A GIS based planning support system for assessing financial feasibility of urban redevelopment     

Simone Z. Leao  Laurence Troy  Scott N. Lieske  Bill Randolph  Chris Pettit 《GeoJournal》2018,83(6):1373-1392

Urban densification trends combined with redevelopment increasingly moving away from large former industrial and transport sites toward existing town centres and corridors indicate redevelopment is becoming increasingly complex, difficult to plan for and undertake. The interplay between land and property markets and planning frameworks suggest city planners and urban researchers need new tools and methodologies to gain insights into ways to deliver effective responses. Despite the need, there is a limited availability of comprehensive models to fulfil the task. This paper describes a GIS-based tool to assess parcel-level financial feasibility and housing supply associated with urban redevelopment within a precinct. The tool incorporates existing and potential built form and parameters associated with the planning framework and land and property markets. Using a real case study in a workshop, tool performance was evaluated by professional urban planners in terms of its capacity to produce metrics and visualisations of potential scenarios of redevelopment. Results indicate the usefulness of the tool for emulating land market conditions and testing scenarios of planning regulation and market changes for strategic planning purposes.  相似文献   

Quantifying flows along hydrological pathways by applying a new filtering algorithm in conjunction with master recession curve analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Ronan J. O'Brien  Bruce D. Misstear  Laurence W. Gill  Paul M. Johnston  Raymond Flynn 《水文研究》2014,28(26):6211-6221

Quantifying the proportion of the river hydrograph derived from the different hydrological pathways is essential for understanding the behaviour of a catchment. This paper describes a new approach using the output from master recession curve analysis to inform a new algorithm based on the Lyne and Hollick ‘one‐parameter’ signal analysis filtering algorithm. This approach was applied to six catchments (including two subcatchments of these) in Ireland. The conceptual model for each catchment consists of four main flow pathways: overland flow, interflow, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. The results were compared with those of the master recession curve analysis, a recharge coefficient approach developed in Ireland and the semi‐distributed, lumped and deterministic hydrological model Nedbør‐Afstrømings‐Model. The new algorithm removes the ‘free variable’ aspect that is typically associated with filtering algorithms and provides a means of estimating the contribution of each pathway that is consistent with the results of hydrograph separation in catchments that are dominated by quick response pathways. These types of catchments are underlain by poorly productive aquifers that are not capable of providing large baseflows in the river. Such aquifers underlie over 73% of Ireland, ensuring that this new algorithm is applicable in the majority of catchments in Ireland and potentially in those catchments internationally that are strongly influenced by the quick‐responding hydrological pathways. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Best practices for the use of meteorite names in publications     

Philipp R. Heck  Christopher Herd  Jeffrey N. Grossman  Dmitry Badjukov  Audrey Bouvier  Emma Bullock  Hasnaa Chennaoui‐Aoudjehane  Vinciane Debaille  Tasha L. Dunn  Denton S. Ebel  Ludovic Ferrire  Laurence Garvie  Jrme Gattacceca  Matthieu Gounelle  Richard Herd  Trevor Ireland  Emmanuel Jacquet  Robert J. Macke  Tim McCoy  Francis M. McCubbin  Takashi Mikouchi  Knut Metzler  Mathieu Roskosz  Caroline Smith  Meenakshi Wadhwa  Linda Welzenbach‐Fries  Toru Yada  Akira Yamaguchi  Ryan A. Zeigler  Michael Zolensky 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2019,54(7):1397-1400

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Environmental changes over the past 25 000 years in the southern Middle Atlas,Morocco          下载免费PDF全文

Jalal Tabel  Carla Khater  Ali Rhoujjati  Laurent Dezileau  Ilham Bouimetarhan  Matthieu Carre  Laurence Vidal  Abdelfattah Benkaddour  Majda Nourelbait  Rachid Cheddadi 《第四纪科学杂志》2016,31(2):93-102

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A numerical study on the role of wind forcing,bottom topography,and nonhydrostacy in coastal upwelling     

Lide Jiang  Xiao-Hai Yan  Yu-Heng Tseng  Laurence C. Breaker 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

