Bidirectional shaking table tests of a low-cost friction sliding system with flat-inclined surfaces     

Miguel B. Brito  Mitsuyoshi Akiyama  Yoshitaka Ichikawa  Hiroki Yamaguchi  Riki Honda  Naomitsu Ishigaki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(8):817-837

A novel low-cost friction sliding system for bidirectional excitation is developed to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers. The sliding system is a spherical prototype developed by combining a central flat surface with an inclined spherical segment, characterized by stable oscillation and a large reduction in response accelerations on the flat surface. The inclined part provides a restoring force that limits the residual displacements of the system. Conventional steel and concrete are employed to construct a flat-inclined spherical surface atop an RC pier. The seismic forces are dissipated through the frictions generated during the sliding movements; hence, the seismic resilience of bridges can be ensured with a low-cost design solution. The proposed system is fabricated utilizing a mold created by a three-dimensional printer, which facilitates the use of conventional concrete to construct spherical shapes. The concrete surface is lubricated with a resin material to prevent abrasion from multiple input ground motions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the system, bidirectional shaking table tests are conducted in the longitudinal and transverse directions of a scaled bridge model. The effect of the inclination angle and the flat surface size is investigated. The results demonstrate a large decrease in response acceleration when the system exhibits circular sliding displacement. Furthermore, the inclination angle that generates the smallest residual displacement is identified experimentally.  相似文献   

Response of a scale-model pile group for a jacket foundation of an offshore wind turbine in liquefiable ground during shaking table tests     

Yung-Yen Ko  Yi-Ting Li 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(15):1682-1701

To investigate the seismic response of a pile group during liquefaction, shaking table tests on a 1/25 scale model of a 2 × 2 pile group were conducted, which were pilot tests of a test project of a scale-model offshore wind turbine with jacket foundation. A large laminar shear box was utilized as the soil container to prepare a liquefiable sandy ground specimen. The pile group model comprising four slender aluminum piles with their pile heads connected by a rigid frame was designed with similitude considerations focusing on soil–pile interaction. The input motions were 2-Hz sinusoids with various acceleration amplitudes. The excess pore water pressure generation indicated that the upper half of the ground specimen reached initial liquefaction under the 50-gal-amplitude excitation, whereas in the 75-gal-amplitude test, almost entire ground was liquefied. Accelerations in soil, on the movable frames composing the laminar boundary of the shear box, and along the pile showed limited difference at the same elevation before liquefaction. After liquefaction, the soil and the movable-frame accelerations that represented the ground response considerably reduced, whereas both the movable frames and the piles exhibited high-frequency jitters other than 2-Hz sinusoid, and meantime, remarkable phase difference between the responses of the pile group and the ground was observed, all probably due to the substantial degradation of liquefied soil. Axial strains along the pile implied its double-curvature bending behavior, and the accordingly calculated moment declined significantly after liquefaction. These observations demonstrated the interaction between soil and piles during liquefaction.  相似文献   

考虑冲刷影响的筒型基础竖向极限承载力研究     

陆罗观  刘润  练继建  陈广思 《海洋工程》2019,37(3):69-77

大直径宽浅式筒型基础,阻水宽度大,在位工作期间受波浪海流作用,其周围土体易被冲刷。为研究单侧地基土体受冲刷后筒型基础的竖向极限承载力变化,通过引进冲刷率的概念,采用有限元方法研究了不同冲刷率下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力;并基于Meyerhof理论建立了计算不同冲刷率下筒型基础竖向极限承载力的极限平衡方法。研究结果表明,随着冲刷率增大,筒型基础的极限承载力出现不同程度的下降,当冲刷率为0.8时,即筒型基础单侧土体冲刷深度达6.4 m时,筒型基础的竖向极限承载力折减率为3.28%。建立的极限平衡算法可准确计算冲刷条件下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力。  相似文献   

Effects of long-term cyclic horizontal loading on bucket foundations in saturated loose sand     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

A 1-g model experimental study was conducted to investigate the accumulated rotations and unloading stiffness of bucket foundations in saturated loose sand. One-way horizontal cyclic loading was applied to model bucket foundations with embedment ratios 0.5 and 1.0. Up to 10⁴ cycles of loading were applied at a frequency of 0.2 Hz varying load amplitudes. The accumulated rotation of the bucket foundations increased with the number of cycles and the load amplitudes. Empirical equations were proposed to describe the accumulated rotation of the foundations. The unloading stiffness of foundations increased with the number of cycles but decreased with an increase in load amplitude. The initial unloading stiffness of L/D = 1.0 (L is skirt length; D is foundation diameter) was approximately twice that of L/D = 0.5. Excess pore water pressure difference of 50% was observed between L/D = 0.5 and 1.0. The suction and static capacity of the bucket increased with increase of bucket embedment ratio with a difference of 69.5% and 73.6% respectively between L/D = 0.5 and 1.0.  相似文献   

大规模群桩基础水平承载力效应系数计算研究          下载免费PDF全文

贾鹏  王兰民  杨燕  刘上春 《地震工程学报》2020,42(5):1202-1207

桩基础在水平荷载或地震作用下的承载力计算一直是工程界的一个研究难点，近年来随着建筑、桥梁桩基础的规模大幅增加，基于小规模、小比例尺群桩基础水平承载力试验得出来的结论和计算方法可能会不适应新的计算要求，相关的认识和计算方法需要重新论证和更新。本文针对大规模群桩基础水平承载力效应系数的计算问题，首先对国内外研究进展进行调研，发现现有的规范计算方法可能会高估群桩基础的水平承载力。针对这些问题，对大规模群桩基础的水平承载力效应系数进行有限元数值计算分析，探讨水平承载力效应系数的规律，给出相应的计算方法，并与规范计算方法结果进行对比。本文的研究结果可为相应的工程设计问题提供依据，结果的适用性需要今后进一步的检验。  相似文献   

