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光照时间和水温对浮游植物生长影响的初步剖析——以胶州湾为例 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
能语言是一般描述系统的一种方法 ,因为所有现象都伴随着能的转化［６］。整个世界生态系统的功能几乎毫无例外地取决于海洋植物光合作用固定的能量。其中 ,最大量的能量是由生活在海洋有光照的表层水中的微小浮游植物固定的［８］。因此 ,作者以胶州湾为例 ,尝试考虑太阳的热能给水体的能量输入及对水体生态系统浮游植物的生长过程的影响 ,认为光不仅是浮游植物的光合作用的能源而且是水体贮藏热能来提高水温的来源。本文用模型框图进行分解讨论光照时间、水温对浮游植物生长的影响过程 ,以阐释胶州湾光照时间、水温影响初级生产力时空变化… 相似文献
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营养盐限制的唯一性因子探究 总被引：38，自引：3，他引：38
１营养盐限制因子的热点海洋中的几种元素 ,最引人关注的营养盐Ｎ ,Ｐ ,Ｓｉ和Ｆｅ对浮游植物生长是非常重要的 ,就象陆地上给植物施肥一样 ,营养盐限制浮游植物光合作用 ,在一些海域加了Ｎ ,Ｐ ,Ｓｉ,Ｆｅ,浮游植物生长就会旺盛、迅速。因此 ,这些营养盐对海域中浮游植物的生长起着重要的限制作用。营养盐Ｎ ,Ｐ ,Ｓｉ,Ｆｅ从海上的大气层、海底的上升流以及从陆地的河流中提供 ,从而决定了在海洋表面新的有机物质生产的速率 ［８］。这样 ,希望减少大气的ＣＯ ２,促进浮游植物的生长。增加限制营养盐的更大有用性是提高了海洋表面的初级生… 相似文献
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The phytoplankton reproduction capacity (PRC), as a new concept regarding chlorophyll-a and primary production (PP) is described. PRC is different from PP, carbon assimilation number (CAN) or photosynthetic rate ( P^B ) . PRC quantifies phytoplankton growth with a special consideration of the effect of seawater temperature. Observation data in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China, collected from May 1991 to February 1994 were used to analyze the horizontal distribution and seasonal variation of the PRC in Jiaozhou Bay in order to determine the characteristics, dynamic cycles and trends of phytoplankton growth in Jiaozhou Bay; and to develop a corresponding dynamic model of seawater temperature vs. PRC. Simulation curves showed that seawater temperature has a dual function of limiting and enhancing PRC. PRC‘s periodicity and fluctuation are similar to those of the seawater temperature. Nutrient silicon in Jiaozhou Bay satisfies phytoplankton growth from June 7 to November 3. When nutrients N, P and Si satisfy the phytoplankton growth and solar irradiation is sufficient, the PRC would reflect the influence of seawater temperature on phytoplankton growth. Moreover, the result quantitatively explains the scenario of one-peak or two-peak phytoplankton reproduction in Jiaozhou Bay, and also quantitatively elucidates the internal mechanism of the one- or two-peak phytoplankton reproduction in the global marine areas. 相似文献
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Examination of Daytime Length''''s Influence on Phytoplankton Growth in Jiaozhou Bay, China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1 INTRODUCTIONSystematicstudyisusefulforhumanvisualizationandcomprehensionofanetworkofcomplicatedcompo nentsandprocessesinvolvingfrequentenergyflow ,consideringenergyasthebasisofbothstructureandprocess (Automa ,1 993) .Energylanguageisaconceptfordepictingasysteminwhichallphenomenaareac companiedbyenergytransformation .Thefunctionoftheecosystemovertheworlddependsontheenergyfixationbymarineplantphotosynthesis ,mostofthemarefixedbymicrophytoplanktonnearseasurfaceexposedtosunlight (Niebaken … 相似文献
