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Magnetic and radiometric surveys were carried out over a felsic dominated rifted margin of Proterozoic volcanic terrain of a mobile belt in the eastern India. The studies were made in blocks I and II of 0.65 sq km and 0.70 sq km respectively over a previously identified conductor in the northern fringe of Dalma Volcanics (DVs). In general, both the blocks show high magnetic signature associated with sulfide mineralisation. The interpretation of magnetic data suggests that nature of the causative source is mainly horizontal cylinder in both the blocks. The depth to the top of the causative source is about 25 m in both the blocks and extends upto 60 m in block I and 40m in block II. Gamma count rate exhibits about a factor of two to three enhancements above the field background for both the blocks. The obtained iso-rad maps are similar to uranium and copper belt in the Singhbhum shear zone south of the study area. The anomalous radiometric signature of the residual soil/rock of the area indicates towards hydrothermal alteration. The detailed magnetic surveys and preliminary iso-rads results seems quite encouraging and may be attributed to VMS setting in the area and potential sulfide mineralisation with uranium mineral association in the DVs province.  相似文献   
2.
Direct information about climate change from meteorological surface air temperature records are available in India only since 1901 A.D. Meteorological surface air temperature (SAT) data for the period 1901–2006 from 49 sites in peninsular India have been combined with the geothermal data from 146 sites to extract a baseline (or pre-observational mean, POM) surface temperature prior to the existence of the observational record in the region. Periodicities of 5, 11 and 22 years in the SAT time series have little influence on the combined analysis to infer long-term climate change. The best estimate of the long-term average temperature for the 19th Century is 0.7 °C lower than the 1961–1990 mean temperature. Considering the additional warming of 0.38°C relative to the 1961–1990 mean over a 10-year window centred on the year 2000, the hybrid POM-SAT method suggests that the total surface warming in peninsular India from mid-1800s to early- 2000s is about 1.1 °C. The study provides new evidence for significant warming prior to the establishment of widespread meteorological stations in peninsular India.  相似文献   
3.
Greenstone belts are well known for gold occurrences at different regions of the world. The Dhanjori basin in the eastern Singhbhum region shows major characteristics of a rifted greenstone belt. Initially, we conducted 14 audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) measurements for a profile of \(\sim \)20 km in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 Hz over this rather complex geologic environment covering Dhanjori Volcanics (DhV) and Kolhan Group (KG). Subsequently, gravity and magnetic surveys were also conducted over this AMT profile. The purpose of the survey was to identify and map conductive features and to relate them to metallogeny of the area along with the mapping of the basement of Dhanjori basin. The strike analysis showed \(\hbox {N30}^{\circ }\hbox {W}\) strike for DhV for all the frequencies and for sites over KG domain in the frequency range of 100–10 Hz, but for KG domain, the obtained strike in 1 kHz to 100 Hz is \(\hbox {N45}^{\circ }\hbox {E}\). As the combination of transverse electric (TE), transverse magnetic (TM) and tipper (Tzy) can recover the electrical signature in complex geological environment, we discuss the conductivity model obtained from TE+TM+Tzy only. The inversion was carried for the regional profile with 14 sites and for 7 sites over KG domain. Conductivity model shows two well resolved conductors, one each in KG and Quartz Pebble Conglomerate Dhanjori (QPCD) domains respectively showing common linked concordant features between these regional and KG profiles. The conductors are interpreted as sulfide mineralization linked with QPCD group of rocks which may host gold. These conductors are also horizontally disposed due to the intrusive younger Mayurbhanj Granite. These intrusives correlate well with the gravity modeling as well. The thickness of the Dhanjori basin at the central is about 3.0 km, similar to that from gravity modeling. The conductivity model also indicates the presence of shallow conductors, but could not be resolved due to lack of high frequency data. However, the results from the close-by drill site indicate the presence of shallow sulfide mineralization hosting gold. The deep level conductors delineated from AMT studies are associated with gravity high and low magnetic. ICP-AES results of Dhanjori samples show significant concentration of gold \(\sim \)5.0 g/t, which is of economic consideration. Thus, it can be inferred that the conductors have evidences of sulfide mineralization which host gold.  相似文献   
4.
