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By using the hourly data from surface meteorological stations in China, the 3-hour precipitation data from
CRA-Interim (Chinese Reanalysis-Interim), ERA5 (ECMWF Reanalysis 5) and JRA-55 (Japanese Reanalysis-55) are
compared, both on the spatial-temporal distributions and on bias with observation precipitation in China. The results
show that: (1) The three sets of reanalysis datasets can all reflect the basic spatial distribution characteristics of annual
average precipitation in China. The simulation of topographic forced precipitation in complex terrain by CRA-interim is
more detailed, while CRA-interim has larger negative bias in central and East China, and larger positive bias in
southwest China. (2) In terms of seasonal precipitation, the three sets of reanalysis datasets overestimate the precipitation
in the heavy rainfall zone of spring and summer, especially in southwest China. CRA interim’s location of the rain belt
in the First Rainy Season in South China is west by south, the summer precipitation has positive bias in southwest and
South China. (3) All of the reanalysis datasets can basically reflect the distribution difference of inter-annual variation of
drought and flood, but the overall the CRA-Interim generally shows negative bias, while the ERA5 and JRA-55 exhibit
positive bias. (4) For the diurnal variation of precipitation in summer, all the reanalysis datasets perform better in
simulating the daytime precipitation than in the night, and bias of CRA-interim is less in southeast and northeast than
elsewhere. (5) ERA5 generally performs the best on the evaluation of quantitative precipitation forecast, the JRA-55 is
the next, followed by the CRA-Interim. CRA-Interim has higher missing rate and lower threat score for heavy rains;
however, at the level of downpour, the CRA-Interim performs slightly better. 相似文献
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通过对历史上天气信息在大众传媒上刊播形式和内容的考察,回顾了大众传媒刊播天气信息的起源和发展,并从传播内容、表达方式、传播媒介等方面,将大众传播刊载天气信息的历史进程划分为四个阶段.研究表明,这一历史进程中天气信息的报道量和报道频率显著增加,报道内容的侧重点从“天气新闻”到“天气报告”再到“天气预报”,报道风格经历了多... 相似文献
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伴随高分辨率数值预报、集合预报和人工智能等关键技术的发展,现代气象预报业务已进入精细化、无缝隙、数字化的智能网格预报时代。为提升广大预报员对数值预报的应用水平,提高预报服务综合效果,从精细化网格预报业务发展对预报员能力素养的新要求和预报员能力现状两方面开展数值预报应用的培训需求研究。结果显示,预报员在综合运用多源资料提升精细化数值预报应用水平方面具有迫切培训需求,在培训数值预报技术进展、产品特点、应用方法的基础上,培训需求呈现出向研究型业务和针对性服务发展的趋势。从数值预报应用培训的内容来看,最大培训需求集中在数值预报新技术原理、产品精细化评估和订正、多源资料综合应用策略三个方面。对预报员分层次进行分析,显示新预报员需求较广泛,相对侧重数值预报基础应用,骨干预报员侧重预报产品评估和订正方法等实用技术,首席预报员相对侧重研究性。最后对开发面向预报员的分层分类数值预报应用培训课程提出了建议,为教学策划和课程设计提供参考。 相似文献
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教案编写是气象教育培训工作的重要部分,也是教育培训人员的岗位必备素质。针对气象继续教育这种高科技、高层次行业继续教育,提出了教案在教学活动组织、教师能力培养中的重要作用,并论述了教案的基本要素和一般结构,总结了教案编写中存在的问题,并提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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