汽机弹簧隔振基础地震反应及弹簧变形分析          下载免费PDF全文

安栋 《地震工程学报》2020,42(6):1444-1450

采用SeismoStruct软件建立有限元模型对某汽轮发电机组弹簧隔振基础进行时程分析，研究弹簧隔振基础的频率振型和地震响应、层间变形、弹簧变形等特性。研究表明，弹簧隔振基础的自振频率较低，竖向自振频率远离机组工作扰频；弹簧隔振装置能够在地震作用时减小台板加速度反应，并根据刚度重新分配水平地震作用，充分发挥立柱的抗震能力。结果表明基础设计符合《建筑抗震设计规范》标准，达到了弹簧隔振抗震的目标，基础设计合理、安全可靠。SeismoStrcut作为有限元分析软件，对汽机基础的模拟能够达到工程需要。  相似文献   

文克尔地基模型下液化土桩基水平振动响应分析     

熊辉  杨丰 《岩土力学》2020,41(1):103-110

在桩基顶部承受竖向荷载作用的条件下，将完全液化后的上层土体视为流体，将桩基等效为欧拉-伯努利梁模型，探讨了桩底嵌固时桩基顶部的水平振动阻抗。运用流体动力方程模拟顶部液化土层的运动，运用文克尔地基模拟下部非液化分层土的运动。结合传递矩阵法，利用液化土与非液化分层土交界面处的位移、转角和内力连续条件，得到桩基顶部和底部的相关位移?内力表达关系式。根据桩基底部的嵌固条件，求得桩顶阻抗的表达式。与已有文献解进行对比，验证了分析过程的正确性。对阻抗影响条件进行参数分析，表明液化深度、轴力和流体密度大小对桩顶阻抗有不同的影响。  相似文献   

流塑淤泥地层深基坑钢板桩围堰位移突变原因分析及处理          下载免费PDF全文

杨勇  詹元林 《探矿工程》2020,47(3):69-74

广东省珠海市洪鹤大桥主墩承台位于珠江西江流域的流塑状淤泥地层，采用钢板桩围堰进行基坑支护，基坑开挖过程中，钢板桩围堰发生较大的变形。经详细分析，发现导致事故的主要原因有地下水位持续升高导致土体力学性能显著下降、边跨侧钢板桩长度不足、基坑边缘集中荷载过大、施工控制不严、内支撑体系施工精度不足等。为了确保深基坑支护的安全，在全面分析总结了钢板桩围堰变形原因的基础上，结合实际情况，采取了增设穿透淤泥质土层的钢管桩围堰、加强内支撑体系等加固处理措施，并在实施过程中进行持续监测，最终安全地完成了基坑工程的施工。  相似文献   

村镇滑移隔震建筑瞬时摩擦耗能的参数敏感性分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙敏  王锦燕  孙光林 《世界地震工程》2020,(3):100-108

给出了村镇滑移隔震建筑瞬时摩擦耗能的概念，并以此概念为响应指标。通过极差大小的对比，分析了该响应指标对刚度比、第二阶段刚度系数、隔震层屈服位移、隔震层摩擦系数、系统质量比和上部结构自振周期六个参数变化的敏感程度，阐述了上述系统参数对瞬时摩擦耗能这一响应指标的影响规律。研究表明:场地条件和地震动幅值大小对瞬时摩擦耗能均有显著影响；在所考虑的参数范围内，上部结构自振周期总是对瞬时摩擦耗能有较为显著的影响，摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能的影响跟场地条件有关，Ⅰ类场地条件中摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能影响不显著，而Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ类场地条件中，摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能的影响则非常显著；隔震层屈服位移、刚度比和第二阶段刚度系数总得来讲对瞬时摩擦耗能影响不显著，质量比对瞬时摩擦耗能影响居中。  相似文献   

Unified numerical study of shallow foundation on structured soft clay under unconsolidated and consolidated-undrained loadings     

Santosh Kumar Yadav  Guan-lin Ye  Usama Khalid 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):400-416

Abstract

Based on a new elasto-plastic constitutive model, this paper presents a soil–water coupled numerical prediction of the bearing capacity for shallow foundation constructed on Ballina soft clay for unconsolidated undrained (UU) and consolidated undrained (CU) conditions. This elasto-plastic constitutive Shanghai model has an advantage of describing the mechanical behaviour of over-consolidated and structured soil under different loading and drainage conditions, by using one set of material parameter. In this paper, the Shanghai model used for both UU and CU conditions has the same initial parameters obtained from laboratory test results. The loading conditions and consolidation stages vary based on construction details. The predicted bearing pressure-settlement responses for UU and CU, approves the field observation. The phenomenon of gaining the bearing capacity due to consolidation is captured and explained by the use of soil–water coupled numerical analysis with a new elasto-plastic model. The stress strain behaviour, stress paths and the decay of the structure of elements at different depths presented in this study, reveal the mechanism for the difference between UU and CU conditions to understand the foundation behaviour. Effect of the initial degree of soil structure on the bearing capacity is also addressed. Overall, this approach provides the integrated solution for the shallow foundation design problems under short and long-term loadings.  相似文献