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Jiaozhou Bay data collected from May 1991 to February 1994, in 12 seasonal investigations, and provided the authors by the Ecological Station of Jiaozhou B ay, were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal variations in temperature, light, nutrients (NO-3-N, NO-2-N, NH+4-N, SiO2-3-Si, PO3-4-P), phytoplankton, and primary production in Jiaozhou Bay. The results indicated that only silicate correlated well in time and space with, and had important effects on, the characteristics, dynamic cycles and trends of, primary production in Jiaozhou Bay. The authors developed a corresponding dynamic model of primary production and silicate and water temperature. Eq.(1) of the model shows that the primary production variation is controlled by the nutrient Si and affected by water temp erature; that the main factor controlling the primary production is Si; that water temper ature affects the composition of the structure of phytoplankton assemblage; that the different populations of the phytoplankton assemblage occupy different ecologica l niches for C, the apparent ratio of conversion of silicate in seawater into phytoplankton biomas and D, the coefficient of water temperature's effect on phytoplankton biomass. The authors researched the silicon source of Jiaozhou Bay , the biogeochemical sediment process of the silicon, the phytoplankton predominan t species and the phytoplankton structure. The authors considered silicate a limit ing factor of primary production in Jiaozhou Bay, whose decreasing concentration of silicate from terrestrial source is supposedly due to dilution by current and up take by phytoplankton; quantified the silicate assimilated by phytoplankton, the intrins ic ratio of conversion of silicon into phytoplankton biomass, the proportion of silicate uptaken by phytoplankton and diluted by current; and found that the primary production of the phytoplankton is determined by the quantity of the silicate assimilated by them. The phenomenon of apparently high plant-nutrient concentrations but low phytoplankton biomass in some waters is reasonably explained in this paper. 相似文献
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基于特征比值的原油中PAHs标志物风化规律研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以渤海某原油作为研究对象进行综合模拟风化实验, 探讨了原油中五类PAHs组分的风化规律并筛选出其中稳定的诊断比值。结果表明: 经过50d风化, 原油中PAHs的分布已经发生了较大的改变, 其中萘系类损失最为严重, 菲系列所占的比例有所提高, 二苯并噻吩、屈、芴系列则保持相对稳定, 这为进一步筛选用于溢油来源鉴别的新诊断比值参数提供了一定依据; 经风化检验, 现有常用6种PAHs诊断比值在风化50d后较稳定, 可用于风化溢油的鉴别; 所选取新诊断比值中, 菲和屈系列、烷基取代二苯并噻吩类、烷基取代芴类抗风化能力较强, 共筛选出34种诊断比值可作为溢油鉴别的有效指标。 相似文献
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根据1982-04、06、07和10月胶州湾水域调查资料,探讨和研究胶州湾重金属Hg的水质、平面分布、垂直分布、季节变化以及来源.结果表明：Hg在胶州湾水体中的质量浓度范围为：0.006～0.049 μg/L,在胶州湾整个水域,没有受到Hg的污染.在胶州湾西南沿岸水域,地表径流直接输送Hg入海,其质量浓度都非常低;在胶州湾东部沿岸水域,河流输送Hg入海,其质量浓度相对较高.Hg的表、底层水平分布证实了Hg的水域迁移过程和水域迁移机制.Hg质量浓度的垂直分布展示了胶州湾表层水质受到陆地地表径流输送Hg的影响,而胶州湾底层水质受到累计沉降的效应.通过胶州湾Hg的时空分布,发现控制Hg的排放得到实施,输入胶州湾水域的Hg大为减少. 相似文献
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根据1980-06,1980-07,1980-09,1980-10的胶州湾水域调查资料,通过石油烃(PHC)在胶州湾水域的质量浓度变化、表、底层水平分布、垂直分布和季节变化的分析,研究结果表明:在胶州湾水体中,PHC的质量浓度达到了三类海水水质标准的水域有:6和9月份,在整个湾内的水域;7月份,在海泊河、李村河、娄山河和大沽河的入海口以及他们之间的近岸水域;10月份,在海泊河、李村河和娄山河的入海口水域及其他们之间的近岸水域。除了上述水域外,在湾内的其它水域,PHC的质量浓度达到了二类海水水质标准。在空间和时间尺度上表明,胶州湾东部和东北部的海泊河、李村河和娄山河,还有北部的大沽河,都是胶州湾PHC污染的主要来源。通过PHC的陆地迁移过程,展示了从湾的东部、东北部和北部近岸水域到湾的其他水域包括湾中心、湾口和湾外,PHC的质量浓度从大到小的下降趋势。通过PHC的水域迁移过程,展示了PHC表层质量浓度迅速下降的过程及结果。通过表层PHC的水平分布和质量浓度变化,进一步说明了河流对PHC的大量输送和表层PHC质量浓度的迅速下降。于是,在胶州湾水体中,PHC表、底层质量浓度没有明显的季节变化,PHC质量浓度完全依赖于河流对PHC的大量输送。同时将河流输送的强度分为4个阶段,展示了河流输送PHC质量浓度的强度变化过程。 相似文献
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文章根据地球生态系统的功能,剖析地球发生的现象。研究发现,地球大气的碳平衡、地球的硅元素输送、地球自转的平衡,揭示了地球生态系统具有难以想象的精准性和其超强的控制能力,而且能够充分保持动态平衡和可持续发展。 相似文献