能力培养为导向的实践课程改革与设计     

刘亚文  王玥  段延松 《测绘通报》2020,(4):152-156

大学实践课程是培养学生创新、创业实践能力的重要环节，本文在新工科实验课程建设中，提出了以能力培养为导向的实践课程设计思路，旨在培养适应当今新技术、新产业、新模式快速变革时代的创新性工程科技人才。本文将传统的验证性实践课程调整为“目标设定、方案规划及实施”的设计型实验课程，强调学生在实践中的主体地位，遵循实践能力培养的规律，引导学生在实践中重参与、重思考、重实施、重过程。同时，将行业的最新发展、最新变革反映在实践教学课程中，增加了新型传感器及混合云人机协作数据处理平台，确保学生获取的知识和技术与快速发展的行业水平相接轨。本文以摄影测量实习课程改革为例，实践证明，课程的实施对于培养学生综合分析设计、创造性解决专业问题的能力取得了较好的效果。  相似文献   

Effect of different registration methods on precision of orientation based on RTK registration/georeferencing mode     

Shengming Hu  Zhijian Chen  Chenghui Wan  Chun Tang  Wen Xiong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):385-392

Abstract

Compared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional laser-scanning (3D-LS) technique can efficiently acquire many high-quality geometric properties of rock discontinuities. In practice, engineers usually prefer to simplify the processing by using single-station point data and roughly orienting owing to the complexity of registration/georeferencing multi-station point data. However, prior published studies have paid little attention to the accuracy and reliability when determining discontinuity orientations using 3D-LS. We propose a reliable and accurate method with robust on-site applicability. As part of an ongoing effort, we are evaluating the precision of the commonly used coarse registration method and the fine registration method, and promoted the optimized coarse- and fine-registration methods and evaluated their precision. It is found that: (1) the common and the optimized registration method can meet our project’s engineering requirements, and the optimized registration method improved accuracy in the dip direction by approximately 1°; (2) fine registration using an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm can correct both dip direction and dip angle; and (3) the orientation is of high precision with commonly used coarse and fine registration, whereas the optimization effect to correct the orientation is slightly limited.  相似文献   

Rutile inclusions in garnet from a dissolution‐reprecipitation mechanism     

Shyh‐Lung Hwang  Pouyan Shen  Hao‐Tsu Chu  Tzen‐Fu Yui  Yoshiyuki Iizuka  Hans‐Peter Schertl 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2019,37(8):1079-1098

Metamorphic garnet commonly contains needle‐like rutile inclusions as well as equant rutile inclusions that surround quartz inclusions and range in size from submicrometer to nanometer. Although the origin of these equant rutile inclusions, that is, exsolution or non‐exsolution, has important implications for petrological and tectonic processes, the crystallographic characteristics of these inclusions have rarely been studied because of the small sizes and analytical difficulties involved. Here, we report the crystallographic characteristics pertinent to the genetic origin of minute equant rutile inclusions in cloudy, nearly spherically shaped garnet domains with Ti‐depleted compositions surrounding quartz inclusions in ultrahigh‐pressure garnet from several diamondiferous Erzgebirge quartzofeldspathic gneissic rock samples. TEM analyses show that the equant rutile crystals in cloudy garnet domains are partially bounded by the low‐energy {100}_rt ± {110}_rt ± {101}_rt facets and have rather random crystallographic orientation relationships (CORs) with the garnet host, with preferential alignment of low‐energy lattice planes, for example, {100}_rt//{112}_grt, for some rutile crystals. Although the rather random CORs are unlikely to be attributed to solid‐state exsolution subjected to the stringent topotactic garnet lattice constraints, the characteristic subhedral {100}_rt ± {110}_rt ± {101}_rt crystal forms of rutile can be rationalized by a metasomatic dissolution‐reprecipitation mechanism via a fluid phase. In this scenario, the quartz+fluid inclusions in garnet were first subjected to decompression microcracking during rock exhumation, followed by dissolution of Ti‐bearing garnet matrix at the crack tips or along the crack surfaces and subsequent reprecipitation of rutile, apatite, gahnite, akdalaite, and Ti‐depleted garnet. The rapid coalescence between rutile and garnet crystals in fluid or direct attachment of rutile crystals onto the dissolving crack surfaces would then yield the rather random CORs as reported here. These results, along with previous work on rutile needles, indicate rather diverse genesis of rutile inclusions in various crystal forms, thus shedding light on the controversial exsolution origin for other inclusion suite/microstructure in minerals.  相似文献   

Inter‐laboratory Characterisation of Apatite Reference Materials for Chlorine Isotope Analysis     

Alicja Wudarska  Ewa S&#x;aby  Michael Wiedenbeck  Jaime D. Barnes  Magali Bonifacie  Neil C. Sturchio  Grard Bardoux  Frdric Couffignal  Johannes Glodny  Linnea Heraty  Timm John  Christof Kusebauch  Sathish Mayanna  Franziska D. H. Wilke  Ewa Deput 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2021,45(1):121-142

