生态地理学概念界定及其经典案例分析     

傅声雷  傅伯杰 《地理科学》2019,39(1):70-79

对生态地理学的概念进行了详细讨论和辨析,并将它与相近学科如生物地理学、生态地理区划、宏生态学等进行了比较分析,界定了生态地理学的概念。研究认为：生态地理学是生态学和地理学的交叉学科,是研究生态系统各组分关系和生态过程的地理空间分布格局或/和时间演变规律及其与地理环境耦合机制的学科。生态地理学的目的是揭示不同环境梯度下或不同时间尺度上生态系统各组分关系和生态过程的普适性规律及其成因。同时,结合国内外野外实验平台介绍,在全球变化等研究领域列举了经典案例进行分析：① 全球不同气候带森林凋落物分解和碳汇功能的研究;② 中国不同陆地生态系统碳通量和碳汇功能研究;③ 中国东北样带和南北样带陆地生态系统的脆弱性与适应性研究;④ 中国北方草地样带尺度的生态系统生态学研究。主要目的是在辨析生态地理学概念的基础上指出未来发展方向,推动生态地理学的发展。  相似文献   

“地理素养与测绘技能”双驱动的GIS专业大学生创新能力培养模式的探索     

蔡忠亮  翁敏  苏世亮  亢孟军  费腾  田晶  任福 《测绘通报》2020,(8):148-152

在信息技术快速发展和万众创新、大众创业的时代背景下，创新与创新人才已成为国家发展的重要推动力，创新教育和创新人才培养成为高校的重要任务。本文以武汉大学地理信息科学（GIS）专业为例，结合专业特点和优势，探索了"地理素养、测绘技能"驱动下的GIS专业大学生创新能力的培养模式和"厚基础、重知识、强技能"的贯通式培养途径。围绕创新人才培养和成长的内在因素和外部条件，从人才培养方案与课程体系、创新型教师团队与新型教学方法、教学科研创新平台与创新条件、创新人才发展评价与激励机制等4个方面开展了创新型发展探索。结合实践表明，本模式取得了显著的创新成果，产生了良好的示范辐射作用。  相似文献   

Microwave Type III Burst Group in the 1993 October 2 Flare     

Qijun Fu  Zhihai Qin  Yuying Liu  Guangli Huang 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1997,250(2):189-204

Microwave Type III bursts with positive frequency drifting rate were found by Stahli and Benz (1987) for first time. Type III events are especially interesting because they are well-known to be signatures of electron beams in coronal plasma, and they are effective means for diagnosting of source plasma. A microwave burst consisting of some microwave type III burst groups was registered at Beijing Astronomical Observatory with the 2545–2645–2840 MHz synchronous observing system. The distributions of frequency drifting rate, half power duration, and intensity for each impulse in the groups have been statistically analysed. From this analysis, some important parameters for the dynamic process in the flare are deduced and discussed.  相似文献   

A New Solar Radio Spectrometer at 1.10-2.06 GHz and First Observational Results   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hui-Rong Ji  Qi-Jun Pu  Yi-Hua Yan  Yu-Ying Liu  Zhi-Jun Chen  Cheng-Ming Tan  Cong-Ling Cheng  De-Bang Lao  Shu-Ke Li  Zhi-Qiang Wang  Min-Hong Yu  Jian-Nong Liu  Li-Kang Zhang  Ji-Yong Gao National Astronomical Observatories  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute  Shijiazhuang 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2005,5(4):433-441

An improved Solar Radio Spectrometer working at 1.10-2.06 GHz with much improved spectral and temporal resolution, has been accomplished by the National Astronomical Observatories and Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute, based on an old spectrometer at 1-2 GHz. The new spectrometer has a spectral resolution of 4 MHz and a temporal resolution of 5ms, with an instantaneous detectable range from 0.02 to 10 times of the quiet Sun flux. It can measure both left and right circular polarization with an accuracy of 10% in degree of polarization. Some results of preliminary observations that could not be recorded by the old spectrometer at 1-2 GHz are presented.  相似文献   

Generalized strain probing of constitutive models     

Youssef M. A. Hashash  Qingwei Fu  Jeremy Butkovich 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2004,28(15):1503-1519

