Fast adsorption of microcystin-LR by Fe(III)-modified powdered activated carbon     

Dai  Guofei  Gan  Nanqin  Song  Lirong  Fang  Shaowen  Peng  Ningyan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,36(4):1103-1111

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic hepatotoxic peptides produced by the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis and present a public health hazard to humans and...  相似文献   

A Simplified Solution Using Izbash's Equation for Non-Darcian Flow in a Constant Rate Pumping Test     

Liang Xiao  Ming Ye  Yongxin Xu  Fuwan Gan 《Ground water》2019,57(6):962-968

This paper derives an equivalent of Darcian Theis solution for non-Darcian flow induced by constant rate pumping of a well in a confined aquifer. The derivation, which is valid at later times only, is original. It utilizes Izbash's equation. This introduces an additional parameter to Darcian condition, namely, empirical exponent. The solution is a non-Drcian equivalent of Jacob straight line method for analyzing pumping tests at late times. It can be used to determine aquifer parameters: storativity, analogous hydraulic conductivity, and empirical exponent. However, while the Jacob method requires a minimum of only one pumping test with one observation well, the additional parameter in the present solution means that a minimum of two observation wells in one test or two pumping tests at different rates with one observation well are required. The derived solution is applied to a case study at Plomeur in Brittany, France, and is shown to provide a practical and efficient method for analyzing pumping tests where non-Darcian groundwater flow occurs.  相似文献   

Evapotranspiration management based on the application of SWAT for balancing water consumption: A case study in Guantao,China     

Bin Liu  Hong Gan 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(4):51

Rapid social and economic development results in increased demand for water resources. This can lead to the unsustainable development and exploitation of water resources which in turn causes significant environmental problems. Conventional water resource management approaches, such as supply and demand management strategies, frequently fail to restore regional water balance. This paper introduces the concept of water consumption balance, the balance between actual evapotranspiration (ET) and target ET, and establishes a framework to realize regional water balance. The framework consists of three stages: (1) determination of target ET and actual ET; (2) quantification of the water-saving requirements for the region; and (3) reduction of actual ET by implementing various water saving management strategies. Using this framework, a case study was conducted for Guantao County, China. The SWAT model was utilized to aid in the selection of the best water saving management strategy by comparing the ET of different irrigation methods and crop pattern adjustments. Simulation results revealed that determination of SWAT model parameters using remote sensing ET is feasible and that the model is a valuable tool for ET management. Irrigation was found to have a greater influence on the ET of winter wheat as compared to that of maize, indicating that reduction in winter wheat cultivation is the most effective way to reduce regional ET. However, the effect of water-saving irrigation methods on the reduction of ET was not obvious. This indicates that it would be difficult to achieve regional ET reduction using water-saving irrigation methods only. Furthermore, selecting the best water saving management strategy by relying solely on the amount of reduced ET was insufficient, because it ignored the impact of water conservation measures on the livelihood of the agricultural community. Incorporating these considerations with our findings, we recommend changing the current irrigation method to sprinkler irrigation and replacing 20% of the winter wheat-maize cultivated area with cotton, as the best strategy to achieve water balance in the study area.  相似文献   

Identification of paralytic shellfish toxin-producing microalgae using machine learning and deep learning methods     

Xu  Wei  Niu  Jie  Gan  Wenyu  Gou  Siyu  Zhang  Shuai  Qiu  Han  Jiang  Tianjiu 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2022,40(6):2202-2217

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) microalgae, as one of the harmful algal blooms, causes great damage to the offshore fishery, marine culture, and marine...  相似文献   

Electro-osmotic permeability model based on ions migration     

Zhou  Jian  Gan  Qiyun  Tao  Yanli 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(6):2379-2393

Acta Geotechnica - Electro-osmotic permeability is a very important parameter in soil drainage and electrochemical remediation. The present widely used equation for calculating the electro-osmotic...  相似文献   

珠江三角洲城市大气中多环芳烃的污染特征、来源解析和健康风险评估     

邹昃灏  赵时真  田乐乐  邹世春  杨颖  李军  张干 《地球化学》2021,50(6):644-653

多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)是广泛存在于大气中的一类毒害有机污染物.本研究采集了2018年冬、夏两季珠江三角洲9个地级市的气态和颗粒态(PM2.5)样品,分析了16种美国国家环境保护局优先控制PAHs的浓度水平和时空变化,并结合PM2.5相中的有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)和左旋葡聚糖浓度,使用正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对PAHs进行了来源解析.∑16 PAHs的气相浓度范围为7.08～284.08 ng/m3,PM2.5相浓度范围为0.30～17.00 ng/m3,两相总浓度(37.48±41.53)ng/m3.季节特征上,∑16 PAHs气相浓度为夏高冬低,PM2.5相浓度则呈现冬高夏低,总∑16 PAHs浓度呈夏高冬低.比值法和PMF源解析结果发现,珠江三角洲9个典型城市大气的PAHs主要来自生物质燃烧(57％)、煤炭燃烧(30％)和机动车尾气排放(13％).城市周边生物质燃烧引致的PAHs污染仍需重视.健康风险评价表明,珠江三角洲大气PAHs致癌等效浓度处于较低水平(0.30～1.89 ng/m3),主要由苯并[a]芘贡献(>45％),建议重点关注.  相似文献   

