四川省盐源县盐泉的特征与形成     

李娜  周训  郭娟  拓明明  徐艳秋 《现代地质》2020,34(1):177-188

研究天然盐泉的形成有助于揭示陆地水文循环过程中的物质迁移。采用水文地球化学的方法,分析四川省盐源县的9个泉水和卤水水样的水化学特征和同位素特征,探讨盐泉的溶质来源,总结盐泉的成因模式。水样可以分为TDS为311.69 g/L的Cl-Na型卤水、TDS为55.77~89.43 g/L的Cl-Na型盐泉、TDS为1.17 g/L的Cl-Na型微咸泉和TDS为0.26~0.56 g/L的以HCO₃-Ca、HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg型为主的淡水泉。泉水和卤水的氢氧同位素显示其来源于大气降水;水样的特征系数显示盐泉和卤水都属于溶滤型,且指示研究区基本不具有找钾前景。泉水的盐分主要来源于石盐、方解石、石膏和白云石等矿物的溶滤。盐泉的形成模式可以概括为:在山区获得大气降水入渗补给后,地下水经历较浅和较深的地下径流并且溶滤含盐地层或者盐矿,使其矿化度升高,在地形较低处汇集出露地表成泉。  相似文献   

水平分支注浆孔卡埋钻事故处理实践          下载免费PDF全文

石逊  刘江  李红梅  伍晓龙  王雷浩 《探矿工程》2020,47(9):33-38

近年来煤矿奥灰治水注浆定向钻进技术发展迅速，多分支超深水平注浆孔数量激增。在水平注浆孔施工过程中，普遍存在地层漏失量大，泥浆突然失返，小径钻孔裸孔段长，水平段孔眼轨迹复杂，控制难度大，靶点技术误差要求严，定向仪器、工具等价格昂贵，施工风险相对较高，极易发生埋钻卡钻事故。一旦发生卡钻事故，就会面临着处理周期长、处理难度大等问题，传统的卡埋钻处理方法在水平注浆孔中应用效果不明显。通过采用空压机输送压缩空气，破坏水平孔着床的沉砂结构，将着床的沉砂吹出孔外或吹入地层裂隙，成功地实现了解卡。总结了水平注浆孔施工中卡埋钻事故的预防措施。  相似文献   

Classifying GRB 170817A/GW170817 in a Fermi duration–hardness plane     

I. Horváth  B. G. Tóth  J. Hakkila  L. V. Tóth  L. G. Balázs  I. I. Rácz  S. Pintér  Z. Bagoly 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2018,363(3):53

GRB 170817A, associated with the LIGO-Virgo GW170817 neutron-star merger event, lacks the short duration and hard spectrum of a Short gamma-ray burst (GRB) expected from long-standing classification models. Correctly identifying the class to which this burst belongs requires comparison with other GRBs detected by the Fermi GBM. The aim of our analysis is to classify Fermi GRBs and to test whether or not GRB 170817A belongs—as suggested—to the Short GRB class. The Fermi GBM catalog provides a large database with many measured variables that can be used to explore gamma-ray burst classification. We use statistical techniques to look for clustering in a sample of 1298 gamma-ray bursts described by duration and spectral hardness. Classification of the detected bursts shows that GRB 170817A most likely belongs to the Intermediate, rather than the Short GRB class. We discuss this result in light of theoretical neutron-star merger models and existing GRB classification schemes. It appears that GRB classification schemes may not yet be linked to appropriate theoretical models, and that theoretical models may not yet adequately account for known GRB class properties. We conclude that GRB 170817A may not fit into a simple phenomenological classification scheme.  相似文献   

Optical flashes and very early afterglows in wind environments     

X. F. Wu  Z. G. Dai  Y. F. Huang  T. Lu 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,342(4):1131-1138

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Coronal change at the south-west limb observed by Yohkoh on 9 November 1991, and the subsequent interplanetary shock at Pioneer Venus Orbiter     

Shinichi Watari  Z. Smith  H. A. Garcia  T. Detman  M. Dryer 《Solar physics》1996,167(1-2):357-369

