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We deployed two ADCP mooring systems west of the Luzon Strait in August 2008, and measured the upper ocean currents at high
frequency. Two typhoons passed over the moorings during approximately one-month observation period. Using ADCP observations,
satellite wind and heat flux measurements, and high-resolution model assimilation products, we studied the response of the
upper ocean to typhoons. The first typhoon, Nuri, passed over one of the moorings, resulting in strong Ekman divergence and
significant surface cooling. The cooling of surface water lagged the typhoon wind forcing about one day and lasted about five
days. The second typhoon, Sinlaku, moved northward east of the Luzon Strait, and did not directly impact currents near the
observation regions. Sinlaku increased anomalous surface water transport exchange across the Luzon Strait, which modulated
the surface layer current of the Kuroshio. 相似文献
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厄尔尼诺衰减年东亚夏季大气环流和降水异常的耦合模式后报试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室(LASG)新一代耦合气候模式(FGOALS)进行了气候异常季节后报试验,通过对1982—2005年7个个例的分析,探讨了厄尔尼诺衰减年夏季东亚大气环流和降水异常发生的物理机制。分析结果表明:FGOALS可以模拟出厄尔尼诺衰减年夏季相关气候场的异常态特征,表现为在西北太平洋为负海温异常,在热带印度洋为正海温异常,从而导致西北太平洋地区大气中低层异常反气旋环流的维持,其反气旋的西南部及西部的偏南及西南气流造成中国长江中下游地区降水的异常增多。在提前3—9个月的预测模拟中,模式可以模拟出气候场的异常演变,随着预测时间的延长,产生局地耦合的西北太平洋海表温度异常信号变弱,使得模拟出的西北太平洋反气旋异常偏弱、中心东移,从而导致影响东亚降水的气候场的异常变弱,降水异常区偏东。模拟结果也揭示出,西北太平洋海表温度负异常是厄尔尼诺异常信号的转换模态,并且,由于局地海-气相互作用,热带海温异常信号可以持续到第2年夏季,从而引起东亚大气环流和降水异常。对于东亚降水的季节预测出现误差可能是模式对ENSO的模拟偏差造成的,随着预测时间延长,模式模拟的厄尔尼诺信号偏弱,这将使得海表温度异常偏弱,同时相关物理场的异常响应也减弱。 相似文献
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The Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model-gamil (FGOALS-g) was used to study the spring prediction barrier (SPB) in an ensemble system. This coupled model was developed and maintained at the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG). There are two steps in our hindcast experiments. The first is to integrate the coupled model continuously with sea surface temperature (SST) nudging, from 1971 to 2006. The second is to carry out a series of one-year hindcasts without SST nudging, by adopting initial values from the first step on January 1 st , April 1st , July 1st , and October 1st , from 1982 to 2005. We generate 10 ensemble members for a particular start date (1st ) by choosing different atmospheric and land conditions around the hindcast start date (1st through 10th ). To estimate the predicted SST, two methods are used: (1) Anomaly Correlation Coefficient and its rate of decrease; and (2) Talagrand distribution and its standard deviation. Results show that FGOALS-g offers a reliable ensemble system with realistic initial atmospheric and oceanic conditions, and high anomaly correlation (>0.5) within 6 month lead time. Further, the ensemble approach is effective, in that the anomaly correlation of ensemble mean is much higher than that of most individual ensemble members. The SPB exists in the FGOALS-g ensemble system, as shown by anomaly correlation and equal likelihood. Nevertheless, the role of the ensemble mean in reducing the SPB of ENSO prediction is significant. The rate of decrease of the ensemble mean is smaller than the largest deviations by 0.04-0.14. At the same time, the ensemble system "equal likelihood" declines during spring. An ensemble mean helps give a correct prediction direction, departing from largely-deviated ensemble members. 相似文献
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针对半球月平均位势高度场球函数分析的实际问题,分析比较了吴新元提出的数值积分公式与常用的梯形积分公式、辛卜生积分公式在标准化缔合勒让德函数^↑Pm^m＋2k模、交角计算中的误差。结果表明：对m=0,1,吴新元数值积分公式的^↑Pm^m＋2k模、交角计算精度明显高于常用的两种积分公式;对m≥2,吴新元数值积分公式的精度虽低于梯形积分公式,但其模、交角误差低于10^-4、2×10^-3°。由于半球月平均位势高度场球函数方差谱具有低维、低阶的基本特征,故用吴新元数值积分公式替代常用积分公式可明显提高月平均位势高度场球函数分析精度。 相似文献
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闭合气压系统环流指数的定义及计算 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
定义了球面上单个气压系统的面积S、强度P、中心位置(λc,φc)3种环流指数;结合NCEP/NCAR月平均气压(位势高度)场资料,给出了它们的计算方法.实际计算了历年逐月500 hPa北半球极涡的上述环流指数,求得它们的逐月多年平均(气候)值.初步分析表明,它们能简洁定量地描述北半球极涡的季节变化和年际异常特征.S、P、(λc,φc)的定义和算法,也适用于极涡以外的其他闭合气压系统或球面上其他要素场中的闭合系统. 相似文献
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基于1993—2019年海面高度异常数据分析了南澳大利亚海盆表层涡动能的时空变化特征。结果表明，表层涡动能在空间上存在两个高值区，分别位于海盆的西部和东部；在季节尺度上表现为南半球的冬季强，秋季弱，最大值出现在7月(57±9 cm2/s2),最小值出现在3月(40±5 cm2/s2)。涡动能在年际尺度上与ENSO呈显著负相关关系，即在厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)衰退年，涡动能显著减弱(增强),滞后Ni1o3.4指数9个月；与SAM呈显著正相关关系，滞后SAM指数14个月，即在SAM正(负)位相的次年，涡动能显著增强(减弱)。 相似文献
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