素含量平均值为40.85 mg/kg，低于中国煤中稀土元素含量平均值；煤中稀土元素配分模式主要是H型配分模式；Eu元素明显负异常，表明煤中稀土元素沉积环境为还原环境；Ce元素呈微弱正异常，表明成煤沼泽环境中海水的影响并未造成Ce的严重亏损；相关性分析结果显示，山西组煤中稀土元素与灰分呈正相关(R2=0.55)，与陆源碎屑元素Al、Cr和Th等呈显著正相关，且与海相特征元素(B、Sr和Ca)相关性不明显。  相似文献   

An Automatic Method for Detecting Transients and Variable Sources in AST3 Survey Based on Image Subtraction and Random Forest     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2020,44(1):41-60

AST3-2 (the second Antarctic Survey Telescope) is located in Antarctic Dome A, the loftiest ice dome on the Antarctic Plateau. It produces a huge amount of observational data which require a more efficient data reduction program to be developed. Also the data transmission in Antarctica is much difficult, thus it is necessary to perform data reduction and detect variable and transient sources remotely and automatically in Antarctica, but this attempt is restricted by the unsatisfactory performance of the low power consumption computer in Antarctica. For realizing this purpose, to develop a new method based on the existing image subtraction method and random forest algorithm, taking the AST3-2 2016 dataset as the test sample, becomes an alternative choice. This method performs image subtraction on the dataset, then applies the principle component analysis to extract the features of residual images. Random forest is used as a machine learning classifier, and in the test a recall rate of 97% is resulted for the positive sample. Our work has verified the feasibility and accuracy of this method, and finally found out a batch of candidates for variable stars in the AST3-2 2016 dataset.  相似文献   

资源环境承载协调理论与评价方法     

李瑞敏  殷志强  李小磊  刘琼  孟晖  黄道袤  王轶  王龙平  王欣宝  刘建奎  孙超  赵德刚 《地质通报》2020,(1):80-87

资源环境承载能力评价是进行国土空间规划和用途管控的基础性工作,越来越受到国家重视。在资源环境承载能力研究实践中,以自然资源环境系统及其与社会经济系统的关系为主要研究对象,创新性提出了"资源环境承载协调理论",并基于此理论初步建立了不同空间尺度的地质资源环境承载能力评价技术方法,构建了地质环境、地下水资源、矿产资源等不同资源环境要素的承载能力评价指标体系,包括承载本底评价指标和承载状态评价指标。规范了不同尺度的资源与环境承载能力评价流程,为有序推动全国、区域及市县尺度的自然单元和行政单元的地质资源环境承载能力评价工作提供了强有力的。  相似文献   

不同顶管组合方式的管幕冻结温度场模型试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

段寅  荣传新  程桦  蔡海兵  解德柱  丁杨龙 《冰川冻土》2020,42(2):479-490

拱北隧道作为港珠澳大桥珠海连接线的关键性工程， 在国内外首次成功运用了管幕冻结技术。以此为背景， 为更加全面地掌握饱和软土地层中管幕冻结温度场的分布特点， 开展了不同顶管组合方式下的管幕冻结温度场模型试验研究。试验结果表明： 各测点温度曲线在积极冻结期前4 h急剧下降， 随后逐渐减缓， 降至砂土冰点后趋于平稳， 三种布管方式均满足冻结设计要求； 冻结管中低温盐水提供的冷量首先传递给顶管管壁， 再以“面”的形式均匀地传递给周围土体； 积极冻结21 h后， 采用四根空顶管组合的C区冻结壁竖向范围最大， 空管管壁正上方冻结壁平均厚度约为105 mm， 在满足管幕刚度设计要求的前提下， 可采此布管方式以达到快速形成冻结帷幕的目的。限位管开启后的4 h内， 实顶管中线垂直距离100 mm范围内测点温度曲线虽有明显回升但仍维持在冻土冰点以下， 超出此范围后温度变化影响逐渐减弱， 且顶管间冻结壁稳定存在， 表明限位管在满足管间有效封水的条件下， 能在一定范围内起到定向限制地层冻胀的作用。优化后的双圆形冻结管在满足冻结设计要求的同时， 更加便于安装且经济环保。  相似文献   

四川地区震后应急会商资料快速产出系统的设计与实现     

祁玉萍  汪小厉  林圣杰  肖本夫  何畅  廖晓峰 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(1):176-183

地震预报意见以大量资料为基础，依靠专家经验和多学科知识并通过会商讨论形成。显著地震发生后，快速、准确、有效地研判震情可为后期应急指挥和地震现场工作奠定基础。本文以Datist软件为平台，基于四川及邻区的基础资料，设计研发符合四川震情的震后会商资料快速产出系统，当四川及邻区发生中强地震时，通过该系统可在收到地震短信5分钟内以请求触发的方式快速产出应急会商资料，并以微信、PowerPoint和Word的形式将基础资料发送给分析预报人员，为后期趋势分析奠定基础。  相似文献   

Precise Determination of Astronomical Azimuth by the Hour Angle Method of Multiple Meridian Stars     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2020,44(4):536-548

