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1.
Halophilic archaea comprise the majority of microorganisms found in hypersaline environments. C50 carotenoids accumulated in archaea cells are considered potential biotechnological products and possess a number of biological functions. Ten red colordes were isolated from brine water in a saltem crystaltizer pond of the Hangu Saltworks, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the colonies belonged to the extremely halophilic archaea genera Halobacterium and Halorubrum. Two representative strains, Halobacterium strain SP-2 and Halorubrum strain SP-4, were selected for further study on the phenotypic characteristics and effects of salinity and pH on accumulation and composition of pigments in their cells. The archaeal strains were isolated and grown in a culture medium prepared by dissolving yeast extract （10 g/L） and acid-hydrolyzed casein （7.5 g/L） into brine water obtained from a I.ocal salt pond. Their optimum salinity and pH for growth were 250 and 7, respectively, although pigment accumulation （OD490/ mL broth） was highest at pH 8. In addition, at 150-300 salinity, increasing salinity resulted in decreasing pigment accumulation. Analysis of the UV-Vis spectrum, TLC and HLPC chromatograms showed that C50 carotenoid bacterioruberin is the major pigment in both strains. 相似文献
2.
The tidal flat of Nakta is located in the northern part of the gulf of Gabes and in the southern coast of Sfax. It corresponds to a flat reef protected from less topography, with a slope ranging between 2° and 4°, which borders the Gargour Wadi. The study sector is renowned to have moderate hydrodynamics which lasts almost for two millenary (14C isotopic dating).The sedimentological study of the Nakta tidal flat revealed different facies: fine-grained sand in the intertidal zone and carbonated muddy sand in the infratidal zone.Equilibrium state of the Nakta ecosystem depends entirely on tide currents, which mainly inhibit drift currents. The Nakta tidal flat is characterized by a variety of faunal species (Cerastoderma glaucum, Arca noe, Cardita antiquatus, Chlamys varied, Ruditapes deccussatus, Tapes rhomboids, Pinctada radiate, etc.) and floristic diversities (Halocnemum strobilacum, Halimione portulacoides, Enteromorpha linza, Ulva rigida, Cymodocea nodosa, Posidonia oceanica). The species are abundant in the infratidal zone, while in its intertidal zone, faunal species remain little diversified and are dominated by limivorous diggering.The paleogeographic study of the Nakta tidal flat showed the alternation of regression and transgression periods. 相似文献
3.
降解多氯联苯嗜盐菌的分离和降解特性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从深海底泥中提取出生长盐度在15%~20%的十二株嗜盐菌,对其进行分离、纯化和富集,进行了形态观察和革兰氏染色,最终选取了一株生长状态良好的菌株进行降解多氯联苯的影响实验。通过改变菌株降解PCBs的条件——pH值、接种量以及多氯联苯的浓度,得到降解多氯联苯的最适条件:在30℃下此菌株降解的最适pH值为7~8,最佳接种量为5 mL,多氯联苯的浓度为3 mg/L以下时,72 h的降解率可以达到90%以上。 相似文献
4.
大浪滩盐湖蒸发盐嗜盐菌培养鉴定及其天体生物学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过火星遥感及火星登陆测量都发现了火星上存在大量的含水硫酸盐,这些盐类的状态和演化也见证了近代火星表面环境条件的变化。大浪滩盐湖是柴达木盆地第二大盐湖,也是中国最为干旱的地区之一,而且大浪滩盐湖分布有与火星类似的硫酸盐盐类沉积。我们采集了蒸发盐表层盐壳,盐湖结晶盐以及剖面沉积盐类等样品,进行室内分离、培养及鉴定嗜盐菌研究。结果表明,大浪滩盐结晶及盐类沉积中分布有不同类型的嗜盐菌,主要类型为Virgibacillus,Oceanobacillus,Halobacillus,和Terribacillus等。大浪滩盐湖蒸发盐中内生嗜盐菌的分离鉴定,为探索火星高盐环境中生命存在的形式和机制提供一种类比模式。 相似文献
5.
Haruo Saida Masahiro Kamekura Wael S. M. El-Sayed Mohamed Abu-Shady Yukuo Abe Tomoharu Yamaguchi Peiling Yang Takaaki Maekawa Humitake Seki 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(1):109-113
The use of GSI (Gram Stain Index) was studied for natural microbial cells in slightly and extremely saline environments. The GSI spectra of archaeal cells in an extremely saline environment showed unique profiles, different from those of Bacteria. These profiles can be applied for structural analysis of the microbial communities in aquatic environments. 相似文献
6.