Dalma volcanics (DVs) has intruded the older Singhbhum Group of Metapelites. Despite DVs being rich in mineralisation, its boundaries are not clearly demarcated. Gravity and magnetic surveys have been attempted for mapping the boundaries in DVs. These surveys were made in the northern fringe of the DVs over an area of \(\sim \)0.70 \(\hbox {km}^{2}\) along 13 parallel lines at 50 m spacing. The data was acquired at \(\sim \)25 \(\hbox {m}\) spacing. The surveys were taken for determination of lithological boundaries, depths and nature of causative source using Euler depth solutions and radially averaged power spectrum (RAPS). Residual anomaly maps of gravity and magnetic intensity show the same trend as that of Bouguer gravity anomaly and total magnetic intensity anomaly map indicating towards shallow sources. The magnetic map in general follows the same pattern as that of gravity anomaly maps. The map shows coincident high gravity and magnetic anomalies. These anomalies together with resistivity signatures confirm that the northern fringe of DVs hosts volcanogenic massive sulphide settings. The Euler depth solution delineated the lateral boundaries and nature of the source. It seems that the source is of spherical nature lying within a depth range of 25–40 m. The obtained lithological (vertical) units from RAPS are between Lower DVs, Upper DVs and Singhbhum Group Metapelites at depths of \(\sim \)15, \(~\sim \)25 and \(\sim \)40 \(\hbox {m}\), respectively. The metallogeny is associated with the Upper DVs and the corresponding delineated lithological (vertical) unit is indicative of the top of the ore body. Good agreement is observed with the geological succession from the drilling data and resistivity data. The findings suggest that the northern fringe of DVs could be a preferred target for drilling.  相似文献   
5.
There is no meta‐heuristic approach best suited for solving all optimization problems making this field of study highly active. This results in enhancing current approaches and proposing new meta‐heuristic algorithms. Out of all meta‐heuristic algorithms, swarm intelligence is preferred as it can preserve information about the search space over the course of iterations and usually has fewer tuning parameters. Grey Wolves, considered as apex predators, motivated us to simulate Grey Wolves in the optimization of geophysical data sets. The grey wolf optimizer is a swarm‐based meta‐heuristic algorithm, inspired by mimicking the social leadership hierarchy and hunting behaviour of Grey Wolves. The leadership hierarchy is simulated by alpha, beta, delta and omega types of wolves. The three main phases of hunting, that is searching, encircling and attacking prey, is implemented to perform the optimization. To evaluate the efficacy of the grey wolf optimizer, we performed inversion on the total gradient of magnetic, gravity and self‐potential anomalies. The results have been compared with the particle swarm optimization technique. Global minimum for all the examples from grey wolf optimizer was obtained with seven wolves in a pack and 2000 iterations. Inversion was initially performed on thin dykes for noise‐free and noise‐corrupted (up to 20% random noise) synthetic data sets. The inversion on a single thin dyke was performed with a different search space. The results demonstrate that, compared with particle swarm optimization, the grey wolf optimizer is less sensitive to search space variations. Inversion of noise‐corrupted data shows that grey wolf optimizer has a better capability in handling noisy data as compared to particle swarm optimization. Practical applicability of the grey wolf optimizer has been demonstrated by adopting four profiles (i.e. surface magnetic, airborne magnetic, gravity and self‐potential) from the published literature. The grey wolf optimizer results show better data fit than the particle swarm optimizer results and match well with borehole data.  相似文献   
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7.
We present results from the resolution and sensitivity analysis of 1D DC resistivity and IP sounding data using a non-linear inversion. The inversion scheme uses a theoretically correct Metropolis–Gibbs' sampling technique and an approximate method using numerous models sampled by a global optimization algorithm called very fast simulated annealing (VFSA). VFSA has recently been found to be computationally efficient in several geophysical parameter estimation problems. Unlike conventional simulated annealing (SA), in VFSA the perturbations are generated from the model parameters according to a Cauchy-like distribution whose shape changes with each iteration. This results in an algorithm that converges much faster than a standard SA. In the course of finding the optimal solution, VFSA samples several models from the search space. All these models can be used to obtain estimates of uncertainty in the derived solution. This method makes no assumptions about the shape of an a posteriori probability density function in the model space. Here, we carry out a VFSA-based sensitivity analysis with several synthetic and field sounding data sets for resistivity and IP. The resolution capability of the VFSA algorithm as seen from the sensitivity analysis is satisfactory. The interpretation of VES and IP sounding data by VFSA, incorporating resolution, sensitivity and uncertainty of layer parameters, would generally be more useful than the conventional best-fit techniques.  相似文献   
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