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Marius-Victor Birsan Alexandru Dumitrescu Dana Magdalena Micu Sorin Cheval 《Natural Hazards》2014,74(3):1899-1910
The Carpathian Mountains region cover areas from seven countries of central and southeastern Europe, the mountain chain having major regional influences on the temperate climate, specific to latitudes between 43°N and 49°N. In order to identify changes in the annual temperature extremes, the Mann–Kendall nonparametric trend test has been applied to several thermal indices, recommended by the expert team on climate change detection and indices. The indices were computed from gridded daily datasets of minimum and maximum temperature at 0.1° resolution (~10 km), available online within the framework of the project CarpatClim (climate of the Carpathian region) for the period 1961–2010. The results show decreasing trends in cold-related indices, especially in the number of frost days, and increasing trends in warm-related ones. The trend patterns are consistent over the region, i.e., there are no mixed trends for a given index. Regional differences in climate extreme trends within the Carpathian region are related to altitude, rather than latitude. The number of summer days is increasing over the entire area, while the number of tropical nights presents upward trends mainly at lower elevations. The Warm Spell Duration Index presents upward trends over 60 % of the region. The (annual) East Atlantic pattern shows strong correlations with the warm-related indices. Our results are in agreement with previous temperature-related studies in the region. 相似文献
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Summary This paper promotes a GIS-based method that allows the visualization, the identification and the qualitative assessment of relationships existing among a limitless number of climatological variables. We use a variety of precipitation variables from fourteen Romanian weather stations to demonstrate the techniques and discuss its benefits and limitations. 相似文献
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Cheval Sorin Bulai Ana Croitoru Adina-Eliza Dorondel Ștefan Micu Dana Mihăilă Dumitru Sfîcă Lucian Tișcovschi Adrian 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2022,149(1-2):253-272
Theoretical and Applied Climatology - In the last decades, anthropogenic drivers have significantly influenced the natural climate variability of Earth’s atmosphere. Climate change has become... 相似文献
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Viorel Badescu Christian A. Gueymard Sorin Cheval Cristian Oprea Madalina Baciu Alexandru Dumitrescu Flavius Iacobescu Ioan Milos Costel Rada 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,111(3-4):379-399
Fifty-four broadband models for computation of solar diffuse irradiation on horizontal surface were tested in Romania (South-Eastern Europe). The input data consist of surface meteorological data, column integrated data, and data derived from satellite measurements. The testing procedure is performed in 21 stages intended to provide information about the sensitivity of the models to various sets of input data. There is no model to be ranked “the best” for all sets of input data. However, some of the models performed better than others, in the sense that they were ranked among the best for most of the testing stages. The best models for solar diffuse radiation computation are, on equal footing, ASHRAE 2005 model (ASHRAE 2005) and King model (King and Buckius, Solar Energy 22:297–301, 1979). The second best model is MAC model (Davies, Bound Layer Meteor 9:33–52, 1975). Details about the performance of each model in the 21 testing stages are found in the Electronic Supplementary Material. 相似文献
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The urban heat island (UHI) of the city of Bucharest (Romania) is analyzed in terms of its extension, geometry, and magnitude using the surface thermal data provided by the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. An objective method is developed that allows to delineate the UHI. The study focuses on the months of July from the 2000–2006 time interval. The average surface temperatures obtained for each pixel (1 km resolution) were analyzed on cross-profiles that helped us to determine the outline of the UHI. The shifting points identified by the Rodionov test in the temperature series of each profile were considered as possible limits of the UHI. Seemingly, the land cover has a major influence on the extension and the geometry of the Bucharest UHI in July. The magnitude of the heat island was calculated by comparing the average temperature inside its limits and the average temperature of the 5 km (a) and of the 10 km (b) buffers around it. The thermal difference between the UHI and the surrounding area of Bucharest is higher and more variable during the daytime, and is noticeably related to the land cover. 相似文献
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Sorin Cheval Alexandru Dumitrescu Aurora Bell 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2009,97(3-4):391-401
This paper explores the characteristics of the air (Tair) and land surface temperature (LST) from the city of Bucharest (Romania) during the extreme high temperatures that affected the region in July 2007. The behavior of Bucharest’s Urban Heat Island (UHI) is quantitatively described following similar methodological approaches to previous studies. The analysis integrates thermal data supplied by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors aboard the NASA satellites and meteorological data provided by the ground-based weather stations. Based on the Tair, one may claim that during extreme high summer temperatures, the UHI preserves its spatial and temporal pattern regarding the differences between the central urban perimeter and the suburban area. The investigation of the LST from July 2007 reveals that the nocturnal changes refer mainly to the magnitude and the limits of the UHI, while the shape is not changed. However, the extreme temperatures induce significant modifications of the features of the diurnal UHI, obliterating and dissipating it in certain spots, enlarging it and creating shifted heat islands in some other spots. The main explanation is the outstanding duration and intensity of the hot mass of air impacting the area. The correlations between the Tair measured at the weather stations in Bucharest and the corresponding LST retrieved significant values both under “normal” conditions and extreme temperature persistence, and offer good premises for robust validation studies. The MODIS products performed like an extremely useful instrument for analyzing the UHI. 相似文献
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