The responses of coastal upwelling to different magnitudes of wind stress over a narrow and a wide shelf are studied using a 3-D primitive equation numerical model. The results show that the position of the upwelling front depends on both the strength and the duration of the wind forcing. The comparison between different shelf widths shows that wide shelf will limit the cold water intrusion, so that the corresponding decrease in sea surface temperature is less compared to narrow shelves. Besides, the difference between hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic model results shows that nonhydrostatic effects will enhance the growth of surface meandering, and can be more pronounced near steep fronts. Although difference does exist, our results show that the nonhydrostatic effects are very small at least in this idealized study case.  相似文献   

Expression of the Early Toarcian negative carbon-isotope excursion in separated carbonate microfractions (Jurassic,Paris Basin)     

Michaël Hermoso  Laurence Le Callonnec  Fabrice Minoletti  Maurice Renard  Stephen P. Hesselbo 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2009,277(1-2):194-203

The causes of the pronounced negative excursion in carbon-isotope values that was recorded during the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) are still under debate, particularly with regard to the local versus global pattern of the excursion, and the extent to which recorded signals are under a diagenetic control. In this study we employ a novel microseparation technique in order to investigate the isotopic and mineralogical characteristics of different size fractions of the carbonate content from a Toarcian section recovered from the Sancerre–Couy borehole, southern Paris Basin. Beyond the recognition of a ? 6‰ δ¹³C excursion in the bulk carbonate content, our data also demonstrate that biogenic particles (such as coccoliths) and inorganic grains precipitated as early diagenetic phases (including dolomite) both record the excursion with the same magnitude. Although several black shales occur through the Paris Basin Toarcian section, it is only that associated with the onset of the OAE that coincides with a large negative carbon-isotope excursion. Taken together these observations indicate that during this event, the entire water column was characterized by homogeneous carbon-isotope values; such a pattern is incompatible with the idea that the negative excursion was generated simply through the upwelling of bottom waters enriched in re-mineralized organic carbon (cf. “the Küspert model”), since this would have required a strong vertical gradient in the water column. Additionally, the Paris Basin data show that the decrease in carbonate δ¹³C values during the OAE occurred in several discrete steps (each of some ? 2‰), as has previously been found for organic carbon substrates in other European sections. The stepped nature of the isotopic profile, which is part of a stratigraphic signature previously ascribed to Milankovitch forcing, is compatible with regular pulsed input of light carbon into the whole atmosphere–ocean system from a climatically sensitive source such as gas hydrate, or from thermal methanogenesis of organic-rich sediments in the Karoo–Ferrar large igneous province. Contrasts in the amplitude of the negative carbon-isotope excursion on a regional scale remain an important unexplained aspect of the Toarcian record.  相似文献   

Reproductive characteristics and steroid levels in the scleractinian coral Oculina patagonica inhabiting contaminated sites along the Israeli Mediterranean coast     

Armoza-Zvuloni R  Kramarsky-Winter E  Rosenfeld H  Shore LS  Segal R  Sharon D  Loya Y 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(8):1556-1563

In this study we compared reproductive characteristics and steroid hormone levels in the non-indigenous scleractinian coral, Oculina patagonica, inhabiting contaminated vs. uncontaminated reference sites along the Israeli Mediterranean coast. Our results indicate significantly higher steroid levels in both seawater and coral tissue samples from contaminated sites as compared to reference sites, suggesting that corals tend to accumulate steroids from the surrounding waters. Despite their higher steroid levels, corals from the contaminated sites showed reproductive potential comparable to those of the reference sites. Interestingly, a clear distinction could be seen between corals exposed to pollution for long vs. short durations, with the latter showing a failure to complete gametogenesis. This suggests that reproduction in O. patagonica is susceptible to acute rather than chronic stress. The involvement of adjustment/adaptation processes may explain this species tolerance, and may reflect the ability of O. patagonica to successfully invade new areas in the Mediterranean Sea.  相似文献   