Here we report on a set of six apatite reference materials (chlorapatites MGMH#133648, TUBAF#38 and fluorapatites MGMH#128441A, TUBAF#37, 40, 50) which we have characterised for their chlorine isotope ratios; these RMs span a range of Cl mass fractions within the apatite Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(F,Cl,OH)₂ solid solution series. Numerous apatite specimens, obtained from mineralogical collections, were initially screened for ³⁷Cl/³⁵Cl homogeneity using SIMS followed by δ³⁷Cl characterisation by gas source mass spectrometry using both dual‐inlet and continuous‐flow modes. We also report major and key trace element compositions as determined by EPMA. The repeatability of our SIMS results was better than ± 0.10‰ (1s) for the five samples with > 0.5 % m/m Cl and ± 0.19‰ (1s) for the low Cl abundance material (0.27% m/m). We also observed a small, but significant crystal orientation effect of 0.38‰ between the mean ³⁷Cl/³⁵Cl ratios measured on three oriented apatite fragments. Furthermore, the results of GS‐IRMS analyses show small but systematic offset of δ³⁷Cl_SMOC values between the three laboratories. Nonetheless, all studied samples have comparable chlorine isotope compositions, with mean 10³δ³⁷Cl_SMOC values between +0.09 and +0.42 and in all cases with 1s ≤ ± 0.25.  相似文献   

Prediction of application scope of vertical fracture strike based on scattered wave fracture orientation function     

TANG Yufei  LIU Yuwei  LIU Xiwu  YANG Guodong 《世界地质(英文版)》2015,18(1)

Fracture system plays a very important role in the enrichment and accumulation of oil and gas in the reservoirs. Based on scattering wave information,Fracture Orientation Function( FOF) was built,which can be used to predict the fracture orientations. However,this method has only been verified by physical experiments without studies on the application scope. In this study,based on the linear sliding theory,FOF of the scattering wave was applied to the numerical simulation and the application scope was further studied according to fracture flexibility tensor. According to the fractures filled with gas and liquid,numerical simulation was conducted on the models with various fracture flexibilities. Numerical simulation results were used to inverse fracture orientation with the aid of the FOF of the scattering wave. The results show that it is workable to predict the vertical fracture orientation with the FOF of the scattering wave. Application of this method is more effective when the fractures are filled with gas than liquid. Moreover,the application scope can be predicted by the fracture flexibility.  相似文献   

Feature detection and description for image matching:from hand-crafted design to deep learning     

Lin Chen  Franz Rottensteiner  Christian Heipke 《地球空间信息科学学报》2021,24(1):58-74

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大地电磁测深法在深部矿产资源调查中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐新学 《物探与化探》2011,35(1):17-19

在临汾磁铁矿资源调查中,应用大地电磁测深法,结合已知钻孔标定、控矿环境分析以及反演断面电性等值线特征和目标层位的错动,圈定了1 400 m深度磁铁矿体的顶、底板界面和控矿断裂构造的位置。验证结果表明推断的顶、底板深度与实际深度误差分别为3.8%和0.5%,是频域电磁法在深部矿产资源勘查中应用于直接找矿比较成功的实例。表明探测深度大、对高导层(体)反映敏感的大地电磁测深法在深部及隐伏矿勘查中也是行之有效的。  相似文献   

水系沉积物测量在阿巴通德拉扎卡地区找矿应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵君  乔树岩  戴慧敏 《物探与化探》2011,35(1):24-27

水系沉积物测量技术在马达加斯加应用较少,笔者通过在马达加斯加阿巴通德拉扎卡地区水系沉积物测量找矿勘查,探讨该方法在此类地球化学景观地区的应用效果。应用该方法,在马达加斯加阿巴通德拉扎卡地区圈定147处综合异常,通过野外1∶1万地质填图和地表工程揭露,发现钛铁、镍、金等矿产,这说明水系沉积物测量方法适用于马达加斯加中部高原地区的地球化学景观条件,圈定的异常准确、有效,并可取得较好的找矿效果。水系沉积物测量方法可在马达加斯加的同类地区推广使用。  相似文献   

新疆西昆仑叶尔羌河地区成矿地质条件及找矿前景分析     

高杰  金平  侯万录  宋公社 《陕西地质》2011,29(1):42-49

新疆西昆仑叶尔羌河地区位于青藏高原西北部,昆仑山脉和喀喇昆仑山脉横亘测区中央,自然、交通条件差,地质矿产勘查研究程度低。本文在以往地质工作基础上,从区域地质背景、区域地球化学特征、区域矿产特征入手,对区域成矿地质条件进行了综合分析,对各成矿带主攻矿种、成矿类型、找矿前景进行了探讨总结。  相似文献   

郴耒煤田马田矿区F_1断裂特征及深部找煤分析     

马文华  肖金成 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(6):5-8

马田矿区位于郴耒煤田中部,含煤地层为二叠系上统龙潭组,主采煤层为61和62煤。马田推覆断裂F1对马田矿区的含煤地层起着控制、改造和破坏作用。通过对以往地质资料的分析,认为F1断层向区内深部延展,下盘仍保留有龙潭组上段的主要可采煤层61和62煤,在矿区西部庙嘴岭背斜南端寿福寺附近,煤层埋深相对较浅,可作为资源勘查的重点区域;勘查手段宜先采用地震勘查,寻找煤层埋藏较浅区段,再用钻探验证。  相似文献