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1.
Study is made on a 45 km-long artificial ecosystem without irrigation in Tengger desert on the basis of long-term ecological monitoring and ecohydrological fundamentals. Changes in water allocation, utilization, cycle and balance patterns in more than 40-year evolution of the soil-plant system are analyzed. The formation of a drought horizon in shrub rhizosphere and its effect, ecohydrological function of the crust and its effect on the soil-plant system change are discussed. Driven by water self-regulation and water stress, the soil-plant system is going to develop towards the steppe desert to ensure more effective use and optimum collocation of water resource.
相似文献2.
突出山铜铁矿床是东天山雅满苏石炭纪弧前-岛弧带中代表性的铁多金属矿床, 矿体呈透镜状、脉状、似层状赋存于上石炭统底坎尔组下亚组火山岩中。矽卡岩阶段包裹体均一温度为151℃~>380℃, 盐度为1.91%~23.18% NaCleq, 密度为0.76~1.09 g/cm3, 热液硫化物阶段包裹体均一温度为101℃~280℃, 盐度为0.35%~23.05% NaCleq, 密度为0.74~1.13 g/cm3, 表明成矿流体属于中-高温、中-低盐度、中-低密度的NaCl-H2O体系。(绿泥石)绿帘石矽卡岩、磁铁矿(镜铁矿)矿石、含磁铁矿灰岩的稀土配分模式均为轻稀土相对富集的右倾型(LREE/HREE=2.85~9.21), 以出现负铕异常(δEu=0.22~1.09)和铈异常不发育为特征, 与底坎尔组火山岩相似, 表明成矿物质来源于底坎尔组火山岩。矿区矽卡岩可能是火山热液交代碳酸盐岩形成的, 成矿条件为中-高温、较为宽广的氧化还原环境, 矿床成因属火山热液交代型。 相似文献
3.
Ecohydrological change mechanism of a rainfed revegetation ecosystem at southeastern edge of Tengger desert,Northwest China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Study is made on a 45 km-long artificial ecosystem without irrigation in Tengger desert on the basis of long-term ecological monitoring and ecohydrological fundamentals.Changes in water allocation, utilization, cycle and balance patterns in more than 40-year evolution of the soil-plant system are analyzed. The formation of a drought horizon in shrub rhizosphere and its effect, ecohydrological function of the crust and its effect on the soil-plant system change are discussed. Driven by water self-regulation and water stress, the soil-plant system is going to develop towards the steppe desert to ensure more effective use and optimum collocation of water resource. 相似文献
4.
基于相机摄影测量的冰面反照率反演方法研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
雪冰反照率是冰川与积雪能量平衡计算的关键参数,也是观测的难点. 为测量冰面反照率,试验采用相机摄影测量技术,在祁连山十一冰川开展了自动拍摄、并利用共线方程进行冰川正射制图,在此基础上于2012年7月28日-8月18日在冰川表面开展了不同海拔梯度的反照率观测. 通过统计分析晴天与阴天观测反照率与对应点相机拍摄获取的RGB归一化指数之间的关系,对十一冰川进行冰面反照率参数化方法研究. 结果表明：晴天冰面反照率与RGB归一化指数存在明显的指数关系,拟合R2达到0.79;而阴天的统计关系较差,线性拟合R2仅为0.52. 据此尝试利用晴天的拟合公式对整个冰面进行反照率参数化,计算表明：在晴天冰川表面地形阴影区的反照率存在低估现象,而无阴影区的反照率估算结果可信度较高. 利用2013年的反照率观测数据进行了参数化方案的验证,结果表明：观测值与模拟值平均误差仅为0.037,表明利用RGB影像对反照率参数化具有一定的可用性和可靠性. 相似文献
5.
在气候变化的背景下, 寒区灌丛与积雪的相互关系成为寒区水文循环研究的重要环节. 综述近几十年来寒区灌丛-积雪相互关系的国内外研究现状, 并对未来研究提出了展望. 寒区灌丛过去几十年来覆盖面积和生物量等呈现增加趋势, 灌丛的增加可截留积雪, 改变积雪重分布, 影响积雪消融过程; 积雪可增加灌丛区地温, 制约灌丛区融雪时空变化过程, 影响寒区灌丛的生理生态过程. 灌丛与积雪同为寒区自然生态系统和环境的重要组成部分, 二者相互作用使地面太阳辐射和地表水分分配过程复杂化, 从而间接地影响寒区冻土环境变化. 最后, 指出了未来研究需要重点关注的几个问题: 寒区灌丛区积雪分布的精确估计; 灌丛-积雪-冻土连续体的研究; 耦合灌丛-积雪作用的寒区水文模型的构建. 相似文献
6.
