PALEOSOLS　OF　SANDY　LANDS　AND　ENVIRONMENTAL　CHANGES　IN　THE　WESTERN　PART　OF　NORTHEAST　PLAIN　OF　CHINA　WESTERN　DURING　HOLOCENE     

裘善文  李取生  夏玉梅  王景璐 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1995,5(2):137-148

ＰＡＬＥＯＳＯＬＳＯＦＳＡＮＤＹＬＡＮＤＳＡＮＤＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＴＨＥＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＰＡＲＴＯＦＮＯＲＴＨＥＡＳＴＰＬＡＩＮＯＦＣＨＩＮＡＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＤＵＲＩＮＧＨＯＬＯＣＥＮＥ￥ＱｉｕＳｈａｎｗｅｎ（裘善文）ＬｉＱｕｓ...  相似文献   

Isotopic Tracing of Trophication Processes over the Last Millennia on Lake Chenghai     

吴敬禄  王苏民  夏威岚 《中国地球化学学报》2003,22(3):271-279

Multi-parameter studies (stable isotopes in carbonate and organic matter, pigment,organic carbon and nitrogen contents) from a 660-yr continuous sediment core from Lake Cheng-hai, a closed, eutropic lake in southern China, provide information on lake historical eutrophi-cation. During the last 660 years, great changes have taken place in productivity and eutrophi-cation of Lake Chenghai in response to human activities. In 1690, the productivity of the lakebegan to increase as Lake Chenghai became closed from agriculture in the lake‘‘ s watershed. In 1942, Lake Chenghai evolved to eutrophic state, marked by an increase in organic carbon, ni-trogen, CaC03, pigment contents and obvious negative values of stable isotopes, which is more or less simultaneous with the large-scale population immigration during the period. In 1984, in-tensive human activities induced modern lacustrine productivity and eutrophic level. Human-in-duced trophic changes during the past few decades have affected the Lake Chenghai ecosystem tosuch an extent that it has never experienced before in the last 660 years.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variability of stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) in surface waters of arid,mountainous Central Asia     

Huawu Wu  Jinglu Wu  Kadyrbek Sakiev  Jinzhao Liu  Jing Li  Bin He  Ya Liu  Beibei Shen 《水文研究》2019,33(12):1658-1669

Characterization of spatial and temporal variability of stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ²H) of surface waters is essential to interpret hydrological processes and establish modern isotope–elevation gradients across mountainous terrains. Here, we present stable isotope data for river waters across Kyrgyzstan. River water isotopes exhibit substantial spatial heterogeneity among different watersheds in Kyrgyzstan. Higher river water isotope values were found mainly in the Issyk‐Kul Lake watershed, whereas waters in the Son‐Kul Lake watershed display lower values. Results show a close δ¹⁸O–δ²H relation between river water and the local meteoric water line, implying that river water experiences little evaporative enrichment. River water from the high‐elevation regions (e.g., Naryn and Son‐Kul Lake watershed) had the most negative isotope values, implying that river water is dominated by snowmelt. Higher deuterium excess (average d = 13.9‰) in river water probably represents the isotopic signature of combined contributions from direct precipitation and glacier melt in stream discharge across Kyrgyzstan. A significant relationship between river water δ¹⁸O and elevation was observed with a vertical lapse rate of 0.13‰/100 m. These findings provide crucial information about hydrological processes across Kyrgyzstan and contribute to a better understanding of the paleoclimate/elevation reconstruction of this region.  相似文献   

