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Pawel Wielgosz Andrzej Krankowski Rafal Sieradzki Dorota A. Grejner-Brzezinska 《Acta Geophysica》2008,56(4):1147-1161
Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS positioning over longer distances requires a support of atmospheric (ionospheric and tropospheric) corrections, since the atmospheric errors decorrelate with the growing distances and cannot be completely eliminated by double differencing of the satellite observations. Currently, the most commonly used approach is to derive the atmospheric corrections at the reference station network and provide them in real time to the roving receiver. Another solution, proposed here, is to use predictive atmospheric models in order to derive the atmospheric corrections. This paper presents the test results of the performance assessment of the predictive ionosphere model (UWM-IPM) application to medium-range RTK positioning. The rover data collected within 25 to 67 km from the closest reference station were processed in the kinematic mode with the support of the ionospheric corrections derived from the UWM-IPM model. The RTK solution was derived in both single-and multi-baseline modes, and compared to the two reference solutions obtained without the ionospheric corrections. All numerical tests were carried out using the MPGPS software developed in cooperation with The Ohio State University; a recent extension to the software, developed at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, introduces the predictive ionosphere model to the RTK solution. The test results are very promising, and indicate that predicted ionosphere corrections can effectively support medium-range RTK positioning, and allow for fast ambiguity resolution over distances of several tens of kilometers under moderate ionospheric conditions. 相似文献
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Stefano Mazzoli Leszek Jankowski Rafal Szaniawski Massimiliano Zattin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(2):162-169
Thermal indicators record exhumation of sedimentary units from depths in excess of 6 km over most of the Outer Carpathian fold and thrust belt in Poland. Apatite fission track data, showing cooling ages ranging between 32.1 ± 4.8 and 7.0 ± 0.8 Ma, indicate that exhumation was partially coeval with shortening. However, new thermochronometric information obtained as part of this study allowed us to unravel a previously undetected, post-thrusting exhumation stage. The integration of new field data and structural analysis with low-T thermochronometry suggests that termination of thrusting – at ca. 11 Ma in the area of the present study – was followed by gravity disequilibria within the orogenic wedge. The related extension and denudation phenomena appear to have played a primary role in the recent (< 10 Ma) tectonic evolution of the Western Outer Carpathians, exerting a major control on exhumation processes in this key area of the Alpine–Carpathian mountain system. 相似文献
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This paper describes the application and calculation of hydrocarbon anomalies in two different boreholes located in Eastern Pomerania (northern Poland). Spectrometric data from borehole geophysical probe (borehole 1) and portable gamma logger (borehole 2) were used to analyze shale formations. The results from borehole 1 presented a statistically significant, moderate correlation between calculated hydrocarbon anomalies and hydrocarbon saturation data obtained from well log interpretation. Borehole 2 has been analyzed focusing on the gamma radiation of the core samples, and the positive results of borehole 1. Hydrocarbon anomalies calculated from spectral gamma radiation are reliable indicators of sweet spots, based solely on a cursory evaluation of core measurements. These preliminary information acquired from gamma-ray measurements could help increase sampling precision of further geochemical analysis. 相似文献
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Rafal Morga 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(4):218-226
This study describes changes of surface roughness of semifusinite and fusinite as an indicator of structural alteration resulting from heat treatment at 400–1200 °C. Surface roughness has been investigated by atomic force microscopy of inertinite concentrates from coking coals (vitrinite reflectance Rr = 1.07%–1.41%) from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin of Poland (Namurian C — Westphalian A). Unheated fusinite has a higher surface roughness than semifusinite from the same coal. The average surface roughness of semifusinite decreases with the Swelling Index of the parent coal. Heating increases the surface roughness of semifusinite and fusinite. Increase in the average surface roughness is stronger for semifusinite than fusinite and correlates to increasing reflectance of these macerals. The surface roughness of semifusinite correlates to the relative mass loss of the inertinite concentrates during heating. After heating to 1200 °C fusinite has a lower average surface roughness than semifusinite from the same coal. Consequently, average surface roughness can be used as a measure of structural alteration of inertinite group macerals during heat treatment. 相似文献
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Banville Simon Sieradzki Rafal Hoque Mainul Wezka Kinga Hadas Tomasz 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(4):1817-1828
GPS Solutions - Higher-order ionospheric effects, if not properly accounted for, can propagate into geodetic parameter estimates. For this reason, several investigations have led to the development... 相似文献
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Krzysztof Stereńczak Rafal Zapłata Maciej Sztampke Radomir Bałazy 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(2):300-316
This article presents the results and potential of using volunteered geographic information (VGI) in heritage detection. Research was completed under the project entitled “Laser Discoverers – non‐invasive examination and documentation of archeological and historical objects in the ?wi?tokrzyskie Voivodeship”, carried out as a part of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education program entitled “The Paths of Copernicus”. Within the project, strong emphasis was placed on promotional and awareness‐raising activities, to involve as many voluntary users as possible. Project participants had at their disposal a web application, which provided access to a digital terrain model (DTM) where they identified possible heritage objects. All samples of data were additionally available in eight variants of sunshine, based on the simulation of sunlight from eight directions and at a constant angle. In total, 5,989 elementary areas with dimensions of 100 × 100 m were used for the project. After conducting a field inventory, Internet users together with specialists were able to recognize several thousands of potential archaeological and historic objects. During the project, approximately 10% of those features were verified through non‐invasive (field survey) work, with 75% success. 相似文献
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Rafal Morga 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(4):194
The study was performed on inertinite concentrates prepared from 19 samples of bituminous, mostly coking, coal (Rr = 0.87–1.42%) from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin of Poland. In all examined samples, total semifusinite differs from fusinite, in terms of mean values, by higher frequencies of the D1 and D4 band position and lower frequency of the D3 band position, higher G band FWHM, the AD3/AALL and AD4/AALL ratios (where AALL means the surface of all the Raman bands), and lower D1 band FWHM, the ID1/IG and AD1/AALL ratios. Similar differences exist between reactive and non-reactive semifusinites. The diameter of coherent domains (La) increases in the following sequence: reactive semifusinite < non-reactive semifusinite < fusinite. The AD3 + D4/AALL ratio reflects inertinite reactivity in bituminous coals, and decreases with the increase of mean reflectance (Rr) of semifusinite and fusinite. Using the AD3 + D4/AALL, ID1/IG and AD1/AALL ratios or the D3 band position it is possible to interpret thresholds dividing, in terms of mean values, total semifusinite and fusinite, coming from different coals. The results of the study suggest that the term “semifusinite” should only comprise reactive and semi-reactive components. Non-reactive semifusinite should be considered fusinite. Semifusinite from bituminous coals (of Rr ≈ 0.9–1.4%), defined in the proposed way, would be characterized by the AD3 + D4/AALL ratio ≥ 0.35, or the ID1/IG ratio ≤ 1.03. 相似文献
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