为增强地基可见光全天空云图中云与天空的特征和区别,提高云检测率,基于图像复原和图像增强技术提出一种改善云图质量的方法。该方法采用暗通道去雾算法进行图像复原;采用亮度直方图均衡增强图像纹理细节;综合两种方法,先图像复原,再图像增强。按低能见度薄云、低能见度厚云、高能见度薄云、高能见度厚云4种情况分别进行讨论,结果表明:除高能见度薄云采用单一的图像复原使云检测效果降低外,图像复原和图像增强都能使云检测和云量识别准确率提高;综合二者,云检测和云量识别准确率进一步提高;该方法对薄云和低能见度云图的改善最为显著。 相似文献
7.
Ecohydrological change mechanism of a rainfed revegetation ecosystem at southeastern edge of Tengger desert,Northwest China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Study is made on a 45 km-long artificial ecosystem without irrigation in Tengger desert on the basis of long-term ecological monitoring and ecohydrological fundamentals. Changes in water allocation, utilization, cycle and balance patterns in more than 40-year evolution of the soil-plant system are analyzed. The formation of a drought horizon in shrub rhizosphere and its effect, ecohydrological function of the crust and its effect on the soil-plant system change are discussed. Driven by water self-regulation and water stress, the soil-plant system is going to develop towards the steppe desert to ensure more effective use and optimum collocation of water resource. 相似文献
8.
阿尔金奇克山地区侵入于地层中的斜长角闪岩原岩为辉长岩,岩石地球化学组成显示斜长角闪岩的SiO_2和Al_2O_3含量较高为49.29%~51.03%和12.27%~14.49%,Na_2O+K_2O含量低为2.35%~4.37%,MgO和Mg~#值为6.48%~10.12%和48.7~59.6,具Eu负异常,样品的MgO对SiO_2、Al_2O_3、TiO_2及Cr-Rb和Rb/Nb-Rb/Zr关系图显示明显相关性,表明其为地幔岩浆经分异演化形成。岩石富集Rb、Th和U,亏损Nb、Sr和P,且Th/Ta为1.05~2.771,Nb/La为0.88~1.02,多小于1,显示岩石在演化过程中受到了地壳轻微混染,推断岩石形成于板内伸展环境。利用LA-ICP-MS微区原位定年获得斜长角闪岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U-~(207)Pb/~(235)U谐和年龄503±5 Ma和~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为479±6 Ma,该年龄段为阿尔金峰期变质阶段,指示岩石形成于479 Ma以前。 相似文献
9.
Shuhai Guo Rensheng Chen Chuntan Han Guohua Liu Yaoxuan Song Yong Yang Zhangwen Liu Junfeng Liu 《地球科学进展》2017,32(11):1204-1217
As an important exchange process of water and heat between the cryosphere and the atmosphere, snow and glacier sublimation is a principal pathway of moisture content loss of cryosphere. The observations and simulations of snow and glacier sublimation for the process and influencing factors were conducted earlier in the Antarctic and the Arctic Pole, North America and northern Europe, and had made great progress. Based on the analysis of the sublimation of ice and snow and the latent heat of sublimation in different regions and climatic conditions, the influencing factors to sublimation of ice and snow were analyzed. Although sublimation of ice and snow is an important part of regional hydrological process and energy budget balance, under humid climate conditions, sublimation of ice and snow is inhibited. it is greatly affected by local topography(elevation, slope and aspect), vegetation and meteorological elements, resulting in large differences in reported sublimation of ice and snow. However, there are many factors that affect the sublimation, resulting in the obvious spatial and temporal differences of research results. The researches lack of long-term, systematic observation and research, and which has contributed to the lack of understanding in the water-heat process of snow and glacier. There are still great uncertainties and difficulties in this study that need to be overcome. 相似文献
10.
Lei?Wang Rensheng?ChenEmail author Yaoxuan?Song Yong?Yang Junfeng?Liu Chuntan?Han Zhangwen?Liu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,134(3-4):875-884
It is generally accepted that altitude is the main variable governing the spatial distribution of precipitation in the mountains. This study mainly discusses the precipitation–altitude relationships on different timescales and at different individual precipitation magnitudes in the entire study period (April 2012 to September 2015), wet season (May to September), and dry season (October to April), and tries to find a threshold to determine whether the correlation between precipitation and altitude is significant. In this study, the half-hourly data, including precipitation, wind speed, and air temperature, from April 2012 to September 2015 are obtained by six automatic meteorological stations located on the north slope of Qilian Mountains, which range from 2980 to 4484 m a.s.l., and horizontal distance is approximately 7000 m. Results indicate that (i) if all samples in the entire study period are to be investigated, the individual precipitation had to reach about 30 or 40 mm, then the sample may pass the significance test at p < 0.05 or at p < 0.01, respectively. The thresholds in wet season are same as that during entire study period. The thresholds in dry season are about 10 and 15 mm (ii) with increasing timescale, the percentage of samples that pass the test increases. However, it is until the monthly scale whether it is wet or dry season or the entire study period, the precipitation–altitude relationships have statistical significance and using the monthly or yearly scale as the time unit can be better applied to the research, which is based on the precipitation–altitude relationships. 相似文献