A spectacular change in the lower corona on the south-west limb has been found in solar images taken by the Yohkoh soft X-ray telescope. The event is characterized by a large topological change in magnetic field and a large intensity decrease observed after the X1. 1/1B flare on 9 November, 1991. A coronal mass ejection (CME) was observed by the Mark III K-coronameter (MK3) at the HAO/Mauna Loa Observatory. Both the MK3 (white-light) and soft X-ray observations showed that one leg of this CME was located above the flare site. An interplanetary shock associated with this event was observed by Pioneer Venus Orbiter, and, possibly, by IMP-8.Also Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, U.S.A.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Howard  R. F.  van den Oord  G. H. J.  Švestka  Z. 《Solar physics》1996,169(1):225-227

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基于SAR干涉点目标分析技术的城市地表形变监测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张永红  张继贤  龚文瑜  LU Z 《测绘学报》2009,38(6)

通过深入研究干涉点目标的相位模型,提出基于空间搜索的邻近点目标干涉相位差解缠方法,用以计算点目标的地形残差和线性形变,以及分离点目标大气延迟相位和非线性形变相位的时空域滤波方法,解决干涉点目标分析中的关键问题.最后,以苏州地区地表沉降监测为应用试验,利用形成的SAR干涉点目标形变信息提取技术,获取苏州市区1992-2002年间的地表沉降信息.研究结果与已有文献记录保持比较好的一致性,证明SAR干涉点目标技术完全可以发展成为应用于城市地表形变监测的实用化技术.

Abstract：

Interferometric point target analysis (IPTA) is one of the latest developments in radar interferometric processing. It is achieved by analysis of the interferometric phases of some individual point targets, which are discrete and present temporarily stable backscattering characteristics, in long temporal series of interferometric SAR images. This paper analyzes the interferometric phase model of point targets, and then addresses two key issues within IPTA process. Firstly, a spatial searching method is proposed to unwrap the interferometric phase difference between two neighboring point targets. The height residual error and linear deformation rate of each point target can then be calculated, when a global reference point with known height correction and deformation history is chosen. Secondly, a spatial-temporal filtering scheme is proposed to further separate the atmosphere phase and nonlinear deformation phase from the residual interferometric phase. Finally, an experiment of the developed IPTA methodology is conducted over Suzhou urban area. Totally 38 ERS-1/2 SAR scenes are analyzed, and the deformation information over 3 546 point targets in the time span of 1992-2002 are generated. The IPTA-derivecl deformation shows very good agreement with the published result, which demonstrates that the IPTA technique can be developed into an operational tool to map the ground subsidence over urban area.  相似文献   

Population synthesis for symbiotic stars with white dwarf accretors     

Guoliang Lü  L. Yungelson  Z. Han 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,372(3):1389-1406

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Single star scidar: atmospheric parameters profiling using the simulated annealing algorithm     

A. Habib  J. Vernin  Z. Benkhaldoun  H. Lanteri 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,368(3):1456-1462

In this paper, we present a new method to estimate, for each turbulent layer labelled i , the horizontal wind speed   v ( h _i )  , the standard deviation of the horizontal wind speed fluctuations  σ _v ( h_i )  and the integrated value of   C ² _n   over the thickness  Δ h_i   of the turbulent layer   C ² _n ( h_i )Δ h_i   , where   h_i   is the altitude of the turbulent layer. These parameters are extracted from single star scintillation spatiotemporal cross-correlation functions of atmospheric speckles obtained within the generalized mode. This method is based on the simulated annealing algorithm to find the optimal solution required to solve the problem. Astrophysics parameters for adaptive optics are also calculated using   C ² _n ( h_i )  and   v ( h_i )  values. The results of other techniques support this new method.  相似文献   

Calibration of the kinematic method of studying solar wind disturbances on the basis of a one-dimensional MHD solution and a simulation study of the heliosphere disturbances between 22 november and 6 december 1977     

Wei Sun  S.-I. Akasofu  Z.K. Smith  M. Dryer 《Planetary and Space Science》1985,33(8):933-943

An empirical kinematic method developed by Hakamada and Akasofu (1982) is calibrated on the basis of a one-dimensional MHD solution. The calibrated results are used to simulate the stream-stream interaction and the background corotating structure in a simple situation and also during 22 November–6 December 1977. The solar wind disturbances caused by solar activities during this period are then introduced into the above background stream in simulating the heliospheric disturbance event which was observed by an aligned set of spacecraft at distances between 0.6 and 1.6 a.u. The observations and the simulated results are satisfactory, and a little more refinement in the simulation could reconstruct reasonably well the data by filling the data gaps in the solar wind speed, the density and the IMF magnitude.  相似文献