Fluid inclusions trapped in ancient evaporites can contain a community of halophilic prokaryotes and eukaryotes that inhabited the surface brines from which the minerals formed. Entombed in the fluid inclusions in evaporites, some of these halophilic microbes remain viable for at least tens of thousands of years and possibly for hundreds of millions of years, even under high salinity, low oxygen, high radiation, low nutrient concentration. This review presents the scientific history of discovery, isolation, and culture of ancient halophilic microbes in halite fluid inclusions. We elucidated the controversy associated with the ancient halophilic microbes between geologists and geomicrobiologists. Major concerns and future perspectives on halophiles research were proposed. We emphasized that lithofacies analysis and depositional environment determination on evaporites are prerequisites before any microbiological survey, and rigorous biological protocol must be obeyed at all retrieval procedures for ancient microorganisms. We suggested that future study related to ancient halophilic microbes should focus on other evaporites such as gypsum, glauberite, and trona, characterize and identify older halophiles; clarify metabolic mechanism for longevity of ancient microorganisms. 相似文献
7.
针对长江口10个站位样品,采用HM培养基和ZMCA培养基分离培养耐(嗜)盐菌,通过PCR方法获取156株细菌的16S rDNA序列。其中,由HM培养基分离获得136株菌株,可划分为33个分类单元(OUT),分属α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)3个类群,其中γ-变形菌纲为优势耐(嗜)盐细菌;靠近海岸的站点M5-1,N6-2和M4-1耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于厚壁菌门,而远离海岸的站点耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于变形菌门。以ZMCA培养基分离获得的20株菌株分属α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria),可划分为10个OTU。由HM培养基分离获得的菌株中,70.5%属于耐盐菌,29.5%属于中度嗜盐菌;由ZMCA培养基分离获得的菌株均为耐盐菌。HM培养基分离得到的136株细菌的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原性分析表明,亚硝酸盐还原菌数量仅为硝酸盐还原菌的1/3左右。 相似文献
8.
The tidal flat of Nakta is located in the northern part of the gulf of Gabes and in the southern coast of Sfax. It corresponds to a flat reef protected from less topography, with a slope ranging between 2° and 4°, which borders the Gargour Wadi. The study sector is renowned to have moderate hydrodynamics which lasts almost for two millenary （14C isotopic dating）. The sedimentological study of the Nakta tidal flat revealed different facies： fine-grained sand in the intertidal zone and carbonated muddy sand in the infratidal zone. Equilibrium state of the Nakta ecosystem depends entirely on tide currents, which mainly inhibit drift currents. The Nakta tidal flat is characterized by a variety of faunal species （Cerastoderma glaucum, Arca hoe, Cardita antiquatus, Chlamys varied, Ruditapes deccussatus, Tapes rhomboids, Pinctada radiate, etc.） and floristic diversities （Halocnemum strobilacum, Halimione portulacoides, Enteromorpha linza, Ulva rigida, Cymodocea nodosa, Posidonia oceanica）. The species are abundant in the infratidal zone, while in its intertidal zone, faunal species remain little diversified and are dominated by limivorous diggering. The paleogeographic study of the Nakta tidal flat showed the alternation of regression and transgression periods. 相似文献
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10.
对分离自腌鱼的高产菌红素(bacterioruberin)的菌株r-fish进行了形态特征、生理生化特性与细胞化学组分的分析以及基于16SrDNA序列的系统发育分析。形态特征、生理生化特性及细胞化学组分的分析结果表明菌株r-fish为球形的嗜盐古菌。基于16SrDNA序列的系统发育结果表明,r-fish与Halobacterium trapanicum NCIMB784菌株的相似性为99．8％,归入Na-trinema属。用TLC法对r-fish的色素进行了分析,r-fish的色素组分包括菌红素(bacteriorubefin)、脱水菌红素(anhydrobacteriorubefin)、双脱水菌红素(bisanhydrobacteriorubeftn)和一未知色素。与Halobacteriumhalobium和Halococcus morrhuae的色素组分相似。 相似文献