  相似文献   

闽中南平—宁化构造带南华纪陆缘弧岩浆活动：对武夷造山带构造演化的新启示     

姜杨  赵希林  李龙明  潘桂棠  徐敏成  黄文成  刘欢 《中国地质》2020,47(4):1010-1024

南平—宁化构造带沿线出露着以万全岩群和楼前组、西溪组等为代表的一系列新元古代火山-沉积岩系。系统的岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究表明,福建明溪和江西瑞金地区的楼前组浅变质英安岩和晶屑凝灰岩分别形成于(729±4)Ma和(735±6.7)Ma(LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法),SiO2含量变化在65.22%～74.54%,相对富Al2O3(11.05%～16.80%)富碱(Na2O+K2O=4.88%～10.19%)而贫CaO、MgO和FeOT,ANK值和A/CNK值分别为1.23～1.78和0.98～1.57,Nb/Ta=12.44～17.28,Nd/Th=2.07～3.51,Ti/Zr=6.08～10.37,Ti/Y=68.51～154.71,属过铝质S型火山岩;明显富集大离子亲石元素(Ba、Rb等)而亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、P等),Zr/Nb=16.65～24.07,Th/Ta=12.94～16.93,δEu呈现明显负异常(0.33～0.62),显示岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。综合区域地质资料及前人研究结果提出,南平—宁化一线在713 Ma前为活动大陆边缘环境,洋壳俯冲引发的岩浆活动形成了沿南平—宁化—瑞金一线展布的陆缘弧中酸性火山岩带,暗示此时南、北武夷之间尚未拼合形成统一的武夷地块,因而华夏地块不存在统一的前南华纪结晶基底。  相似文献   

修正的Neupert效应          下载免费PDF全文

于文慧  李友平  甘为群 《天文学报》2020,61(5):53

Neupert效应的定性描述是耀斑中脉冲分量(硬X射线、微波暴)与渐变分量(软X射线发射)之间存在的因果关系,即耀斑最初的能量是以加速粒子的形式释放,加速的电子在大气传输过程中产生非热硬X射线轫致辐射,并加热大气,耀斑软X射线发射是高能粒子注入大气的响应.根据经典Neupert效应的定量描述,硬X射线发射(表征非热电子注入)结束时软X射线应该立刻达到极大,但以往的观测发现一些耀斑软X射线峰值时间(t2)明显晚于硬X射线结束时间(t1)(τ=t2–t1,τ 0),热与非热辐射之间存在明显的偏离经典Neupert效应的情况.为了研究偏离经典Neupert效应的事件,在2002—2015年间的RHESSI (Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager)和GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites)耀斑列表中,按照在25–50 keV范围内光变较简单、软X射线有对应发射峰等判据,共选择276个耀斑样本,统计了这些耀斑的τ分布、环长d (用双足点源之间的距离来表征)与τ的关系.结果显示:(1)有227个耀斑τ 0,即有约82%的耀斑偏离经典Neupert效应;(2)τ与d之间存在一定的线性相关,即环越长,软X射线极大的时间越延后;(3)似乎存在一个临界距离,当环长小于临界距离时,经典Neupert效应成立.这些结果印证了修正Neupert效应的必要性,并对其物理意义进行了讨论.  相似文献   

Cost benefits of forest restoration in a tropical grazing landscape: Thiaki rainforest restoration project     

《Global Environmental Change》2020

Global forest restoration is vital to mitigate climate change. Tropical forests are under the greatest threat from clearing while offering significant potential for restoration. Forest carbon credits through trading schemes have the potential to enable restoration, providing landholders with incentives to restore forests. Impediments to restoration are numerous, with one of the main ones being the unknown costs of forest restoration and uncertain returns from payment schemes, such as carbon trading programs. Many research and modeling papers on the potential of carbon markets to stimulate reforestation in agricultural landscapes rely on general estimates of reforestation. The reality, though, is that the benefits, returns, and break-even points of the reforestation costs and carbon price are highly sensitive to actual costs. Few papers actually investigate the real costs of farm-level restoration. Nearly all recent papers have used modeled scenarios in calculating Net Present Value (NPV), and so estimates of restoration cost and a return from carbon vary widely depending on modeled assumptions. Real data from a demonstration project in the Wet Tropics of Australia are provided in this paper. Three land use scenarios are compared: carbon only, cattle only, and a combination of carbon and cattle using on-ground data for restoration. Not surprisingly, scenarios of the highest carbon prices generate the highest net benefits in both carbon only and mixed carbon and cattle scenarios. A minimum carbon price of AUD$37 per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent is required to match income derived from cattle. The current policy environment that rewards the lowest cost abatement runs counter to Australia playing its role in the urgent need to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius and preferably 1.5 degrees Celsius.  相似文献   

Research on the Methods of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation for Active Hydrogen Maserstwo     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(2):292-304

Active hydrogen maser is the main frequency standard for establishing and maintaining the time scale. It has the characteristics of high short-term stability and low phase noise. At present, it plays an increasingly important role in the international atomic time (TAI) and various local time scales. Firstly, in combination with the internal state parameters of an active hydrogen maser, the correlation between the internal state parameters and the comparison data of a hydrogen maser is analyzed, and a method for the performance monitoring of a hydrogen maser is proposed. Secondly, according to the characteristics of hydrogen maser performance, a method for evaluating the performance of a hydrogen maser is given. The hydrogen maser performance includes mainly two aspects, namely the frequency stability and predictability. The performances of two types of active hydrogen masers (CH1-75 and MHM-2010) are evaluated by this method. The correlation analysis of the atomic clock state parameters and comparison data shows that the state parameter monitoring can effectively predict the variation of the hydrogen maser performance. The evaluation results of atomic clock frequency stability and predictability show that the atomic clock with a higher medium-and-long term frequency stability has a better predictability. There are two methods for the predictability evaluation, one is based on the data published by BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Measures), and another one is based on the quadratic model. Both methods are consistent with the weights published by BIPM. Therefore, the two methods can be used as a quantitative method to evaluate the predictability of a hydrogen maser.  相似文献