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Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Babikir Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,11(2):165-172
Rainfall distribution over the Sultanate of Oman is analysed. Data from seven recently installed weather stations as well as supporting data from scattered sources were used. Distribution maps were drawn. NW and NE winter wind meet resulting in troughs and rainfall on the Mountains and Coastal Strips. Summer monsoon wind dominates the S. Central areas of overlap receive light showers from both summer monsoons and winter local troughs. Heavier amounts of rainfall are generally associated with high altitude. 相似文献
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Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Babikir Dr. 《GeoJournal》1984,9(4):377-385
The environment and vegetation of Khor El-Odaid area in SE Qatar is described. The area includes three ecogeomorphological systems: 1) Sabkhas, 2) Sand dunes, and 3) Hamada plains. Khor El-Odaid lies within the torrid sub-region of the N desert belt. Temperatures are high, summer winds hot and dry and rainfall is scanty and irregular both in time and space. The vegetation was sampled quantitatively using the transect method to provide estimates of cover abundance, sociobility and frequency. Surface soils were analysed. Two halophytic and three glycophytic plant communities are recognized:Limonium axillare, Halopeplis perfoliata, Cyperus conglomeratus, Panicum turgidum andZygophyllum quatarense. Plant distribution is found to be determined by a gradient in salt and water content ranging from the sea shore to the hamada plains in the most landward margin of the study area. 相似文献
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Abdalla E. M. Elsheikh Khalid A. Elsayed Zeielabdein Ibrahim A. A. Babikir 《Hydrogeology Journal》2009,17(8):2075-2082
The Khor Arbaat basin is the main source of potable water supply for the more than 750,000 inhabitants of Port Sudan, eastern Sudan. The variation in hydraulic conductivity and storage capacity is due to the heterogeneity of the sediments, which range from clay and silt to gravely sand and boulders. The water table rises during the summer and winter rainy seasons; it reaches its lowest level in the dry season. The storage capacity of the Khor Arbaat aquifer is estimated to be 21.75?×?106 m3. The annual recharge through the infiltration of flood water is about 1.93?×?106 m3. The groundwater recharge, calculated as underground inflow at the ‘upper gate’, is 1.33?×?105 m3/year. The total annual groundwater recharge is 2.06?×?106 m3. The annual discharge through underground outflow at the ‘lower gate’ (through which groundwater flows onto the coastal plain) is 3.29?×?105 m3/year. Groundwater discharge due to pumping from Khor Arbaat basin is 4.38?×?106 m3/year on average. The total annual groundwater discharge is about 4.7?×?106 m3. A deficit of 2.6?×?106 m3/year is calculated. Although the total annual discharge is twice the estimated annual recharge, additional groundwater flow from the fractured basement probably balances the annual groundwater budget since no decline is observed in the piezometric levels. 相似文献
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Ahmed A. A. Babikir 《GeoJournal》1994,33(4):383-386
An attempt is made to review shortcomings in refugee and displaced people aid and rehabilitation in eastern Sudan. Shortcomings are discussed as related to the recipients, the local inhabitants and the environment. Contributing factors are evaluated and an alternative approach is recommended. Environmental conservation being the focus, trust and coordination are the means. 相似文献
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The study attempts to determine the effects of weather and climate on different economic activities. Various climatic parameters were analysed and their influence on economic resources and operations were discussed. As in other fragile desert ecosystems, economic activities in the Arab Gulf States are significantly influenced by water scarcity and heat. 相似文献
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The distribution pattern of the Acacia tortilis in several sites in Qatar was investigated using the Greig-Smith-Kershaw method of pattern analysis. Neither random nor regular dispersion were detected and the distribution of the species was of the contagious type in almost every site. Pattern analyses showed two consistent scales: a smaller scale pattern attributed to an intrinsic factor of restricted dispersal of seeds and a larger scale pattern related to past and present biotic interference. 相似文献
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This study attempts to investigate the distribution of ventifacts in Qatar. It is believed that ventifacts are confined to the areas within about 5 km of the Miocene or Mio-Pliocene Hofuf formations and the spreads of continental gravels derived from them. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) Ventifacts in Qatar are confined to areas within about 5 km of the Hofuf formations and the spreads of continental gravels derived from them. The distribution of ventifacts within these areas varies according to the nature of the ground surface; (2) The most active ventifaction areas are where the continental gravels merge with the Eocene limestone because of the increase in saltation particle speed in these areas where bedrock or bare limestone is exposed; (3) The unit area ratio of ventifact to non-ventifact pebbles varies inversely with the total amount of pebbles. To test these hypotheses, nine land class categories were identified in the three major Hofuf formations. Line transects were carried out from randomly selected stations near the middle of the Hofuf formations. Along each transect systematic sampling was carried out at 200 m intervals. The data were processed using a WANG MVP 2200 computer with software developed for the project. It was found that ventifacts tend to concentrate on the outer edges of the continental gravels in areas of limestone outcrop and limestone pavement. Higher areas have big gravel counts and a low ratio of ventifacts while the low-lying plains have small gravel counts and a higher ratio of ventifacts. In certain areas ‘ventifact fields’ were found where the density of ventifacts was as high as 30 per m2. Many of the ventifacts in these fields were buried beneath the surface suggesting that the ventifaction predates the present site conditions. Other high ventifact density areas were discovered where the ventifacts have collected in shallow depressions or hollows on the limestone plateaux. Water action has washed these ventifacts, a high proportion of which are dreikanters, into the hollows, where they have been partially buried in fine alluvial silts. These ‘ventifact graveyards’ are generally only a few metres wide but contain large numbers of fine specimens. 相似文献
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