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Jones Keith Pascale Federica Wanigarathna Nadeeshani Morga Mariantonietta Sargin Sinan 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2021,19(10):4115-4143
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - As cities become larger and more densely populated the impacts of major earthquake events on city communities become more severe. Improving community resilience... 相似文献
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Pawel Wielgosz Andrzej Krankowski Rafal Sieradzki Dorota A. Grejner-Brzezinska 《Acta Geophysica》2008,56(4):1147-1161
Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS positioning over longer distances requires a support of atmospheric (ionospheric and tropospheric) corrections, since the atmospheric errors decorrelate with the growing distances and cannot be completely eliminated by double differencing of the satellite observations. Currently, the most commonly used approach is to derive the atmospheric corrections at the reference station network and provide them in real time to the roving receiver. Another solution, proposed here, is to use predictive atmospheric models in order to derive the atmospheric corrections. This paper presents the test results of the performance assessment of the predictive ionosphere model (UWM-IPM) application to medium-range RTK positioning. The rover data collected within 25 to 67 km from the closest reference station were processed in the kinematic mode with the support of the ionospheric corrections derived from the UWM-IPM model. The RTK solution was derived in both single-and multi-baseline modes, and compared to the two reference solutions obtained without the ionospheric corrections. All numerical tests were carried out using the MPGPS software developed in cooperation with The Ohio State University; a recent extension to the software, developed at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, introduces the predictive ionosphere model to the RTK solution. The test results are very promising, and indicate that predicted ionosphere corrections can effectively support medium-range RTK positioning, and allow for fast ambiguity resolution over distances of several tens of kilometers under moderate ionospheric conditions. 相似文献
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Stefano Mazzoli Leszek Jankowski Rafal Szaniawski Massimiliano Zattin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(2):162-169
Thermal indicators record exhumation of sedimentary units from depths in excess of 6 km over most of the Outer Carpathian fold and thrust belt in Poland. Apatite fission track data, showing cooling ages ranging between 32.1 ± 4.8 and 7.0 ± 0.8 Ma, indicate that exhumation was partially coeval with shortening. However, new thermochronometric information obtained as part of this study allowed us to unravel a previously undetected, post-thrusting exhumation stage. The integration of new field data and structural analysis with low-T thermochronometry suggests that termination of thrusting – at ca. 11 Ma in the area of the present study – was followed by gravity disequilibria within the orogenic wedge. The related extension and denudation phenomena appear to have played a primary role in the recent (< 10 Ma) tectonic evolution of the Western Outer Carpathians, exerting a major control on exhumation processes in this key area of the Alpine–Carpathian mountain system. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to characterize changes of reflectance, reflectance anisotropy and reflectance indicating surface (RIS) shape of vitrinite, sporinite and semifusinite subjected to thermal treatment under inert conditions. Examination was performed on vitrinite, liptinite and inertinite concentrates prepared from channel samples of steam coal (Rr = 0.70%) and coking coal (Rr = 1.25%), collected from seam 405 of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The concentrates were heated at temperatures of 400–1200 °C for 1 h time in an argon atmosphere.All components examined in this study: vitrinite, sporinite and semifusinite as well as matrix of vitrinite and liptinite cokes, despite of rank of their parent coal, show, in general, the most important changes of reflectance value and optical anisotropy when heated at 500 °C, 800 °C (with the exception of bireflectance value of sporinite) and 1200 °C.After heating the steam coal at 1200 °C, the vitrinite and the semifusinite reveal similar reflectances, whereas the latter a slightly stronger anisotropy. Sporinite and matrix of liptinite coke have lower reflectances but anisotropy (Rbi and Ram values) similar to those observed for vitrinite and semifusinite. However, at 1000 °C sporinite and matrix of liptinite coke have the highest reflectivity of the studied components. The RIS at 1200 °C is the same for all components.The optical properties of the three macerals in the coking coal become similar after heating at 1000 °C. Coke obtained at 1200 °C did not contain distinguishable vitrinite grains. At 1200 °C semifusinite and vitrinite coke matrix have highest Rr values among the examined components. Maximum reflectance (Rmax) reach similar values for vitrinite and sporinite, slightly lower for semifusinite. Matrix of liptinite coke and matrix of vitrinite coke have considerably stronger anisotropy (Rbi and Ram values) than other components. RIS at 1200 °C is also similar for all components. 相似文献
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This paper describes the application and calculation of hydrocarbon anomalies in two different boreholes located in Eastern Pomerania (northern Poland). Spectrometric data from borehole geophysical probe (borehole 1) and portable gamma logger (borehole 2) were used to analyze shale formations. The results from borehole 1 presented a statistically significant, moderate correlation between calculated hydrocarbon anomalies and hydrocarbon saturation data obtained from well log interpretation. Borehole 2 has been analyzed focusing on the gamma radiation of the core samples, and the positive results of borehole 1. Hydrocarbon anomalies calculated from spectral gamma radiation are reliable indicators of sweet spots, based solely on a cursory evaluation of core measurements. These preliminary information acquired from gamma-ray measurements could help increase sampling precision of further geochemical analysis. 相似文献
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Rafal Morga 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(4):218-226
This study describes changes of surface roughness of semifusinite and fusinite as an indicator of structural alteration resulting from heat treatment at 400–1200 °C. Surface roughness has been investigated by atomic force microscopy of inertinite concentrates from coking coals (vitrinite reflectance Rr = 1.07%–1.41%) from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin of Poland (Namurian C — Westphalian A). Unheated fusinite has a higher surface roughness than semifusinite from the same coal. The average surface roughness of semifusinite decreases with the Swelling Index of the parent coal. Heating increases the surface roughness of semifusinite and fusinite. Increase in the average surface roughness is stronger for semifusinite than fusinite and correlates to increasing reflectance of these macerals. The surface roughness of semifusinite correlates to the relative mass loss of the inertinite concentrates during heating. After heating to 1200 °C fusinite has a lower average surface roughness than semifusinite from the same coal. Consequently, average surface roughness can be used as a measure of structural alteration of inertinite group macerals during heat treatment. 相似文献
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Banville Simon Sieradzki Rafal Hoque Mainul Wezka Kinga Hadas Tomasz 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(4):1817-1828
GPS Solutions - Higher-order ionospheric effects, if not properly accounted for, can propagate into geodetic parameter estimates. For this reason, several investigations have led to the development... 相似文献
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Improving the resilience of existing built assets to earthquake induced liquefaction disaster events
Jones Keith G. Morga Mariantonietta Wanigarathna Nadeeshani Pascale Federica Meslem Abdelghani 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2021,19(10):4145-4169
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - LIQUEFACT was a EU H2020 funded project to investigate earthquake induced liquefaction potential across Europe and develop a series of tools to understand... 相似文献
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