持久、迁移性有机污染物的水污染现状、分析检测方法和去除技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘艺  于洋  金彪  张霁云  陈文文  张干 《地球化学》2021,50(3):305-316

持久、迁移性有机污染物(PMOC)具有高极性、化学性质稳定的特点,故难被土壤以及沉积物吸附.该类化学物质的环境释放可导致其在地下水以及饮用水中富集.目前,由于缺乏有效的分析技术手段,水体中大量未知的PMOC仍待进一步分析和识别.本次研究将从定义、特性和判别标准等方面系统介绍该类污染物,同时,对欧洲国家的PMOC管控现状和政策法规进行总结和归纳.此外,以全氟烷基酸为例,对比、讨论了我国和欧洲地表水和地下水中PMOC的污染现状,并针对不同种类的PMOC详细介绍了相关的分析方法和水处理技术.最后,对PMOC的未来研究趋势进行前瞻,以期为我国化学品风险管理以及饮用水资源保护提供参考依据.  相似文献   

思茅地块西缘大凹子组地层序列及地质时代          下载免费PDF全文

魏月华  甘正勤  刘桂春  冯庆来 《地球科学》2021,46(2):418-431

目前关于思茅地块西缘大凹子组的形成时代仍有分歧.在思茅地块西缘大中河剖面采集了硅质岩、砂岩、凝灰岩和玄武岩,通过放射虫组合和锆石U-Pb年龄方法,厘定其地质时代,并结合区域资料恢复地层序列.通过详细剖面实测,发现该剖面由6个地层断片组成:第一、四断片以含放射虫硅质岩为特征,放射虫组合指示其时代为晚泥盆世至早石炭世早期;第二、五断片以火山碎屑岩、具有鲍玛序列沉积特征的火山碎屑沉积岩为主,锆石U-Pb同位素年龄指示其时代为志留纪中期至早泥盆世;第三、六断片以火山岩沉积为特征,锆石U-Pb同位素年龄指示其时代为志留纪早期.结合前人资料认为思茅地块西缘分布的海相火山岩、碎屑岩和含放射虫硅质岩地层层序代表了志留纪到早石炭世早期的岛弧火山-沉积地层序列.   相似文献   

西苏门答腊实武牙地区晚三叠世花岗岩锆石年代学及其特提斯构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

余小清  钱鑫  卢向红  徐畅  张玉芝  甘成势  王岳军 《地球科学》2021,46(8):2873-2886

苏门答腊岛位于东特提斯构造域,沿该岛分布了大量不同时代和成因的花岗岩,但这些花岗岩的形成时代和延伸以及对比均未能得到很好的界定,也限制了对东南亚主要岩浆岩带延伸及其构造背景的理解.对西苏门答腊实武牙地区新识别出的花岗岩体开展了精细的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果显示,3个花岗岩样品的锆石均为典型的岩浆成因,其岩浆年龄分别为215.1±2.4 Ma（MSWD=0.14）、206.1±5 Ma（MSWD=0.22）、214.3±5 Ma（MSWD=0.11）,锆石年代学研究表明西苏门答腊存在晚三叠世的岩浆作用.对比东南亚花岗岩省内同期侵入岩认为,西苏门答腊实武牙地区的晚三叠世花岗岩可与东南亚西部花岗岩省进行对比和联系,该套晚三叠世花岗岩可能形成于中特提斯洋初始俯冲的弧后裂谷环境.   相似文献   

微生物-CMC无固相钻井液固壁作用与机理初探          下载免费PDF全文

李之军  赵淦  向浩天  杜泽华  陈俊秀  刘阔 《探矿工程》2021,48(S1):249-253

松散破碎性地层孔壁失稳一直是困扰钻探工程界的难题之一,增强该类地层的胶结性,提高其力学性能是有效解决孔壁失稳的技术关键。本文将微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积（MICP）技术与CMC无固相钻井液相结合,构建微生物-CMC无固相钻井液体系。通过岩心浸泡实验、X射线衍射实验（XRD）以及扫描电镜分析两种微观分析手段对微生物-CMC无固相钻井液的固壁作用与机理进行了初探。结果表明：微生物-CMC无固相钻井液对松散破碎性地层具有较明显的加固作用,且作用时间越长,初始菌种浓度越高,钙源浓度越大,固壁效果越好。在固壁过程中,微生物随钻井液渗透进入试样内部,在松散颗粒之间诱导生成碳酸钙晶体,填充孔隙空间,将松散颗粒胶结成整体,并具有一定的力学强度,从而达到加固孔壁的目的。本研究结果为解决松散破碎性地层孔壁失稳提供了新的钻井液技术方案。  相似文献