2018年常州一次罕见持续性雾-霾天气分析     

雷正翠  郑媛媛  刘银峰  孙康远  刘端阳  何涛  吴晶璐  周文君 《气象》2019,45(8):1123-1134

利用常规气象观测资料、探空资料、污染物浓度及AQI资料、NCEP再分析资料等,对2018年11月24日至12月3日夜间常州持续11 d的强浓雾和严重霾天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：（1）此次雾-霾过程持续时间长、范围广、强度大、污染重。（2）中纬度地区高层持续纬向环流控制、中低层暖脊稳定存在,地面持续受均压场或弱倒槽顶部、弱冷锋前部影响,是这次持续性雾-霾过程的重要天气条件。（3）边界层内弱辐散、负涡度及弱的下沉气流是此次雾-霾天气得以长时间维持、发展的动力因子。近地层长时间水汽饱和且维持小风速利于雾-霾的长时间维持。（4）近地面高强度的贴地逆温长时间维持和持续较低的混合层高度是此次雾-霾形成、发展和长时间维持的重要热力条件。雾比霾的平均混合层高度明显偏低且霾等级越高混合层高度越低,混合层高度的变化先于能见度变化,对雾-霾临近预警有较好的指导作用。（5）弱冷空气渗透、风速适当增加、混合层高度的先期快速下降、负净辐射曝辐量绝对值的明显增大是雾爆发性增强的主要原因。  相似文献   

Channel morphology and its impact on flood passage, the Tianjiazhen reach of the middle Yangtze River   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yafeng Shi  Qiang Zhang  Zhongyuan Chen  Tong Jiang  Jinglu Wu 《Geomorphology》2007,85(3-4):176

The Tianjiazhen reach of the middle Yangtze is about 8 km long, and characterized by a narrow river width of 650 m and local water depth of > 90 m in deep inner troughs, of which about 60 m is below the mean sea level. The troughs in the channel of such a large river are associated with regional tectonics and local lithology. The channel configuration plays a critical role in modifying the height and duration of river floods and erosion of the riverbed. The formation of the troughs in the bed of the Yangtze is considered to be controlled by sets of NW–SE-oriented neotectonic fault zones, in which some segments consist of highly folded thick Triassic limestone crossed by the Yangtze River. Several limestone hills, currently located next to the river channel, serve as nodes that create large vortices in the river, thereby accelerating downcutting on the riverbed composed of limestone highly susceptible to physical corrosion and chemical dissolution. Hydrological records indicate that the nodal hills and channel configuration at Tianjiazhen do not impact on normal flow discharges but discharges > 50,000 m³s^− 1 are slowed down for 2–3 days. Catastrophic floods are held up for even longer periods. These inevitably result in elevated flood stages upstream of prolonged duration, affecting large cities such as Wuhan and a very large number of people.  相似文献   

Baseline determination,pollution source and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Amu Darya Basin,Central Asia     

ZHAN Shuie  WU Jinglu  JIN Miao  ZHANG Hongliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(11):2349-2364

Central Asia (CA) is one of the most fragile regions worldwide owing to arid climate and accumulated human activities, and is a global hotspot due to gradually deteriorating ecological environment. The Amu Darya Basin (ADB), as the most economically and demographically important region in CA, is of particular concern. To determine the concentration, source and pollution status of heavy metals (HMs) in surface sediments of the ADB, 154 samples were collected and analyzed for metals across the basin. Correlation and cluster analysis, and positive matrix factorization model were implemented to understand metals’ association and apportion their possible sources. Cumulative frequency distribution and normalization methods were used to determine the geochemical baseline values (GBVs). Then, various pollution indices and ecological risk index were employed to characterize and evaluate the pollution levels and associated risks based on the GBVs. Results indicated that the mean concentrations of HMs showed the following descending order in the surface sediments of ADB: Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd. The spatial distribution maps showed that Cr, Ni, and Cu had relatively high enrichment in the irrigated agricultural area; high abundances of Zn, Pb, and Cd were mainly found in the urban areas. Four source factors were identified for these metals, namely natural sources, industrial discharge, agricultural activities, and mixed source of traffic and mining activities, accounting for 33.5%, 11.4%, 34.2%, and 20.9% of the total contribution, respectively. The GBVs of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Co in the ADB were 0.27, 58.9, 14.6, 20.3, 25.8, 53.4, and 9.80 mg/kg, respectively, which were similar to the regional background values obtained from lake sediments in the bottom. In general, the assessment results revealed that surface sediments of the ADB were moderately polluted and low ecological risk by HMs.  相似文献   