Nonlinear influences on ocean waves observed by X-band radar     

Li-Chung Wu  Dong-Jiing Doong  Beng-Chun Lee  Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang  Chia Chuen Kao 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2008,29(1):43-50

The purpose of this study is to discuss the influence of signal nonlinearity upon X-band radar observations. A method for estimating the degree of nonlinearity by bispectral analysis was applied and discussed. We found that bispectral analyses from spatial radar backscatter series are similar to results obtained from water level time series. In addition, the average nonlinear degree from radar backscatter is related to wind speed. The accuracy of wave observations derived by consideration of the nonlinear effect from radar backscatter was also investigated. The estimated error in wave height from the radar data is also related to the degree of nonlinearity. In order to improve accuracy, the modulation transfer function method was applied in order to eliminate the influence of nonlinearity.  相似文献   

Nutrient flux into an intense deep chlorophyll layer in a mode-water eddy     

James R. Ledwell  Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr.  Laurence A. Anderson   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2008,55(10-13):1139

An intense deep chlorophyll layer in the Sargasso Sea was reported near the center of an anticyclonic mode-water eddy by McGillicuddy et al. [2007. Eddy–wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms, Science, accepted]. The high chlorophyll was associated with anomalously high concentrations of diatoms and with a maximum in the vertical profile of ¹⁴C primary productivity. Here we report tracer measurements of the vertical advection and turbulent diffusion of deep-water nutrients into this chlorophyll layer. Tracer released in the chlorophyll layer revealed upward motion relative to isopycnal surfaces of about 0.4 m/d, due to solar heating and mixing. The density surfaces themselves shoaled by about 0.1 m/d. The upward flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, averaged over 36 days, was approximately 0.6 mmol/m²/d due to both upwelling and mixing. This flux is about 40% of the basin wide, annually averaged, nitrogen flux required to drive the annual new production in the Sargasso Sea, estimated from the oxygen cycle in the euphotic zone, the oxygen demand below the euphotic zone, and from the ³He excess in the mixed layer. The observed upwelling of the fluid was consistent with theoretical models [Dewar, W.K., Flierl, G.R., 1987. Some effects of wind on rings. Journal of Physical Oceanography 17, 1653–1667; Martin, A.P., Richards, K.J., 2001. Mechanisms for vertical nutrient transport within a North Atlantic mesoscale eddy. Deep-Sea Research II 48, 757–773] in which eddy surface currents cause spatial variations in surface stress. The diapycnal diffusivity at the base of the euphotic zone was 3.5±0.5×10⁻⁵ m²/s. Diapycnal mixing was probably enhanced over more typical values by the series of storms passing over the eddy during the experiment and may have been enhanced further by the trapping of near-inertial waves generated within the eddy.  相似文献   

Multi-scale slope instabilities along the Nile deep-sea fan,Egyptian margin: A general overview     

Lies Loncke  Virginie Gaullier  Laurence Droz  Emmanuelle Ducassou  Sébastien Migeon  Jean Mascle 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009,26(5):633-646

The Nile deep-sea fan (NDSF), turbiditic system reaching a size of about 90,000 km², has been investigated since 1998 by several geophysical methods (multibeam bathymetry, backscatter imagery, seismic data, 3–5 kHz echo-sounding). The analysis of this important data set evidenced that the NDSF is the locus of numerous multi-scale slope instabilities. Three main types of instabilities have been defined, mainly on the basis of their size or origin. (1) First type of instabilities related to the generalized gravity spreading of the Plio-Quaternary deep-sea fan on Messinian salt layers. This global spreading is accommodated by numerous localized slides. (2) Second type of instabilities correspond to giant mass movements probably triggered either by earthquakes, fluids, or climate and eustatic oscillations. Finally, (3) third type of instabilities correspond either to localized levee liquefactions or to thin-skinned slides on the steep slopes of the Eratosthenes seamount. The deposits generated by these slope movements greatly participate in the building of the NDSF. The characterization of these different instabilities, in a petroleum province as the NDSF, has important implications in terms of risk assessments when considering drilling operations.  相似文献