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基于1958—2018年中国北方冬小麦主产区8个主产省（市）小麦蚜虫发生面积、防治面积和小麦播种面积、产量损失、561个气象站点逐日气象资料和典型农业气象站小麦发育期资料,采用相关分析、主成分分析和回归分析等方法,构建华北、黄淮及苏皖地区小麦蚜虫分区域的气候致灾指数。以小麦蚜虫年代际气候致灾指数所划分不同致灾等级发生频次作为小麦蚜虫气候危险性指标,采用小麦蚜虫发生面积率作为脆弱性指标,防治面积与发生面积比值作为防灾减灾能力指标,综合评估小麦蚜虫气候风险趋势。结果表明:北方冬小麦主产区小麦蚜虫气候危险性呈增加态势,年代际差异明显;小麦蚜虫发生脆弱性随年代变化也呈逐步加重态势;小麦蚜虫防灾减灾能力总体呈逐步增强趋势,20世纪90年代提升显著;90年代起小麦蚜虫气候风险逐步加重,高风险范围逐渐扩大,华北、黄淮分别于21世纪初、2011—2018年风险等级达最高;小麦蚜虫气候风险高的区域主要分布在北京、天津、河北中南部大部、山东北部部分地区,较高区域分布在山东大部、河南北部等地。 相似文献
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With the aim to examine variations in the migration phenology and population of N. lugens along with the advance/retreat of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) and lay the foundation for further study on predicting the timing and location of N. lugens outbreak, correlation analysis and spatial analysis were applied for estimating the impact of the ASM and its related meteorological factors on the migration phenology and population of N. lugens in China in this paper. The ASM had a positive effect on the occurrence and outbreak of N. lugens. First, the first appearance date of N.lugens was consistent with seasonal advances of the northernmost location of the ASM, and the ASM provided the dynamic condition for the northward migration of N. lugens. Second, outbreak of N. lugens occurred in the area under the control of the ASM, and the ASM provided the survival condition for the population of N. lugens. Third, the population was positively related to the northernmost location of the ASM, θ_E(850 hPa) and wind speed(850 hPa).Particularly, the stronger southwest wind caused the date of the first, peak and last catches of N. lugens to turn up earlier than in the extremely years. 相似文献
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