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This paper investigates processing of fast-response data and corrections of turbulent fluxes obtained by using eddy covariance method based on data collected at an offshore observation tower during three Cold-intrusion(CI)events in the South China Sea in 2010. This study presents the data processing procedure in detail and compares frictional velocities(u*), sensible heat fluxes(H) and latent heat fluxes(LE) yielded by using different averaging periods and different coordinate rotation methods; evaluates the sonic temperature correction for sensible heat flux and the Webb correction for latent heat flux as a function of 10 m wind speed(u10) during the CIs. The results show(1) that the different averaging periods of 30 min and 10 min cause biases of u*(H, LE) within 5%(15%, 62%). The values of u*(H,LE) averaged from 30 mins are mostly larger than those averaged from 10 mins. We suggest that the averaging period of 10 min is not sufficiently long to capture all scale eddies and recommend 30 min averaging period in calculating turbulent fluxes using eddy covariance method during CIs;(2) that the values of u*(H, LE) obtained from double rotation(DR2) and those obtained from planar fit rotation(PF) have good agreements and correlation coefficients between them are larger than 0.99. Because PF method requires unchanged environment and it is easier to apply DR2 method, we suggest DR2 coordinate rotation method in processing fast-response data; and(3) that the median values of frictional velocity(sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) binned according to 2 m s~(-1) intervals of u_(10) increase(decrease,increase) by less than 9%(4%, 10%) by Coriolis corrections(sonic temperature corrections, Webb corrections), which decreases(decreases, increases) with increasing u10 when u10 are 5-17 m s~(-1). 相似文献
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一、地质灾害经济在地质灾害研究中的地位地质灾害,是由与地质条件有关的作用引起的一类自然灾害.从建立完整的学科体系考虑,地质灾害的研究,可归纳为三个部分;1.地质灾害基础理论研究.2.地质灾害防治技术研究.3.地质灾害经济研究.本文仅探讨地质灾害经济研究. 相似文献
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根据2012—2019年雷州半岛110个自动气象站的资料，统计分析了雷暴大风(风力≥17.2 m/s)的时空分布特征，结果表明：雷州半岛雷暴大风主要发生在3至6月，全年呈双峰型分布，其中5和8月各是1个峰值；具有日强夜弱特征，白天主要发生在午后。雷暴大风主要集中在雷州半岛东部和南部沿海，其中3—6月高值区集中在中北部和南部，7—10月高值区位于南部和东部。雷暴大风关键环境参数中值分别为大气可降水量55.9 mm、对流有效位能2 555.8 J/kg、下沉有效位能689 J/kg、K指数37℃、潜在下冲气流指数1.4,特征表现较为明显；但垂直风切变整体表现偏弱，0～6 km垂直风切变6.7 m/s。雷暴大风天气背景主要可归纳为3类：槽前切变型和副高边缘南风型、东风扰动型，占比分别为54%、24%和21%。对比发现，槽前切变型环境参数整体差异较为明显，其中CAPE、风暴承载层平均风速在3种天气背景下差异更为显著。 相似文献
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