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利用黑龙江省漠河国家基准站1958—2013年地面观测资料,对漠河县近56a冰雾日数变化的特征和冰雾形成的影响因子进行了分析总结。得出：（1）漠河多年平均冰雾日数为16.3d,出现最多的月份是12月和1月。（2）近56a冰雾日数平均每10a减少了1.9d,且与日最低气温≤-40℃日数密切相关;（3）冰雾出现条件是：气温在≤-40℃,温度露点差为4.0～6.6℃,冰面饱和水汽压为0.1h Pa,相对湿度为55%～65%,静风或微风。漠河每年冬季都有冰雾现象,是当地最为严重的灾害性天气,通过对漠河冰雾现象的分析,为今后高寒、高纬度地区冰雾天气预报和防寒减灾提供重要的依据。 相似文献
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大兴安岭地处高纬度地区,农业生产对无霜期的依赖性很大,初霜早晚直接影响农业生产,对初霜的分析与预测具有非常重要的意义。本文利用1997-2021年大兴安岭地区7个国家站资料,采用气候统计方法,分析初霜日时空分布、变化特征;用天气学原理方法对2021年高、低空实况图、EC细网格预报图的分析,总结气象要素阈值,预测初霜;用Mann-Kendall方法对大兴安岭地区初霜日进行检验。结果表明:2021年大兴安岭地区平均初霜日在9月18日,比历年平均初霜日偏晚7 d,其中漠河站偏晚14 d,北极村站只偏晚1 d。大兴安岭北部地区比南部地区初霜日偏早,非沿江地区比沿江地区初霜日偏早;14时气温和露点温度、EC细网格地表温度、2 m露点温度、24 h变温、零度层高度预报图,对预报未来24 h、48 h初霜冻有很好的指示意义;大兴安岭地区1997-2020年初霜日突变时间在2012年,初霜日突变后较突变前平均推迟了5 d。 相似文献
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黑龙江省初霜冻变化特征研究及预测方法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用黑龙江省1961-2013年地面测站62站资料和月环流特征量、北半球500 hPa高度场等资料,采用气候统计方法,选取秋季地面最低温度≤ 0℃的初日作为初霜冻日期,分析了初霜冻日期的时空变化特点,北半球500 hPa月平均环流演变特征,影响初霜冻早晚的特征量因子,为初霜冻趋势预测提供依据。结果表明：黑龙江省初霜冻日期呈现显著推迟的趋势,推迟约8.2 d,平均推迟5 d以上的年份均在1988年以后出现;平均初霜冻日期分布是由北开始出现并向南推进,平原则普遍晚于同纬度的山区,EOF分析初霜冻的发生除具有一致性气候特征外,还具有南北相反和东西相反的变化趋势;初霜冻偏早年时,北半球500 hPa环流从前期到同期在黑龙江省北部至极地区域有大范围的负距平,反之,若是正距平,初霜冻易偏晚;影响初霜冻早晚的特征量的因子有欧亚（亚洲）经向环流型、鄂霍茨克海高压、阿留申低压、东亚大槽强度以及西太平洋副热带高压、极涡、AO等。 相似文献
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Extremely cold weather has an important influence on winter production and life in the Greater Khingan Mountains region. This paper uses the daily minimum temperature data of ground observation stations during extreme cold weather from 1974 to 2021 in the Greater Khingan Mountains region, monthly circulation index data, the spatial distribution and temporal variation characteristics of extreme cold days and extreme minimum temperature were analyzed by climate statistical method; The abrupt changes and periods of extreme cold days and extreme minimum temperature were tested by Mann-Kendall method and Morlet wavelet analysis; calculating the recurrence period of extreme minimum temperature by empirical frequency method; correlation method was used to analyze the circulation factors which had significant influence on the number of extremely cold days. The results are followed: (1) The spatial distribution of extreme cold days in the Greater Khingan Mountains region was not uniform, and gradually decreasing from northwest to south. The extreme cold days was at most 717 d in Huzhong, and at least 29 d in Gagadaki, the extreme cold days in the whole region mutated in 1979, and the average annual extreme cold days decreased 14.2 d after the mutation compared with that before the mutation, and the annual extremely cold days have a significant cycle of 2 to 4 years. (2) The extreme minimum temperature in the whole region mutated in 1990, before the mutation the extreme minimum temperature was low and after the mutation began to rise, the significant cycle of annual extreme minimum temperature was 4 to 5 years, the extreme lowest temperature was -49.6 ℃ in Mohe, followed by -49.2 ℃ in Huzhong; the extreme lowest temperature occurs once every 2 years, once every 5 years and once every 10 years in Huzhong, while the extreme lowest temperature occurs once in 20 years, once in 50 years and once in 100 years in Mohe. (3) SCAND teleconnection patterm has a good correlation with extreme cold days in winter(January, February and December)in the Greater Khingan Mountains region. Positive growth of the circulation mode, it has great influence on the extreme cold weather in winter in the Greater Khingan Mountains region. © 2022 Science Press (China). 相似文献
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