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上层海洋对台风"凯萨娜"(2009)的响应特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文利用多源卫星遥感数据和Argo浮标数据对2009年台风"凯萨娜"过后,南海上层海洋的物理和生态响应特征进行了分析。结果表明,"凯萨娜"引起的上升流流速最大可以达到1.6×10~(–3)m/s,台风过后,海表面温度(SST)下降显著,最大降温幅度可以达到6℃,海表面高度降低,先前存在的中尺度冷涡进一步加强。台风过后,沿着台风路径,叶绿素浓度升高,最大值可以达到2 mg/m~3以上,初级生产力升高到台风过境前的5倍。SST的最大降温中心与海面高度下降区域以及叶绿素浓度升高的区域一致。Argo数据表明台风诱发了强烈的垂向混合和艾克曼泵吸,不同位置处,垂向混合和艾克曼泵吸的强度不一样。通过混合和泵吸过程,台风可以把海洋内部的营养盐输送到海洋表层,对整个南海的物理和生态过程有重要影响。 相似文献
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Santosh Kumar Yadav Guan-lin Ye Usama Khalid 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):400-416
AbstractBased on a new elasto-plastic constitutive model, this paper presents a soil–water coupled numerical prediction of the bearing capacity for shallow foundation constructed on Ballina soft clay for unconsolidated undrained (UU) and consolidated undrained (CU) conditions. This elasto-plastic constitutive Shanghai model has an advantage of describing the mechanical behaviour of over-consolidated and structured soil under different loading and drainage conditions, by using one set of material parameter. In this paper, the Shanghai model used for both UU and CU conditions has the same initial parameters obtained from laboratory test results. The loading conditions and consolidation stages vary based on construction details. The predicted bearing pressure-settlement responses for UU and CU, approves the field observation. The phenomenon of gaining the bearing capacity due to consolidation is captured and explained by the use of soil–water coupled numerical analysis with a new elasto-plastic model. The stress strain behaviour, stress paths and the decay of the structure of elements at different depths presented in this study, reveal the mechanism for the difference between UU and CU conditions to understand the foundation behaviour. Effect of the initial degree of soil structure on the bearing capacity is also addressed. Overall, this approach provides the integrated solution for the shallow foundation design problems under short and long-term loadings. 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - In this paper, an elastoplastic constitutive model is proposed to uniformly describe the mechanical behavior of cemented/ non-cemented soil under different loading conditions. A... 相似文献
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固化土和土工格栅护岸工法（SG-WALL工法）是一种采用固化土和土工格栅加固港口护岸结构的新型工法。它的抗震性能已经通过一系列振动台试验得到了确认。为了能够数值再现SG-WALL结构在地震荷载作用下的动力反应,对SG-WALL结构的振动台试验进行了动态数值模拟研究。试验和模拟结果的对比表明,数值模拟方法能够再现SG-WALL结构在振动荷载作用下的主要动力特征。模拟结果还表明：固化土的长度对SG-WALL抗震性能起到重要的影响;土工格栅的最大拉应变发生在与排桩的连接处,并且沿着远离排桩的方向逐渐减小。 相似文献
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Cloud profiling radar (CPR) onboard CloudSat allows for deep penetration into dense
clouds/precipitation. In this study, tropical cyclones (TCs) are classified into three stages
as developing, mature, and decaying. The circular TC area with the radius of 500 km is divided
into five regions. The vertical structure characteristics of 94 Western Pacific TCs at
different stages in different regions from June 2006 to February 2014 are statistically
quantified using the CloudSat tropical cyclone overpass product (the CSTC Product). Contoured
frequency by altitude diagrams (CFADs) of radar reflectivity show an arc-like feature and
exhibit opposite distributions with a boundary at 5 km. Bright bands are found at this
altitude, indicating melting layers. Deep convective (DC) clouds have the largest occurrence
probability in the inner region, while Ci clouds occur more frequently in the outer region at
10-15 km. As clouds have the second largest vertical scale after DC clouds. Distributions of
Ac, Cu, and Ns clouds at different stages have few distinctions. As the altitude increases,
the ice effective radius and the distribution width parameter decrease while the particle
number concentration increases. Moist static energy (MSE), cloud thickness (CT), liquid water
path (LWP), ice water path (IWP), water vapor (WV), and rain rate (RR) all diminish along the
radial direction and are significantly larger at the mature stage. The average value of MSE at
the developing stage is larger than that at the decaying stage. 相似文献
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猛犸象属古脊椎动物,其现存的猛犸牙多呈半化石状态。采用SEM,FTIR等分析测试仪器对猛犸牙和象牙的微生长结构、胶原蛋白等差异特征进行了研究。结果表明,象牙和猛犸牙主要由胶原蛋白和羟基磷酸钙组成,由胶原蛋白酰胺键致特征的红外吸收谱带分别位于1 663 cm-1（νC-O）,1 558 cm-1（νC-H）和1 240 cm-1（δN-H）处。石化作用导致胶原蛋白酰胺键受到不同程度的破坏,致使猛犸牙中胶原蛋白的红外吸收谱带强度递减。象牙与猛犸牙指向牙心的两组粗勒兹纹理的夹角存在着明显的差异,前者的最大夹角〉120°,后者的最大夹角〈95°。象牙的粗勒兹纹层具纤束状交织结构,结构致密、坚韧、细腻;猛犸牙的粗勒兹纹层多具叶片状结构,胶原蛋白纤束体数量明显减少,结构疏松,质地干涩,孔隙度增大,微裂隙发育,韧性变差。 相似文献
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