Advanced material constitutive models are used to describe complex soil behaviour. These models are often used in the solution of boundary value problems under general loading conditions. Users and developers of constitutive models need to methodically investigate the represented soil response under a wide range of loading conditions. This paper presents a systematic procedure for probing constitutive models. A general incremental strain probe, 6D hyperspherical strain probe (HSP), is introduced to examine rate‐independent model response under all possible strain loading conditions. Two special cases of HSP, the true triaxial strain probe (TTSP) and the plane‐strain strain probe (PSSP), are used to generate 3‐D objects that represent model stress response to probing. The TTSP, PSSP and general HSP procedures are demonstrated using elasto‐plastic models. The objects resulting from the probing procedure readily highlight important model characteristics including anisotropy, yielding, hardening, softening and failure. The PSSP procedure is applied to a Neural Network (NN) based constitutive model. It shows that this probing is especially useful in understanding NN constitutive models, which do not contain explicit functions for yield surface, hardening, or anisotropy. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

On the microwave millisecond spike emission and its associated phenomena during the impulsive phase of large solar flare     

Chun-sheng Li  Qi-jun Fu  Yu-hua Yan  Shu-ying Jiang  Hong-wei Li 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1985,9(2):128-133

We propose a model of two acceleration regions, which can explain, on the basis of microwave maser caused by a “hollow-beam” distribution of electrons, the presence of millisecond spikes in the event of 1981 May 16 and their absence in the event of 1981 October 12, and the enhanced continuous emission in the latter. We have also uncovered relations among the features, e.g. the Type III_G, Type IV_DCIM and hard x-ray bursts, that accompany the microwave millisecond spikes during the impulsive phase of a large flare.  相似文献   

试论质量体系有效性的保持     

付殿东  陈之中  滕磊 《地理信息世界》2001,(1)

提出了保持质量体系有效运行的前提和基础 ,关键和保证措施 ,并指出了组织企业保持质量体系持续有效的方法和途径。  相似文献   

Infrared Study of T Tauri Stars Based on IRAS and 2MASS Observations     

P. Zhang  Y. Q. Ni  Z. Q. Fu  J. H. He 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,306(1-2):77-92

The IRAS and 2MASS associations for 193 T Tauri stars are identified in this paper. From the color–color diagrams and spectral index, it is found that the IR excesses for most samples are due to thermal emission from the circumstellar material, as suggested previously. It is also found that the IR excesses at IRAS region for few T Tauri stars and the near-IR excesses for some T Tauri stars are likely attributed to free-free emission or free-bound emission from the circumstellar ionized gas. Moreover, It is found in deredened J–H versus H–K color–color diagram that there is a slight separation in different spectral groups. The T Tauri stars locus equation in J–H versus H–K color–color diagram for our sample is also presented.  相似文献   

土壤中氟的形态分析   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

桂建业  韩占涛  张向阳  刘福亮 《岩矿测试》2008,27(4):284-286

以宁夏盐池地区高氟土壤为例,采用连续提取法对土壤样品中各形态氟进行提取,离子色谱法测定各形态氟的含量。根据研究目的及土壤特点将氟的形态划分为水溶态、离子交换态、可还原态、可氧化态及残渣态5种形态;对各种形态连续提取过程中使用的提取液进行了选择。采用建立的方法获得提取土壤中F-的检出限为0.76μg/g;方法精密度(RSD,n=7)各形态氟为水溶态氟11.3%,离子交换态氟13.5%,可还原态氟10.7%,可氧化态氟8.9%。  相似文献   

海相碳酸盐岩层系不整合量化研究及其意义——以四川盆地北部二叠系为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李儒峰  郭彤楼  汤良杰  陈国飞 《地质学报》2008,82(3):407-412

本文以四川盆地北部二叠系为例,将层序地层分析和沉积盆地波动过程分析相结合,提出了运用沉积波动过程分析研究沉积记录不完整性的量化方法,该方法可以相对准确地定量描述盆地形成演化过程中的升降运动,恢复无地层"记录"中的沉积-剥蚀过程,进而定量分析盆地的沉积-剥蚀过程、计算沉积间断(不整合)内的地层剥蚀量、认识其时空分布规律.同时,通过实际钻井及"人工井"的波动过程分析,结合地震剖面解释成果,可以作出主要不整合的空间分布图、各层位的剥蚀厚度图和原始厚度图、各期构造的剥蚀量分布图等重要基础图件,为盆地进一步系统分析及盆地模拟打好基础,结合沉积相研究及构造样式分析还可分析盆地沉积中心、生油层、盖层、储层等在时空中的变化规律.由于沉积盆地的升降波动过程直接影响着盆地的埋藏史、热史和生、排烃史,因此通过沉积波动过程的系统分析不仅能正确建立盆地演化的地质模型,还可以正确认识油气形成与分布规律,有效指导油气勘探.  相似文献