THE　HOLOCENE　SEDIMENTAL　CHARACTERISTIC　AND　PALEOCLIMATIC　EVOLUTION　OF　EBINUR　LAKE，XINJIANG     

吴敬禄  王苏民  吴艳宏 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1996,(1)

ＴＨＥＨＯＬＯＣＥＮＥＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＡＮＤＰＡＬＥＯＣＬＩＭＡＴＩＣＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＢＩＮＵＲＬＡＫＥ，ＸＩＮＪＩＡＮＧ吴敬禄，王苏民，吴艳宏ＴＨＥＨＯＬＯＣＥＮＥＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴ...  相似文献   

Possible solar forcing of 400-year wet–dry climate cycles in northwestern China     

Jinglu Wu  Zicheng Yu  Hai’Ao Zeng  Ninglian Wang 《Climatic change》2009,96(4):473-482

Here we present a multi-proxy paleolimnological record from a closed-basin lake (Ebinur Lake) in northwestern China to investigate climate change in this arid region during the last 1,500 years. The 120-cm long sediment core was dated by AMS radiocarbon and ²¹⁰Pb methods. The fine-grained clay sediments contain 3–17% organic matter (OM) and 9–31% carbonate, and are interrupted by multiple sand and silt layers. These sand/silt layers, having consistently low OM, were found at 700–800, 1000–1100, 1300–1400, and 1700–1750 a.d., with a time spacing of 300–400 years. We interpret that the low OM sand/silt layers were deposited during higher lake levels caused by increased river inflow from the surrounding mountains during wet climate intervals. This interpretation is supported by concurrent decreases in δ ¹⁸O and δ ¹³C of bulk carbonate and in carbonate content. Wet climate intervals at 700–800 a.d. and at 1700–1750 a.d. also correlate with elevated snow accumulation and low δ ¹⁸O from Guliya ice core on the NW Tibetan Plateau, both regions strongly influenced by the westerlies. This approximate 400-year periodicity of wet–dry climate oscillations appear to correlate with solar activity as shown by atmosphere ¹⁴C concentration and with paleo-moisture records in interior North America. Our results suggest that solar activities might have played a significant role in driving wet–dry climate oscillations at centennial scales in the interior of Eurasian continent.  相似文献   

A Titanosaurian Sauropod Dinosaur with Opisthocoelous Caudal Vertebrae from the Early Late Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Matthew C. LAMANNA 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(4):907-911

We describe a new titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur, Borealosaurus wimani gen. et sp. nov., based on a distinctive mid-distal caudal vertebra from the early Late Cretaceous Sunjiawan Formation exposed in the Shuangmiao village of Beipiao in Liaoning, China. We provisionally refer an isolated tooth crown, a middle caudal vertebra, and a right humerus from the same locality and horizon to this taxon. Borealosaurus is distinguished from other sauropods in its possession of opisthocoelous mid-distal caudal vertebrae. The occurrence of opisthocoelous caudals in Borealosaurus and the Mongolian sauropod Opisthocoelicaudia raises the possibility that these taxa pertain to an as-yet unrecognized titanosaurian subclade endemic to the Cretaceous Asia.  相似文献   

全新世艾比湖流域不同时段降水量的估算   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

吴敬禄  王洪道  王苏民 《湖泊科学》1993,5(4):299-306

本文应用水热平衡模型,对艾比湖全新世时期三个高湖面期的降水量进行计算。结果表明,2ka—3ka B.P.降水量比现今高出9％,达到287mm/a;4.5ka—6ka B.P.增加16％,达到306mm/a;6.5ka—8.0ka B.P.增加了22％,达到322mm/a。  相似文献