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Based on the three-pattern decomposition of global atmospheric circulation(TPDGAC), this study investigates the double-layer structure of the Hadley circulation(HC) and its interdecadal evolution characteristics by using monthly horizontal wind field from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1948—2011. The following major conclusions are drawn: First, the double-layer structure of the HC is an objective fact, and it constantly exists in April,May, June, October and November in the Southern Hemisphere. Second, the double-layer structure is more obvious in the Southern than in the Northern Hemisphere. Since the double-layer structure is sloped in the vertical direction, it should be taken into consideration when analyzing the variations of the strength and location of the center of the HC.Third, the strength of the double-layer structure of the HC in the Southern Hemisphere consistently exhibits decadal variations with a strong, weak and strong pattern in all five months(April, May, June, October, and November), with cycles of 20-30 a and 40-60 a. Fourth, the center of the HC(mean position of the double-layer structure) in the Southern Hemisphere consistently and remarkably shifts southward in all the five months. The net poleward shifts over the 64 years are 5.18°, 2.11°, 2.50°, 1.79° and 5.76° for the five respective months, with a mean shift of 3.47°. 相似文献
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利用菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)进行重金属污染土壤修复会产生大量秸秆废弃物,通过厌氧消化将其转化为沼气,是其资源化利用途径之一。为了评估该处置技术的环境风险,实验以重金属污染土壤种植的菊芋茎秆为对象开展厌氧消化研究,对其产气性能、重金属形态变化、可迁移能力及生物有效性进行评估。结果表明,菊芋秸秆中茎主要重金属(Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd)含量为5.69×10-6,19.19×10-6,0.23×10-6,0.33×10-6,0.50×10-6,叶中的含量分别为9.11×10-6,23.83×10-6,0.57×10-6,0.43×10-6,0.48×10-6相对与根与块茎较较高;菊芋秸秆厌氧发酵总产气量为206.58 ml·g-1 TS,显示产气潜力良好;厌氧消化后,Cu,Pb和Cr的重金属可迁徙因子值低,相对比较稳定,迁移能力较弱。Cr和Cd的生物可利用度减小,其中Cr大幅度减小了41.54%,Cd减小了12.30%,说明厌氧消化能有效降低Cr和Cd的生物可利用度,减小对环境的危害。但Pb的生物有效性大幅度上升,应在沼渣管控环节关注。 相似文献
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利用1948—2011年NCEP/NCAR月平均水平风场资料,采用全球大气环流的三型分解等方法,研究了Hadley环流的双层结构及其年代际演变特征。结果表明：(1) Hadley环流双层结构客观存在,且4、5、6、10、11月南半球Hadley环流双层结构长期存在;(2) 南半球Hadley环流双层结构较北半球更加明显,双层结构在垂直方向上呈现倾斜状,对Hadley环流强度和中心位置的变化进行研究时,应考虑双层结构的影响;(3) 4、5、6、10、11月南半球Hadley环流强度随时间都呈现强-弱-强的年代际演变特征,各个月份环流强度都存在20~30年和40~60年时间尺度的周期;(4) 4、5、6、10、11月南半球环流中心位置(双层结构平均位置)随时间一致地表现为向南移动,各个月份环流中心分别向南移动了5.18 °、2.11 °、2.50 °、1.79 °、5.76 °,平均向南移动了3.47 °。 相似文献
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